{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T18:02:26Z","timestamp":1772474546818,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"23-24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BK20150784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20150784"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["30917011324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30917011324"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010031","name":"Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015M581800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015M581800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010031","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2016YFF0103604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFF0103604"]}]},{"name":"Open Research Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligent Sense","award":["3091801410410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3091801410410"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013058","name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BE2016768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2016768"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013058","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-020-08889-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T19:02:59Z","timestamp":1588705379000},"page":"16751-16769","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A Real Time Face Tracking System based on Multiple Information Fusion"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Zhichao","family":"Lian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chanying","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"8889_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Babenko B, Yang M, Belongie S (2009) Visual tracking with online multiple instance learning, 2009 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, Miami, FL, pp. 983\u2013990","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206737"},{"key":"8889_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bae S-H, Yoon K-J (2014) Robust online multi-object tracking based on tracklet confidence and online discriminative appearance learning, in Proc. IEEE Comput. Soc. Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., 1218\u20131225","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.159"},{"key":"8889_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernardin K, Stiefelhagen R (2008) Evaluating multiple object tracking performance: the CLEAR MOT metrics, Image and Video Processing. May","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/246309"},{"key":"8889_CR4","unstructured":"Bewley A (2017) Simple Online and Realtime Tracking with a Deep Association Metric, Proceedings - International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP, v 2017-September, p 3645\u20133649, July 2"},{"key":"8889_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bewley A, Ge Z, Ott L, Ramos F, Upcroft B (2016) Simple online and realtime tracking, Proceedings - International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP, v 2016-August, p 3464\u20133468, August 3","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2016.7533003"},{"key":"8889_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bochinski E, Eiselein V, Sikora T (2017) High-Speed tracking-by-detection without using image information, 2017 14th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS). IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2017.8078516"},{"key":"8889_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bose B, Wang X, Grimson E (2007) Multi-class object tracking algorithm that handles fragmentation and grouping, in Proc. IEEE Comput. Soc. Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., pp. 1\u20138","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383175"},{"issue":"9","key":"8889_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2010.232","volume":"33","author":"MD Breitenstein","year":"2011","unstructured":"Breitenstein MD, Reichlin F, Leibe B, Koller-Meier E, Van Gool L (Sep. 2011) Online multiperson tracking-by-detection from a single, uncalibrated camera. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intel 33(9):1820\u20131833","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intel"},{"key":"8889_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brendel W, Amer M, Todorovic S (2011) Multiobject tracking as maximum weight independent set, in Proc. IEEE Comput. Soc. Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., 1273\u20131280","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995395"},{"key":"8889_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen P-H, Lin, C-J, Sch\u00f6lkopf B (2005) A Tutorial on \u03bd-support vector machines. Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry. 21. 111\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/asmb.537","DOI":"10.1002\/asmb.537"},{"key":"8889_CR11","unstructured":"Dalal, Navneet, Triggs, et al. (2005) Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection, Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2005, v I, p 886\u2013893"},{"issue":"9","key":"8889_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2009.167","volume":"32","author":"P Felzenszwalb","year":"2010","unstructured":"Felzenszwalb P, Girshick R, McAllester D, Ramanan D (Sep 2010) Object detection with discriminatively trained part-based models. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. 32(9):1627\u20131645","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel."},{"issue":"8","key":"8889_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198902233200802","volume":"320","author":"B Fisher","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fisher B, Costantino J, Redmond C, Poisson R, Bowman D, Couture J, Dimitrov NV, Wolmark N, Wickerham DL, Fisher ER (1989) A randomized clinical trial evaluating tamoxifen in the treatment of patients with node-negative breast cancer who have estrogen-receptor-positive tumors. The New England journal of medicine 320(8):479\u2013484","journal-title":"The New England journal of medicine"},{"key":"8889_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Girshick R, Donahue J, Darrelland T, et al. (2014) Rich feature hierarchies for object detection and semantic segmentation, in Proc. IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 580\u2013587, September 24","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.81"},{"key":"8889_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He K, Zhang X, Ren S, et al. (2016) Deep residual learning for image recognition, IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition 770\u2013778","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"8889_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henriques J F , Caseiro R , Martins P , et al. (2015) High-speed tracking with Kernelized correlation filters, IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, v 37, n 3, p 583\u2013596, march 1","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2014.2345390"},{"issue":"12","key":"8889_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2420","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.42","volume":"34","author":"W Hu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hu W, Li X, Luo W, Zhang X, Maybank S, Zhang Z (Dec. 2012) Single and multiple object tracking using log-euclidean riemannian subspace and block-division appearance model. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. 34(12):2420\u20132440","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel."},{"key":"8889_CR18","unstructured":"Jain V, Learned-Miller E (2010) FDDB: A Benchmark for Face Detection in Unconstrained Settings."},{"key":"8889_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuo C-H, Huang C, Nevatia R (2010) Multi-target tracking by on-line learned discriminative appearance models, in Proc. IEEE Comput. Soc. Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., 685\u2013692","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2010.5540148"},{"key":"8889_CR20","unstructured":"Links IKF (1995) An introduction to the Kalman filter[J]"},{"key":"8889_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Milan A, Rezatofighi S H, Dick A, et al. (2017) Online Multi-target Tracking using Recurrent Neural Networks, 31st AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2017, p 4225\u20134232","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v31i1.11194"},{"key":"8889_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Polikar R (2006) Ensemble based systems in decision making, in IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 21\u201345, Third Quarter","DOI":"10.1109\/MCAS.2006.1688199"},{"key":"8889_CR23","unstructured":"Qin Z, Shelton CR (2012) Improving multi-target tracking via social grouping, in Proc. IEEE Comput. Soc. Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., 1972\u20131978"},{"key":"8889_CR24","unstructured":"Redmon J, Farhadi A (2018) YOLOv3: An Incremental Improvement"},{"issue":"6","key":"8889_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2577031","volume":"39","author":"S Ren","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ren S, He K, Girshick R et al (2015) Faster R-CNN: towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence 39(6):1137\u20131149","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"8889_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song B, Jeng T-Y, Staudt E, Roy-Chowdhury AK (2010) A stochastic graph evolution framework for robust multi-target tracking, in Proc. Eur. Conf. Comput. Vis., pp. 605\u2013619","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-15549-9_44"},{"key":"8889_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su C, Zhang S, Xing J, Gao W, Tian Q (2016) Deep attributes driven multi-camera person re-identification, in Proc. Eur. Conf. Comput. Vis., pp. 475\u2013491","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46475-6_30"},{"key":"8889_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sugimura D, Kitani KM, Okabe T, Sato Y, Sugimoto A (2009) Using individuality to track individuals: Clustering individual trajectories in crowds using local appearance and frequency trait, in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Comput. Vis., 1467\u20131474","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459286"},{"key":"8889_CR29","unstructured":"Viola P , Jones M. (2001) \u201cRapid object detection using a boosted Cascade of simple features,\u201d Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, v 1, p I511-I518"},{"key":"8889_CR30","unstructured":"Yang B, Nevatia R (2012) Multi-target tracking by online learning of non-linear motion patterns and robust appearance models,\u201d in Proc. IEEE Comput. Soc. Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., 1918\u20131925"},{"key":"8889_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang M, Yu T, Wu Y (2007) Game-theoretic multiple target tracking, in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Comput. Vis., pp. 1\u20138","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4408942"},{"key":"8889_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang B, Huang C, Nevatia R (2011) Learning affinities and dependencies for multi-target tracking using a CRF model,\u201d in Proc. IEEE Comput. Soc. Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., 1233\u20131240","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995587"},{"key":"8889_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu F., Li W., Li Q., Liu Y., Shi X., Yan J. (2016) POI: Multiple Object Tracking with High Performance Detection and Appearance Feature. In: Hua G., J\u00e9gou H. (eds) Computer Vision \u2013 ECCV 2016 Workshops. ECCV 2016. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 9914. Springer, Cham","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-48881-3_3"},{"key":"8889_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang L, van der Maaten L (2013) Structure preserving object tracking, Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 1838\u20131845","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2013.240"},{"issue":"4","key":"8889_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2013.221","volume":"36","author":"L Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang L, van der Maaten L (2014) Preserving structure in model-free tracking. in Proc IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intel 36(4):756\u2013769","journal-title":"in Proc IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intel"},{"key":"8889_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang J, Presti LL, Sclaroff S (2012) Online multi-person tracking by tracker hierarchy, in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Advanced Video Signal-Based Surveillance, pp. 379\u2013385.","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2012.51"},{"issue":"10","key":"8889_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2016.2603342","volume":"23","author":"K Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang K, Zhang Z, Li Z, Qiao Y (2016) Joint Face Detection and Alignment Using Multitask Cascaded Convolutional Networks. Proc. IEEE Signal Processing Letters 23(10):1499\u20131503","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE Signal Processing Letters"},{"key":"8889_CR38","unstructured":"Luo W , Xing J , Milan A, et al. \u201cMultiple Object Tracking: A Literature Review,\u201d arXiv:1409.7618v4"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-020-08889-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-020-08889-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-020-08889-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]],"date-time":"2022-10-23T04:01:50Z","timestamp":1666497710000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-020-08889-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23-24","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["8889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-020-08889-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1380-7501","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 May 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}