{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T18:48:48Z","timestamp":1771613328211,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-020-09814-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T21:03:01Z","timestamp":1601499781000},"page":"4579-4605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["A robust iris localization scheme for the iris recognition"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9118-3652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farmanullah","family":"Jan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nasro","family":"Min-Allah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahrukh","family":"Agha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Usman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irfanullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"9814_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Basit A, Javed MY (2007) Iris localization via intensity gradient and recognition through bit planes. In: Machine Vision, 2007 ICMV 2007 International Conference on: 28\u201329 Dec. 2007 2007; 23\u201328","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMV.2007.4469267"},{"issue":"2","key":"9814_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2007.08.005","volume":"110","author":"KW Bowyer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bowyer KW, Hollingsworth K, Flynn PJ (2008) Image understanding for iris biometrics: a survey. Comput Vis Image Underst 110(2):281\u2013307","journal-title":"Comput Vis Image Underst"},{"key":"9814_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bowyer K, Hollingsworth K, Flynn P (2012) A Survey of Iris Biometrics Research: 2008-2010. Handbook of Iris Recognition 2012","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-4402-1_2"},{"key":"9814_CR4","unstructured":"CASIA_Iris_Database: http:\/\/www.cbsr.ia.ac.cn\/english\/IrisDatabase.asp. Accessed 2 Aug 2020"},{"issue":"11","key":"9814_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1109\/34.244676","volume":"15","author":"JG Daugman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Daugman JG (1993) High confidence visual recognition of persons by a test of statistical independence. Patt Analysis Mach Intell IEEE Trans 15(11):1148\u20131161","journal-title":"Patt Analysis Mach Intell IEEE Trans"},{"issue":"5","key":"9814_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2007.903540","volume":"37","author":"J Daugman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Daugman J (2007) New methods in Iris recognition. Syst Man Cybernet Part B: Cybernet IEEE Trans 37(5):1167\u20131175","journal-title":"Syst Man Cybernet Part B: Cybernet IEEE Trans"},{"issue":"2","key":"9814_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2009.05.004","volume":"28","author":"R Donida Labati","year":"2010","unstructured":"Donida Labati R, Scotti F (2010) Noisy iris segmentation with boundary regularization and reflections removal. Image Vis Comput 28(2):270\u2013277","journal-title":"Image Vis Comput"},{"key":"9814_CR8","unstructured":"Gonzalez RC, Woods RE (1992) Digital image processing, 2nd edition. Prentice Hall Professional Technical Reference (April 30, 1992)"},{"key":"9814_CR9","unstructured":"IITD_iris_databases: http:\/\/www.iitd.ac.in\/. Accessed 2 Aug 2020"},{"key":"9814_CR10","unstructured":"Jan F (2014) Development And Analysis of Robust Iris Segmentation Algorithms for Non Ideal Iris Recognition System. PhD Thesis COMSATS Univeristy Islamabad 2014"},{"key":"9814_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2016.11.007","volume":"133","author":"F Jan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jan F (2017) Segmentation and localization schemes for non-ideal iris biometric systems. Signal Process 133:192\u2013212","journal-title":"Signal Process"},{"key":"9814_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-016-4334-x","volume":"77","author":"F Jan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jan F (2018) Pupil localization in image data acquired with near-infrared or visible wavelength illumination. Multimed Tools Appl 77:1041\u20131067","journal-title":"Multimed Tools Appl"},{"issue":"16","key":"9814_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2014.04.009","volume":"125","author":"F Jan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jan F, Usman I (2014) Iris segmentation for visible wavelength and near infrared eye images. Optik - Int J Light Electron Optics 125(16):4274\u20134282","journal-title":"Optik - Int J Light Electron Optics"},{"issue":"6","key":"9814_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2012.06.001","volume":"22","author":"F Jan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jan F, Usman I, Agha S (2012) Iris localization in frontal eye images for less constrained iris recognition systems. Digital Signal Process 22(6):971\u2013986","journal-title":"Digital Signal Process"},{"issue":"14","key":"9814_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19279","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-019-7314-0","volume":"78","author":"R Kapoor","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kapoor R, Gupta R, Son LH, Kumar R (2019) Iris localization for direction and deformation independence based on polynomial curve fitting and singleton expansion. Multimed Tools Appl 78(14):19279\u201319303","journal-title":"Multimed Tools Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"9814_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2010.08.020","volume":"49","author":"TM Khan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Khan TM, Aurangzeb Khan M, Malik SA, Khan SA, Bashir T, Dar AH (2011) Automatic localization of pupil using eccentricity and iris using gradient based method. Opt Lasers Eng 49(2):177\u2013187","journal-title":"Opt Lasers Eng"},{"key":"9814_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2020.102682","volume":"100","author":"L Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma L, Li H, Yu K (2020) Fast iris localization algorithm on noisy images based on conformal geometric algebra. Digital Signal Process 100:102682","journal-title":"Digital Signal Process"},{"key":"9814_CR18","unstructured":"Masek LKP (2003) Matlab source code for a biometric identification system based on iris pattern. In: The school of computer science and software engineering, the University of Western"},{"key":"9814_CR19","unstructured":"Masek L (2003) Recognition of human iris patterns for biometric identification, in: BSc.Thesis, School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, the University of Western Australia"},{"key":"9814_CR20","first-page":"132","volume":"58","author":"H Mehrotra","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mehrotra H, Sa PK, Majhi B (2013) Fast segmentation and adaptive SURF descriptor for iris recognition. MathComput Model 58:132\u2013146","journal-title":"MathComput Model"},{"key":"9814_CR21","unstructured":"MMU_Iris_Database: https:\/\/www.cs.princeton.edu\/~andyz\/downloads\/MMUIrisDatabase.zip. Accessed 2 Aug 2020"},{"key":"9814_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2017.05.021","volume":"72","author":"K Nguyen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nguyen K, Fookes C, Jillela R, Sridharan S, Ross A (2017) Long range iris recognition: a survey. Pattern Recogn 72:123\u2013143","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn"},{"key":"9814_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ross A, Shah S (2006) Segmenting Non-Ideal Irises Using Geodesic Active Contours. In: Biometric Consortium Conference, 2006 Biometrics Symposium: Special Session on Research at the: Sept. 19 2006-Aug. 21 2006 2006; 1\u20136","DOI":"10.1109\/BCC.2006.4341625"},{"key":"9814_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santos G, Proena H (2009) On the Role of Interpolation in the Normalization of Non-ideal Visible Wavelength Iris Images. In: Computational Intelligence and Security, 2009 CIS '09 International Conference on: 11\u201314 Dec. 2009 2009; 315\u2013319","DOI":"10.1109\/CIS.2009.113"},{"key":"9814_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2018.02.047","volume":"67","author":"M Sardar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sardar M, Mitra S, Shankar BU (2018) Iris localization using rough entropy and CSA: a soft computing approach. Appl Soft Comput 67:61\u201369","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"9814_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2009.2033225","volume":"4","author":"S Shah","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shah S, Ross A (2009) Iris segmentation using geodesic active contours. Info Forensics Secur IEEE Trans 4(4):824\u2013836","journal-title":"Info Forensics Secur IEEE Trans"},{"key":"9814_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2016.11.150","volume":"140","author":"NF Soliman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Soliman NF, Mohamed E, Magdi F, El-Samie FEA, Muhmmad A (2017) Efficient iris localization and recognition. Optik - Int J Light Electron Optics 140:469\u2013475","journal-title":"Optik - Int J Light Electron Optics"},{"key":"9814_CR28","first-page":"3","volume":"3","author":"Somnath Dey aDS","year":"2007","unstructured":"Somnath Dey aDS (2007) A Novel Approach to Iris Localization for Iris Biometric Processing. Int J Biol Life Sci 3:3","journal-title":"Int J Biol Life Sci"},{"key":"9814_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan C-W, Kumar A (2011) Automated segmentation of iris images using visible wavelength face images. In: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW), 2011 IEEE Computer Society Conference on: 20\u201325 June 2011 2011; 9\u201314","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2011.5981682"},{"key":"9814_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-ipr.2012.0084","volume":"7","author":"H-L Wan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wan H-L, Li Z, Qiao J-P, Li B-S (2013) Non-ideal iris segmentation using anisotropic diffusion. IET Image Process 7:111\u2013120","journal-title":"IET Image Process"},{"issue":"9","key":"9814_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1109\/5.628669","volume":"85","author":"RP Wildes","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wildes RP (1997) Iris recognition: an emerging biometric technology. Proc IEEE 85(9):1348\u20131363","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-020-09814-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-020-09814-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-020-09814-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T01:51:50Z","timestamp":1632966710000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-020-09814-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["9814"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-020-09814-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1380-7501","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 August 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 August 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 September 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}