{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T19:40:16Z","timestamp":1770493216976,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]],"date-time":"2021-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]],"date-time":"2021-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-020-10380-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]],"date-time":"2021-04-17T05:02:32Z","timestamp":1618635752000},"page":"25309-25366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Enhanced metadata modelling and extraction methods to acquire contextual pedagogical information from e-learning contents for personalised learning systems"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9053-4617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saurabh","family":"Pal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9438-9309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pijush Kanti Dutta","family":"Pramanik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6687-3056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prasenjit","family":"Choudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"10380_CR1","unstructured":"Anderson LW, Krathwohl DR, Bloom BS (2001) In: Anderson DKLW (ed) A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing : a revision of Bloom\u2019s taxonomy of educational objectives. New York, Longman"},{"key":"10380_CR2","unstructured":"Aoki K (2000) Taxonomy of interactivity on the web. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/Taxonomy-of-Interactivity-on-the-Web-Aoki\/ed396d88541685ec738d1b9f5ac859e377036aa7. Accessed 8 July 2020"},{"key":"10380_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dey AK, Poddar B, Pramanik PKD, Debnath NC, Aljahdali S, Choudhury P (2020) Real-time learner classification using cognitive score. In: Lee G, Jin Y (eds) Proceedings of 35th International Conference on Computers and Their Applications. CATA 2020. EPiC Series in Computing, vol 69, pp 264\u2013276","DOI":"10.29007\/fn7b"},{"key":"10380_CR4","unstructured":"EF Education First (2020) 3000 most common words in English. EF Education First, January 2020. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.ef.com\/in\/englishresources\/english-vocabulary\/top-3000-words\/. Accessed 14 October 2020"},{"key":"10380_CR5","unstructured":"Flesch R (2005) How to write plain english, 1 May 2005. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160712094308\/http:\/\/www.mang.canterbury.ac.nz\/writing_guide\/writing\/flesch.shtml. Accessed 15 October 2018"},{"key":"10380_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flynn P, Zhou L, Maly K, Zeil S, Zubair M (2007) Automated template-based metadata extraction architecture. In: Goh DHL, Cao TH, S\u00f8lvberg IT, Rasmussen E (eds) Asian digital libraries. Looking back 10 years and forging new frontiers. ICADL 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4822. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 327\u2013336","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-77094-7_42"},{"key":"10380_CR7","unstructured":"IEEE Computer Society (2002) IEEE standard for learning object metadata. IEEE Std 1484.12.1\u20132002:1\u201340"},{"key":"10380_CR8","unstructured":"IEEE Computer Society (2002) 1484.12.1 IEEE standard for learning object. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc, New York"},{"key":"10380_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jebali B, Farhat R (2013) Ontology-based semantic metadata extraction approach. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Software Applications, pp 1\u20135","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEESA.2013.6578408"},{"key":"10380_CR10","unstructured":"Jensen JF (1998) 'Interactivity': tracking a new concept in media and communication studies. Nordicom Rev 19(1):185\u2013204"},{"key":"10380_CR11","unstructured":"Kawtrakul A, Yingsaeree C (2005) A unified framework for automatic metadata extraction from electronic document. In:Proceedings of International Advanced Digital Library Conference, pp 1\u20138"},{"key":"10380_CR12","unstructured":"Laurel BK (1986) Toward the design of a computer-based interactive fantasy system. In: Ph D Thesis. Ohio State University, Ohio"},{"key":"10380_CR13","unstructured":"Laurel B (2013) Computers as theatre. Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing"},{"key":"10380_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marinai S (2009) Metadata extraction from PDF papers for digital library ingest. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, pp 251\u2013255","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2009.232"},{"key":"10380_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mukhopadhyay M, Pal S, Nayyar A, Pramanik PKD, Dasgupta N, Choudhury P (2020) Facial emotion detection to assess learner\u2019s state of mind in an online learning system. In: Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Intelligent Information Technology. ICIIT, vol 2020, pp 107\u2013115","DOI":"10.1145\/3385209.3385231"},{"key":"10380_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nam T-J, Park S, Verlinden J (2009) A model to conceptualize interactivity. Int J Interact Des Manuf (IJIDeM) 3:147\u2013156","DOI":"10.1007\/s12008-009-0069-5"},{"key":"10380_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Othman N, Amiruddinb MH (2010) Different perspectives of learning styles from VARK model. In: Procedia - social and behavioral sciences. Proceedings of International Conference on Learner Diversity, vol 7, pp 652\u2013660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2010.10.088"},{"key":"10380_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pal S, Pramanik PKD, Choudhury P (2019) A step towards smart learning: designing an interactive video-based M-learning system for educational institutes. Int J Web-Based Learn Teach Technol 14(4):26\u201348","DOI":"10.4018\/IJWLTT.2019100102"},{"key":"10380_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pal S, Pramanik PKD, Majumdar T, Choudhury P (2019) A semi-automatic metadata extraction model and method for video-based e-learning contents. Educ Inf Technol 24(6):3243\u20133268","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-019-09926-y"},{"key":"10380_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pal S, Mukhopadhyay M, Pramanik PKD, Choudhury P (2020) Assessing the learning difficulty of text-based learning materials. In: Satapathy S, Bhateja V, Nguyen B, Nguyen N, Le DN (eds) Frontiers in intelligent computing: theory and applications. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1013. Springer, Singapore, pp 275\u2013286","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-32-9186-7_29"},{"key":"10380_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pramanik PKD, Choudhury P, Saha A (2017) Economical supercomputing thru smartphone crowd computing: an assessment of opportunities, benefits, deterrents, and applications from India\u2019s perspective. In: Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems. ICACCS, 2017, pp 1\u20137","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCS.2017.8014613"},{"key":"10380_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pramanik PKD, Sinhababu N, Mukherjee B, Padmanaban S, Maity A, Upadhyaya BK, Holm-Nielsen JB, Choudhury P (2019) Power consumption analysis, measurement, management, and issues: a state-of-the-art review on smartphone battery and energy usage. IEEE Access 7(1):182113\u2013182172","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2958684"},{"key":"10380_CR23","unstructured":"Rafaeli S (1988) Interactivity: From new media to communication. In: Hawkins RP, Wiemann JM, Pingree S (eds) Advancing Communication Science: Merging Mass and Interpersonal Processes. Sage, Newbury Park, pp 110\u2013134"},{"key":"10380_CR24","unstructured":"Rogers EM (1986) Communication technology. The New Media in Society, New York"},{"key":"10380_CR25","unstructured":"Rouse M (2014) Document metadata. TechTarget, August 2014. [Online]. Available: http:\/\/whatis.techtarget.com\/definition\/document-metadata. Accessed 3 July 2018"},{"key":"10380_CR26","unstructured":"Sedig K, Parsons P, Babanski A (2012) Towards a characterization of interactivity in visual analytics. J Multim Process Technol 3(1):12\u201328"},{"key":"10380_CR27","unstructured":"SkillSoft (2018) Expertise level. SkillSoft, 18 January 2018. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/skillsoftscustomercommunit.force.com\/kb\/s\/article\/Expertise-Level. Accessed 11 October 2020"},{"key":"10380_CR28","unstructured":"Steuer J (1995) Defining virtual reality: dimensions determining Telepresence. In: Biocca F, Levy MR (eds) Communication in the age of virtual reality. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale"},{"key":"10380_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang X, Zeng Q, Cui T, Wu Z (2010) Regular expression-based reference metadata extraction from the web. In: Proceedings of IEEE 2nd Symposium on Web Society, pp 346\u2013350","DOI":"10.1109\/SWS.2010.5607427"},{"key":"10380_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yilmazel O, Finneran CM, Liddy ED (2004) MetaExtract: an NLP system to automatically assign metadata. In: Proceedings of Joint ACM\/IEEE Conference on Digital Libraries, pp 241\u2013242","DOI":"10.1145\/996350.996405"},{"key":"10380_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Yu Z, Liu L, Guo J, Mao C (2012) Semi-supervised expert metadata extraction based on co-training style. In: Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, pp 1344\u20131347","DOI":"10.1109\/FSKD.2012.6234139"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-020-10380-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-020-10380-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-020-10380-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]],"date-time":"2021-07-05T04:26:18Z","timestamp":1625459178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-020-10380-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10380"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-020-10380-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1380-7501","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 January 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 October 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 April 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}