{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T05:39:27Z","timestamp":1775885967562,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52078324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52078324"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51778400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51778400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Major Research on Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education of China","award":["18JZD059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18JZD059"]}]},{"name":"Major Research on Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education of China","award":["19JZD056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19JZD056"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Visual expression is increasingly used in historical research due to its intuitiveness and distinctness. However, most of the common research contents focus on the spatial concept, but lack the visualization analysis of the attribute characteristics of the research elements. In order to achieve this goal, based on a case study of the coastal military defense system in Ming Dynasty, the Geographic Information System (GIS) platform was adopted to reconstruct the historical map and its spatial data were extracted. On this foundation, the attribute characteristics of the military settlements, accessibility, was quantified by constructing a hierarchy evaluation model, and then the results were projected into the spatial geographic coordinates to realize the visualization of the accessibility of the military settlements in Ming Dynasty. The results showed that the combined method of quantification and visualization not only enabled more comprehensive and intuitive display of historical information, but also promoted data extraction and correlation analysis, creating a possibly for more in-depth future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-021-11030-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T19:02:58Z","timestamp":1621278178000},"page":"4735-4751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Information visualization analysis based on historical data"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Yukun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lifeng","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"11030_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1559\/15230406394219","volume":"39","author":"E Bentley","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bentley E (2012) A historical atlas in narrative form. Cartographic and Geographic Information Science 39(4):219\u2013231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1559\/15230406394219","journal-title":"Cartographic and Geographic Information Science"},{"key":"11030_CR2","first-page":"138","volume":"02","author":"Y Cao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cao Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H (2014) GIS-based road rehabilitation of the map on the Datong zone of the Great Wall defense system in Ming dynasty. Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei 02:138\u2013144","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei"},{"issue":"4","key":"11030_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.2307\/1931034","volume":"35","author":"PJ Clark","year":"1954","unstructured":"Clark PJ, Evans FC (1954) Distance to nearest neighbor as a measure of spatial relationships in populations. Ecology 35(4):445\u2013453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1931034","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"11030_CR4","first-page":"44","volume":"03","author":"Z Fan","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fan Z (1990) Research on coastal defense in Ming dynasty. Hist Res 03:44\u201354","journal-title":"Hist Res"},{"key":"11030_CR5","first-page":"304","volume":"04","author":"S Gong","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gong S (1993) A preliminary study on variations of the distribution of Zhang-disease. Acta Geograph Sin 04:304\u2013316","journal-title":"Acta Geograph Sin"},{"issue":"2","key":"11030_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/19475683.2012.668559","volume":"18","author":"WW Guan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guan WW, Bol PK et al (2012) WorldMap - a geospatial framework for collaborative research. Ann GIS 18(2):121\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19475683.2012.668559","journal-title":"Ann GIS"},{"key":"11030_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/01944365908978307","volume":"25","author":"WG Hansen","year":"1959","unstructured":"Hansen WG (1959) How accessibility shapes land use. Journal of American Institute of Planners 25:73\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01944365908978307","journal-title":"Journal of American Institute of Planners"},{"key":"11030_CR8","volume-title":"Population atlas of China","author":"Institute of Geographical Sciences","year":"1987","unstructured":"Institute of Geographical Sciences (1987) Population atlas of China. China Statistics Press, Beijing"},{"key":"11030_CR9","first-page":"97","volume":"02","author":"C Lin","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lin C (1981) On the nature of geography. Sci Geogr Sin 02:97\u2013104","journal-title":"Sci Geogr Sin"},{"key":"11030_CR10","first-page":"108","volume":"S1","author":"J Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu J, Zhang Y, Cao Y (2013) Study on the defense system of Ming\u2019s Great Wall based on the reachable domain. Journal of Architecture S1:108\u2013111","journal-title":"Journal of Architecture"},{"key":"11030_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195085754.001.0001","volume-title":"Anthropology, space, and geographic information systems","author":"M Oldenderfer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Oldenderfer M, Maschner HDG (1996) Anthropology, space, and geographic information systems. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"key":"11030_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1006\/jhge.1997.0065","volume":"23","author":"E Pawson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pawson E (1997) The New Zealand historical atlas. J Hist Geogr 23:496\u2013499","journal-title":"J Hist Geogr"},{"issue":"1","key":"11030_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1559\/152304008783475661","volume":"35","author":"MW Pearce","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pearce MW (2008) Framing the days: place and narrative in cartography. Cartogr Geogr Inf Sci 35(1):17\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1559\/152304008783475661","journal-title":"Cartogr Geogr Inf Sci"},{"key":"11030_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Piatti B, B\u00e4r HR, Reuschel AK, Hurni L, Cartwright W (2009) Mapping literature: towards a geography of fiction. In: Cartography and Art. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-68569-2_15","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68569-2_15"},{"key":"11030_CR15","volume-title":"The historial atlas of Xi\u2019an","author":"H Shi","year":"1996","unstructured":"Shi H (1996) The historial atlas of Xi\u2019an. Xi\u2019an Maps Press, Xi\u2019an"},{"key":"11030_CR16","first-page":"005","volume":"04-03","author":"Y Shi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shi Y (2018) Wind and rain are far away, beacons of vicissitudes are near. Zhoushan Daily 04-03:005","journal-title":"Zhoushan Daily"},{"key":"11030_CR17","volume-title":"Computers, visualization, and history: how new technology will transform our understanding of the past","author":"DJ Staley","year":"2002","unstructured":"Staley DJ (2002) Computers, visualization, and history: how new technology will transform our understanding of the past. M.E. Sharpe, New York"},{"key":"11030_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3200\/HMTS.40.2.76-91","volume":"40","author":"M St-Hilaire","year":"2007","unstructured":"St-Hilaire M, Moldofsky B, Richard L, Beaudry M (2007) Geocoding and mapping historical census data:the geographical component of the Canadian century research infrastructure. Historical Methods 40:76\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3200\/HMTS.40.2.76-91","journal-title":"Historical Methods"},{"key":"11030_CR19","volume-title":"The historical atlas of China","author":"Q Tan","year":"1982","unstructured":"Tan Q (1982) The historical atlas of China. Sino Maps Press, Beijing"},{"key":"11030_CR20","first-page":"92","volume":"42","author":"L Tan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tan L, Zhang Y, Lin Z (2018) Study on the spatial distribution of the post - delivery system in the Ming Dynasty. City Planning Review 42:92\u201396+140","journal-title":"City Planning Review"},{"key":"11030_CR21","volume-title":"Research on the relationship between the Great Wall of Datong Zhen in the Ming dynasty and natural geographical environment","author":"T Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang T (2010) Research on the relationship between the Great Wall of Datong Zhen in the Ming dynasty and natural geographical environment. Southeast University, Dissertation"},{"key":"11030_CR22","first-page":"28","volume":"05","author":"Z Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang Z (2017) Historical spatial data visualization and economic history study. Researches In Chinese Economic History 05:28\u201344+57","journal-title":"Researches In Chinese Economic History"},{"key":"11030_CR23","first-page":"608","volume":"35","author":"J Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang J, Li M, Liu Y et al (2015) Visual expression of temporal and spatial evolution of historical events in the Nansha Islands. Sci Geogr Sin 35:608\u2013614","journal-title":"Sci Geogr Sin"},{"key":"11030_CR24","volume-title":"The historical atlas of counter-Japanese war","author":"Y Wu","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wu Y (1995) The historical atlas of counter-Japanese war. Sino Maps Press, Beijing"},{"key":"11030_CR25","volume-title":"Research on the post station in Ming dynasty","author":"Z Yang","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yang Z (1994) Research on the post station in Ming dynasty. Shanghai Ancient Books Press, Shanghai"},{"key":"11030_CR26","volume-title":"Study on the defense efficiency of the coastal defense military settlements in the Ming dynasty","author":"Z Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang Z (2020) Study on the defense efficiency of the coastal defense military settlements in the Ming dynasty. Tianjin University, Tianjin"},{"key":"11030_CR27","volume-title":"Studies on the coastal defense forts system of the Ming dynasty","author":"Z Yin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yin Z (2016) Studies on the coastal defense forts system of the Ming dynasty. Tianjin University, Dissertation"},{"key":"11030_CR28","unstructured":"Zhang S (1560) Ningbo annals of Jiajing period."},{"key":"11030_CR29","volume-title":"Research on coastal defense of Ming and Qing dynasties in Ningbo","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang Y (2012) Research on coastal defense of Ming and Qing dynasties in Ningbo. Ningbo Publishing House, Ningbo"},{"key":"11030_CR30","volume-title":"Chou Hai Tu Bian","author":"R Zheng","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zheng R (2007) Chou Hai Tu Bian. Zhonghua Book Company, Beijing"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-021-11030-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-021-11030-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-021-11030-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]],"date-time":"2022-02-22T06:12:37Z","timestamp":1645510357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-021-11030-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["11030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-021-11030-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1380-7501","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 December 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 April 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 May 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}