{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T22:33:27Z","timestamp":1777415607374,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,13]],"date-time":"2023-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,13]],"date-time":"2023-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-15528-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T11:45:40Z","timestamp":1684151140000},"page":"149-171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Improved whale optimization variants for SLA-compliant placement of virtual machines in cloud data centers"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Shikha","family":"Mehta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parmeet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2262-0721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parul","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"15528_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2015.02.002","volume":"52","author":"RW Ahmad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmad RW, Gani A, Hamid SHA, Shiraz M, Yousafzai A, Xia F (2015) A survey on virtual machine migration and server consolidation frame-works for cloud data centers. J Netw Comput Appl 52:11\u201325","journal-title":"J Netw Comput Appl"},{"key":"15528_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.11.029","volume":"120","author":"F Alharbi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alharbi F, Tian YC, Tang M, Zhang WZ, Peng C, Fei M (2019) An ant colony system for energy-efficient dynamic virtual machine placement indata centers. Expert Syst Appl 120:228\u2013238","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"15528_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/17445760.2017.1278601","volume":"33","author":"A Ashraf","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ashraf A, Porres I (2018) Multi-objective dynamic virtual machine consolidation in the cloud using ant colony system. Int J Parallel Emergent Distrib Syst 33(1):103\u2013120","journal-title":"Int J Parallel Emergent Distrib Syst"},{"key":"15528_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3421","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-020-03096-0","volume":"23","author":"S Azizi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Azizi S, Zandsalimi M, Li D (2020) An energy-efficient algorithm for virtual machine placement optimization in cloud data centers. Cluster Comput 23:3421\u20133434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10586-020-03096-0","journal-title":"Cluster Comput"},{"key":"15528_CR5","volume-title":"A comparison of ranking methods for classification algorithm selection. European conference on machine learning","author":"PB Brazdil","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brazdil PB, Soares C (2000) A comparison of ranking methods for classification algorithm selection. European conference on machine learning. Springer, Berlin"},{"key":"15528_CR6","unstructured":"Buyya R, Beloglazov A, Abawajy J (2010) Energy-efficient management of data center resources for cloud computing: a vision, architectural elements, and open challenges. arXiv preprint arXiv:1006.0308"},{"key":"15528_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Caviglione L, Gaggero M, Paolucci M et al (2021) Deep reinforcement learning for multi-objective placement of virtual machines in cloud datacenters. Soft Comput. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00500-020-05462-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-020-05462-x"},{"key":"15528_CR8","volume-title":"Multi-objective optimization using evolutionary algorithms","author":"K Deb","year":"2001","unstructured":"Deb K (2001) Multi-objective optimization using evolutionary algorithms. Wiley, New York"},{"key":"15528_CR9","unstructured":"Dignan L (2019) Top cloud providers 2019: AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud; IBM makes hybrid move; Salesforce dominates SaaS, https:\/\/www.zdnet.com\/article\/top-cloud-providers-2019-aws-microsoft-azure-google-cloud-ibm-makes-hybrid-move-salesforce-dominates-saas\/. Accessed on 25 Sept 2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"15528_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-016-0502-z","volume":"11","author":"W Ding","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ding W, Gu C, Luo F et al (2018) DFA-VMP: an efficient and secure virtual machine placement strategy under cloud environment. Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl 11(2):318\u2013333","journal-title":"Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl"},{"key":"15528_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"El Motaki S, Yahyaouy A, Gualous H, Sabor J (2019) Comparative study between exact and metaheuristic approaches for virtual machine placement process as knapsack problem. J Supercomput. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11227-019-02847-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-019-02847-0"},{"issue":"8","key":"15528_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcss.2013.02.004","volume":"79","author":"Y Gao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gao Y, Guan H, Qi Z, Hou Y, Liu L (2013) A multi-objective ant colony system algorithm for virtual machine placement in cloud computing. J Comput Syst Sci 79(8):1230\u20131242","journal-title":"J Comput Syst Sci"},{"key":"15528_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-34041-3_18","volume-title":"International conference on information computing and applications","author":"L Guo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guo L, He Z, Zhao S, Zhang N, Wang J, Jiang C (2012) Multi-objective optimization for data placement strategy in cloud computing. In: International conference on information computing and applications. Springer, Berlin, pp 119\u2013126"},{"key":"15528_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2016.11.003","volume":"101","author":"P Jaggi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jaggi P, Mehta S (2016) Resource provisioning and work flow scheduling in clouds using augmented shuffled frog leaping algorithm. J Parallel Distrib Comput 101:41\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpdc.2016.11.003","journal-title":"J Parallel Distrib Comput"},{"key":"15528_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5086633","volume":"2061","author":"P Kaur","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaur P, Mehta S (2019) Efficient computation offloading using grey wolf optimization algorithm. AIP Conf Proc 2061:020011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.5086633","journal-title":"AIP Conf Proc"},{"issue":"2","key":"15528_CR16","first-page":"377","volume":"20","author":"A Kaur","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaur A, Gupta P, Singh M, Nayyar A (2019) Data placement in era of cloud computing: a survey, taxonomy and open research issues. Scalable Comput 20(2):377\u2013398","journal-title":"Scalable Comput"},{"key":"15528_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNN.1995.488968","volume-title":"Proceedings of ICNN'95-international conference on neural networks","author":"J Kennedy","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kennedy J, Eberhart R (1995) Particle swarm optimization. In: Proceedings of ICNN'95-international conference on neural networks, vol 4. IEEE, pp 1942\u20131948"},{"key":"15528_CR18","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Wavelet active media technology and information processing (ICCWAMTIP), 2015 12th international computer conference on","author":"XK Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li XK, Gu CH, Yang ZP, Chang YH (2015) December. Virtual machine placement strategy based on discrete firefly algorithm in cloud environments. In: Wavelet active media technology and information processing (ICCWAMTIP), 2015 12th international computer conference on. IEEE, pp 61\u201366"},{"key":"15528_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2017.09.075","volume":"80","author":"Z Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li Z, Yan C, Yu L, Yu X (2018) Energy-aware and multi-resource overload probability constraint-based virtual machine dynamic consolidation method. Futur Gener Comput Syst 80:139\u2013156","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"15528_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6168","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2695498","volume":"5","author":"Y Ling","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ling Y, Zhou Y, Luo Q (2017) L\u00e9vy flight trajectory-based whale optimization algorithm for global optimization. IEEE Access 5:6168\u20136186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2695498","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"15528_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSESS.2014.6933561","volume-title":"2014 IEEE 5th international conference on software engineering and service science","author":"C Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu C, Shen C, Li S, Wang S (2014) A new evolutionary multi-objective algorithm to virtual machine placement in virtualized data center. In: 2014 IEEE 5th international conference on software engineering and service science. IEEE, pp 272\u2013275"},{"key":"15528_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Pires F, Bar\u00e1n B (2013) Multi-objective virtual machine placement with service level agreement: a memetic algorithm approach. In: Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE\/ACM 6th international conference on utility and cloud computing. IEEE Computer Society, pp 203\u2013210","DOI":"10.1109\/UCC.2013.44"},{"key":"15528_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-5026-8_12","volume-title":"Research advances in cloud computing","author":"F L\u00f3pez-Pires","year":"2017","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Pires F, Bar\u00e1n B (2017) Many-objective optimization for virtual machine placement in cloud computing. In: Research advances in cloud computing. Springer, Singapore, pp 291\u2013326"},{"key":"15528_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23043","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2816983","volume":"6","author":"J Luo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luo J, Song W, Yin L (2018) Reliable virtual machine placement based on multi-objective optimization with traffic-aware algorithm in indus- trial cloud. IEEE Access 6:23043\u201323052","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"15528_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mafarja M, Mirjalili S (2017) Hybrid whale optimization algorithm with simulated annealing for feature selection. Neurocomputing. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neucom.2017.04.053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2017.04.053"},{"key":"15528_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOMW.2014.7063415","volume-title":"2014 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","author":"M Malekloo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Malekloo M, Kara N (2014) Multi-objective ACO virtual machine placement in cloud computing environments. In: 2014 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps). IEEE, pp 112\u2013116"},{"key":"15528_CR27","first-page":"9","volume":"17","author":"MH Malekloo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Malekloo MH, Kara N, El Barachi M (2018) An energy efficient and SLA compliant approach for resource allocation and consolidation in cloud computing environments. Sustain Comput 17:9\u201324","journal-title":"Sustain Comput"},{"key":"15528_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1950023","DOI":"10.1142\/S1469026819500238","volume":"18","author":"S Mehta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mehta S, Kaur P (2019) Efficient computation offloading in Mobile cloud computing with nature-inspired algorithms. Int J Comput Intell Appl 18:1950023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/S1469026819500238","journal-title":"Int J Comput Intell Appl"},{"key":"15528_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2016.01.008","volume":"95","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Lewis A (2016) The whale optimization algorithm. Adv Eng Softw 95:51\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2016.01.008","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"key":"15528_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2013.12.007","volume":"69","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Mirjalili SM, Lewis A (2014) Grey wolf optimizer. Adv Eng Softw 69:46\u201361","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"key":"15528_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2017.07.002","volume":"114","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Gandomi AH, Mirjalili SZ, Saremi S, Faris H, Mirjalili SM (2017) Salp swarm algorithm: a bio-inspired optimizer for engineering design problems. Adv Eng Softw 114:163\u2013191","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"key":"15528_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammed HM, Umar SU, Rashid TA (2019) A systematic and meta-analysis survey of whale optimization algorithm. Computational intelligence and neuroscience, 2019","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8718571"},{"issue":"3","key":"15528_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1109\/MIC.2020.2987739","volume":"24","author":"S Nastic","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nastic S, Morichetta A, Pusztai T, Dustdar S, Ding X, Vij D, Xiong Y (2020) SLOC: service level objectives for next generation cloud computing. IEEE Internet Comput 24(3):39\u201350","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"15528_CR34","first-page":"319","volume":"1","author":"NMN Pham","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pham NMN, Le VS (2017) Applying ant colony system algorithm in multi-objective resource allocation for virtual services. J Inf Telecommun 1(4):319\u2013333","journal-title":"J Inf Telecommun"},{"key":"15528_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2370","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-020-01633-3","volume":"50","author":"Y Qin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qin Y, Wang H, Yi S, Li X, Zhai L (2020) Virtual machine placement based on multi-objective reinforcement learning. Appl Intell 50:2370\u20132383","journal-title":"Appl Intell"},{"key":"15528_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZ-IEEE.2016.7737833","volume-title":"Fuzzy systems (FUZZ-IEEE), 2016 IEEE international conference on","author":"F Ramezani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ramezani F, Naderpour M, Lu J (2016) A multi-objective optimization model for virtual machine mapping in cloud data centres. In: Fuzzy systems (FUZZ-IEEE), 2016 IEEE international conference on, pp 1259\u20131265"},{"key":"15528_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rana N, Shafie AL, Abdulhamid S\u2019i, Chiroma H (2020) Whale optimization algorithm: a systematic review of contemporary applications, modifications and developments. Neural Comput & Applic. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-020-04849-z","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-04849-z"},{"issue":"11","key":"15528_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9653","DOI":"10.1007\/s13369-019-04016-0","volume":"44","author":"R Salgotra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Salgotra R, Singh U, Saha S (2019) On some improved versions of whale optimization algorithm. Arab J Sci Eng 44(11):9653\u20139691","journal-title":"Arab J Sci Eng"},{"key":"15528_CR39","volume-title":"Evolutionary optimization algorithms","author":"D Simon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Simon D (2013) Evolutionary optimization algorithms. Wiley, Hoboken"},{"key":"15528_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2018.09.037","volume":"91","author":"G Sun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sun G, Li Y, Hongfang Y, Vasilakos AV, Xiaojiang D, Guizani M (2019) Energy-efficient and traffic-aware service function chaining orchestration in multi-domain networks. Futur Gener Comput Syst 91:347\u2013360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.future.2018.09.037","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"15528_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan M, Chi C, Zhang J, Zhao S, Li G, L\u00fc S (2017) An energy-aware virtual machine placement algorithm in cloud data center. In: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on intelligent information processing, pp 1\u20139","DOI":"10.1145\/3144789.3144792"},{"issue":"2","key":"15528_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2015.2458273","volume":"11","author":"A Varasteh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Varasteh A, Goudarzi M (2017) Server consolidation techniques in virtualized data centers: a survey. IEEE Syst J 11(2):772\u2013783","journal-title":"IEEE Syst J"},{"key":"15528_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1109\/NAS.2013.54","volume-title":"2013 IEEE eighth international conference on networking, architecture and storage","author":"S Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang S, Gu H, Wu G (2013) A new approach to multi-objective virtual machine placement in virtualized data center. In: 2013 IEEE eighth international conference on networking, architecture and storage. IEEE, pp 331\u2013335"},{"key":"15528_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2013.12.004","volume":"36","author":"X Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang X, Wang Y, Cui Y (2014) A new multi-objective bi-level programming model for energy and locality aware multi-job scheduling in cloud computing. Futur Gener Comput Syst 36:91\u2013101","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"15528_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1109\/GreenCom-CPSCom.2010.137","volume-title":"2010 IEEE\/ACM int'l conference on green computing and communications & int'l conference on cyber, physical and social computing","author":"J Xu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Xu J, Fortes JA (2010) Multi-objective virtual machine placement in virtualized data center environments. In: 2010 IEEE\/ACM int'l conference on green computing and communications & int'l conference on cyber, physical and social computing. IEEE, pp 179\u2013188"},{"issue":"8","key":"15528_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-014-1406-6","volume":"19","author":"B Xu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xu B, Peng Z, Xiao F, Gates AM, Yu JP (2015) Dynamic deployment of virtual machines in cloud computing using multi-objective optimization. Soft Comput 19(8):2265\u20132273","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"15528_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03391585","volume":"1","author":"L Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhu L, Ji W (2016) Towards energy efficient cloud: an optimized ant colony model for virtual machine placement. J Commun Inf Netw 1(4):116\u2013132","journal-title":"J Commun Inf Netw"},{"key":"15528_CR48","first-page":"687","volume-title":"Cluster, cloud and grid computing (CCGrid), 2015 15th IEEE\/ACM international symposium on","author":"Q Zheng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zheng Q, Li R, Li X, Wu J (2015) A multi-objective biogeography-based optimization for virtual machine placement. In: Cluster, cloud and grid computing (CCGrid), 2015 15th IEEE\/ACM international symposium on. IEEE, pp 687\u2013696"},{"key":"15528_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2015.02.010","volume":"54","author":"Q Zheng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zheng Q, Li R, Li X et al (2016) Virtual machine consolidated placement based on multi-objective biogeography-based optimization. Futur Gener Comput Syst 54:95\u2013122","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-023-15528-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-023-15528-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-023-15528-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T08:43:09Z","timestamp":1704184989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-023-15528-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,13]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["15528"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-023-15528-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1380-7501","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 October 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 April 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2023","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors declare that he\/she has no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.The datasets generated during and\/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}