{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:47:24Z","timestamp":1765889244540,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"25","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-024-18193-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T05:03:11Z","timestamp":1706072591000},"page":"66691-66723","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Classifying victim degree of injury in road traffic accidents: a novel stacked DCL-X approach"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1682-1076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Insha","family":"Altaf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Kaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"18193_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0248171","volume":"17","author":"K Bucsuh\u00e1zy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bucsuh\u00e1zy K, Zvala R, Valentov\u00e1 V, Ambros J (2022) Factors related to severe single-vehicle tree crashes: in-depth crash study. PLoS ONE 17(1):e0248171","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"18193_CR2","first-page":"665","volume":"42","author":"A Agarwal","year":"1994","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Wadhwa S, Chandra S (1994) Xgboost a scalable tree boosting system. J Assoc Physicians India 42(8):665","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"issue":"3","key":"18193_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2007.11.010","volume":"40","author":"N Eluru","year":"2008","unstructured":"Eluru N, Bhat CR, Hensher DA (2008) A mixed generalized ordered response model for examining pedestrian and bicyclist injury severity level in traffic crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention 40(3):1033\u20131054","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"5","key":"18193_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.03.026","volume":"43","author":"F Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen F, Chen S (2011) Injury severities of truck drivers in single-and multi-vehicle accidents on rural highways. Accident Analysis & Prevention 43(5):1677\u20131688","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"18193_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-152","volume":"7","author":"Z Fatmi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fatmi Z, Hadden WC, Razzak JA, Qureshi HI, Hyder AA, Pappas G (2007) Incidence, patterns and severity of reported unintentional injuries in pakistan for persons five years and older: results of the national health survey of pakistan 1990\u201394. BMC Public Health 7:1\u20137","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"18193_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.02.028","volume":"97","author":"AA Heidari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heidari AA, Mirjalili S, Faris H, Aljarah I, Mafarja M, Chen H (2019) Harris hawks optimization: algorithm and applications. Futur Gener Comput Syst 97:849\u2013872","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"18193_CR7","unstructured":"Curtin SC, Heron MP (2019) Death rates due to suicide and homicide among persons aged 10\u201324: United States, 2000\u2013 2017"},{"key":"18193_CR8","volume-title":"Reporting on serious road traffic casualties: combining and using different data sources to improve understanding of non-fatal road traffic crashes","author":"IT Forum","year":"2013","unstructured":"Forum IT (2013) Reporting on serious road traffic casualties: combining and using different data sources to improve understanding of non-fatal road traffic crashes. IRTAD, International traffic safety data and analysis group"},{"issue":"2","key":"18193_CR9","first-page":"85","volume":"28","author":"N Jha","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jha N, Srinivasa D, Roy G, Jagdish S (2003) Injury pattern among road traffic accident cases: a study from south india. Indian Journal of CommunityMedicine 28(2):85","journal-title":"Indian Journal of CommunityMedicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"18193_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2012.05.003","volume":"43","author":"S Kaplan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kaplan S, Prato CG (2012) Risk factors associated with bus accident severity in the united states: a generalized ordered logit model. J Safety Res 43(3):171\u2013180","journal-title":"J Safety Res"},{"key":"18193_CR11","unstructured":"Kim W, Kelley-Baker T, Arbelaez R, O\u2019Malley S, Jensen J (2021) Impact of speeds on drivers and vehicles-results from crash tests"},{"issue":"4","key":"18193_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2005.03.019","volume":"37","author":"C Lee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lee C, Abdel-Aty M (2005) Comprehensive analysis of vehicle-pedestrian crashes at intersections in florida. Accident Analysis & Prevention 37(4):775\u2013786","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"18193_CR13","unstructured":"Lu J, Dissanayake S, Zhou H, Yang X, Williams K et\u00a0al (2001) Operational evaluation of right turns followed by u-turns as an alternative to direct left turns, vol 3"},{"key":"18193_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Srinivasu PN, Ijaz MF, Shafi J, Wo\u017aniak M, Sujatha R (2022) 6g driven fast computational networking framework for healthcare applications. IEEE Access 10(94):235\u201394 248","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3203061"},{"issue":"1","key":"18193_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2007.06.006","volume":"40","author":"JC Milton","year":"2008","unstructured":"Milton JC, Shankar VN, Mannering FL (2008) Highway accident severities and the mixed logit model: an exploratory empirical analysis. Accident Analysis & Prevention 40(1):260\u2013266","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"5","key":"18193_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.04.024","volume":"43","author":"A Morgan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Morgan A, Mannering FL (2011) The effects of road-surface conditions, age, and gender on driver-injury severities. Accident Analysis & Prevention 43(5):1852\u20131863","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"3","key":"18193_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580802040311","volume":"9","author":"K Obeng","year":"2008","unstructured":"Obeng K (2008) Injury severity, vehicle safety features, and intersection crashes. Traffic Inj Prev 9(3):268\u2013276","journal-title":"Traffic Inj Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"18193_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580802496968","volume":"10","author":"F Oginni","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oginni F, Ajike S, Obuekwe O, Fasola O (2009) A prospective multicenter study of injury profile, severity and risk factors in 221 motorcycle-injured nigerian maxillofacial patients. Traffic Inj Prev 10(1):70\u201375","journal-title":"Traffic Inj Prev"},{"issue":"6","key":"18193_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e272","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(19)30074-X","volume":"4","author":"J Passmore","year":"2019","unstructured":"Passmore J, Yon Y, Mikkelsen B (2019) Progress in reducing road-traffic injuries in the who european region. The Lancet Public Health 4(6):e272\u2013e273","journal-title":"The Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"18193_CR20","volume-title":"World report on road traffic injury prevention","author":"M Peden","year":"2004","unstructured":"Peden M, Scurfield R, Sleet D, Mathers C, Jarawan E, Hyder A, Mohan D, Hyder A, Jarawan E (2004) World report on road traffic injury prevention. World Health Organization"},{"key":"18193_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petinrin OO, Saeed F (2019) Stacked ensemble for bioactive molecule prediction. IEEE Access 7:153 952-153 957","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2945422"},{"issue":"6","key":"18193_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(90)90027-I","volume":"22","author":"R Pitt","year":"1990","unstructured":"Pitt R, Guyer B, Hsieh C-C, Malek M (1990) The severity of pedestrian injuries in children: an analysis of the pedestrian injury causation study. Accident Analysis & Prevention 22(6):549\u2013559","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"11","key":"18193_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8655(94)90127-9","volume":"15","author":"P Pudil","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pudil P, Novovi\u010dov\u00e1 J, Kittler J (1994) Floating search methods in feature selection. Pattern Recogn Lett 15(11):1119\u20131125","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn Lett"},{"issue":"4","key":"18193_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4375(02)00051-8","volume":"33","author":"MA Quddus","year":"2002","unstructured":"Quddus MA, Noland RB, Chin HC (2002) An analysis of motorcycle injury and vehicle damage severity using ordered probit models. J Safety Res 33(4):445\u2013462","journal-title":"J Safety Res"},{"key":"18193_CR25","volume":"86","author":"MHDM Ribeiro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ribeiro MHDM, dos Santos Coelho L (2020) Ensemble approach based on bagging, boosting and stacking for short-term prediction in agribusiness time series. Appl Soft Comput 86:105837","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"18193_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.3141\/1674-11","volume":"1674","author":"JR Klop","year":"1999","unstructured":"Klop JR, Khattak AJ (1999) Factors influencing bicycle crash severity on two-lane, undivided roadways in north carolina. Transp Res Rec 1674(1):78\u201385","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"issue":"4","key":"18193_CR27","volume":"8","author":"O Sagi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sagi O, Rokach L (2018) Ensemble learning: a survey. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: DataMining and Knowledge Discovery 8(4):e1249","journal-title":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: DataMining and Knowledge Discovery"},{"key":"18193_CR28","unstructured":"Huda F, Sah D, Sharma S (2010) Impact of driver characteristics on the severity of injuries and final outcome of fourwheeler automobile accident victims. The Internet Journal of Surgery"},{"key":"18193_CR29","volume-title":"Global status report on alcohol and health 2018","author":"WH Organization","year":"2019","unstructured":"Organization WH (2019) Global status report on alcohol and health 2018. World Health Organization"},{"issue":"3","key":"18193_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(96)00009-7","volume":"28","author":"V Shankar","year":"1996","unstructured":"Shankar V, Mannering F, Barfield W (1996) Statistical analysis of accident severity on rural freeways. Accident Analysis & Prevention 28(3):391\u2013401","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"18193_CR31","unstructured":"Gude A, Patrol CH (2020) California traffic collision data from switrs. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.kaggle.com\/ dsv\/1671261"},{"issue":"1","key":"18193_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0202240","volume":"14","author":"T Abegaz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abegaz T, Gebremedhin S (2019) Magnitude of road traffic accident related injuries and fatalities in ethiopia. PLoS ONE 14(1):e0202240","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"18193_CR33","first-page":"3","volume":"28","author":"FH Mekonnen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mekonnen FH, Teshager S (2014) Road traffic accident: the neglected health problem in amhara national regional state, ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development 28(1):3\u201310","journal-title":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development"},{"key":"18193_CR34","unstructured":"Beshah T, Hill S (2010) Mining road traffic accident data to improve safety: role of road-related factors on accident severity in ethiopia. In 2010 AAAI Spring symposium series"},{"issue":"7","key":"18193_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.5120\/2896-3788","volume":"23","author":"S Krishnaveni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Krishnaveni S, Hemalatha M (2011) A perspective analysis of traffic accident using data mining techniques. International Journal of Computer Applications 23(7):40\u201348","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Applications"},{"key":"18193_CR36","unstructured":"Shanthi S, Ramani RG (2012) Feature relevance analysis and classification of road traffic accident data through datamining techniques. In: Proceedings of the world congress on engineering and computer science, vol 1. sn, pp 24\u201326"},{"key":"18193_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zong F, Xu H, Zhang H et\u00a0al (2013) Prediction for traffic accident severity: comparing the bayesian network and regression models. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol 2013","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/475194"},{"key":"18193_CR38","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"D Khera","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khera D, Singh W (2015) Prediction and analysis of injury severity in traffic system using data mining techniques. Int J Comput Applic 7:1\u20137","journal-title":"Int J Comput Applic"},{"issue":"5","key":"18193_CR39","first-page":"193","volume":"5","author":"I Aghayan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aghayan I, Hosseinlou MH, Kunt MM (2015) Application of support vector machine for crash injury severity prediction: a model comparison approach. Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism 5(5):193\u2013199","journal-title":"Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism"},{"issue":"2","key":"18193_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1080\/13588265.2015.1122278","volume":"21","author":"Y Castro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Castro Y, Kim YJ (2016) Data mining on road safety: factor assessment on vehicle accidents using classification models. Int J Crashworthiness 21(2):104\u2013111","journal-title":"Int J Crashworthiness"},{"key":"18193_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Turaiki I, Aloumi M, Aloumi N, Alghamdi K (2016) Modeling traffic accidents in saudi arabia using classification techniques. In: 2016 4th Saudi international conference on information technology (Big Data Analysis)(KACSTIT). IEEE, pp 1\u20135","DOI":"10.1109\/KACSTIT.2016.7756072"},{"issue":"3","key":"18193_CR42","first-page":"15","volume":"6","author":"V Gopinath","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gopinath V, Prakash KP, Yallamandha C, Veni GK, Rao DK (2017) Traffic accidents analysis with respect to road users using data mining techniques. International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science 6(3):15\u201320","journal-title":"International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"18193_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1080\/19439962.2016.1152338","volume":"9","author":"M Taamneh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Taamneh M, Alkheder S, Taamneh S (2017) Data-mining techniques for traffic accident modeling and prediction in the united arab emirates. Journal of Transportation Safety & Security 9(2):146\u2013166","journal-title":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security"},{"key":"18193_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2017.01.008","volume":"101","author":"G Prati","year":"2017","unstructured":"Prati G, Pietrantoni L, Fraboni F (2017) Using data mining techniques to predict the severity of bicycle crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention 101:44\u201354","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"18193_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2017.08.008","volume":"108","author":"A Iranitalab","year":"2017","unstructured":"Iranitalab A, Khattak A (2017) Comparison of four statistical and machine learning methods for crash severity prediction. Accident Analysis & Prevention 108:27\u201336","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"6","key":"18193_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.3390\/app7060476","volume":"7","author":"MI Sameen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sameen MI, Pradhan B (2017) Severity prediction of traffic accidents with recurrent neural networks. Appl Sci 7(6):476","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"18193_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1002\/for.2425","volume":"36","author":"S Alkheder","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alkheder S, Taamneh M, Taamneh S (2017) Severity prediction of traffic accident using an artificial neural network. J Forecast 36(1):100\u2013108","journal-title":"J Forecast"},{"key":"18193_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bahiru TK, Singh DK, Tessfaw EA (2018) Comparative study on data mining classification algorithms for predicting road traffic accident severity. In 2018 Second international conference on inventive communication and computational technologies (ICICCT). IEEE, pp 1655\u20131660","DOI":"10.1109\/ICICCT.2018.8473265"},{"issue":"38","key":"18193_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1177\/0361198118794292","volume":"2672","author":"S Mafi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mafi S, AbdelRazig Y, Doczy R (2018) Machine learningmethods to analyze injury severity of drivers from different age and gender groups. Transp Res Rec 2672(38):171\u2013183","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"key":"18193_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.08.025","volume":"120","author":"H Jeong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jeong H, Jang Y, Bowman PJ, Masoud N (2018) Classification of motor vehicle crash injury severity: a hybrid approach for imbalanced data. Accident Analysis & Prevention 120:250\u2013261","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"18193_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41935-018-0066-6","volume":"8","author":"MH Wardhana","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wardhana MH, Hussin B, Bin Hasan Basari AS, Afandi D (2018) Enhanced degree of injury classification model: determination critical indicator and criteria degree of injury from visum et repertum (ver) in pekanbaru, Indonesia. Egypt J Forensic Sci 8:1\u201310","journal-title":"Egypt J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"18193_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2007.03.017","volume":"39","author":"NN Sze","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sze NN, Wong S (2007) Diagnostic analysis of the logistic model for pedestrian injury severity in traffic crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention 39(6):1267\u20131278","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"6","key":"18193_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2019.1622006","volume":"20","author":"M Thomas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thomas M, Riemann B, Jones J (2019) Epidemiology of alcohol and drug screening among pedestrian fatalities in the united states, 2014\u20132016. Traffic Inj Prev 20(6):557\u2013562","journal-title":"Traffic Inj Prev"},{"key":"18193_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toroyan T, Peden MM, Iaych K (2013) Who launches second global status report on road safety","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2013-040775"},{"issue":"4","key":"18193_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpe.13374","volume":"43","author":"SK Vidyarthi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vidyarthi SK, Tiwari R, Singh SK (2020) Stack ensembled model to measure size and mass of almond kernels. J Food Process Eng 43(4):e13374","journal-title":"J Food Process Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"18193_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17041146","volume":"17","author":"J Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang J, Lu H, Sun Z, Wang T (2020) Exploring factors influencing injury severity of vehicle at-fault accidents: a comparative analysis of passenger and freight vehicles. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17(4):1146","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"18193_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(05)80023-1","volume":"5","author":"DH Wolpert","year":"1992","unstructured":"Wolpert DH (1992) Stacked generalization. Neural networks 5(2):241\u2013259","journal-title":"Stacked generalization. Neural networks"},{"key":"18193_CR58","unstructured":"Organization WH et\u00a0al (2018) Global status report on road safety 2018: Summary (no. who\/nmh\/nvi\/18.20). World Health Organization"},{"key":"18193_CR59","first-page":"67","volume-title":"Combination methods","author":"Z-H Zhou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhou Z-H (2012) Combination methods. Foundations and Algorithms, EnsembleMethods, pp 67\u201398"},{"issue":"4","key":"18193_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.021","volume":"43","author":"X Zhu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhu X, Srinivasan S (2011) Modeling occupant-level injury severity: an application to large-truck crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention 43(4):1427\u20131437","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"200","key":"18193_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1937.10503522","volume":"32","author":"M Friedman","year":"1937","unstructured":"Friedman M (1937) The use of ranks to avoid the assumption of normality implicit in the analysis of variance. J Am Stat Assoc 32(200):675\u2013701","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"18193_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bedane TT (2020) Road traffic accident dataset of addis ababa citys. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17632\/xytv86278f.1","DOI":"10.17632\/xytv86278f.1"},{"key":"18193_CR63","unstructured":"Thanasis (2018) Uk road safety: traffic accidents and vehicles. https:\/\/www.kaggle.com\/datasets\/tsiaras\/uk-road-safety-accidents-and-vehicles"},{"key":"18193_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Altaf I, Kaul A (2023) Classifying collisions in road accidents using XGBOOST, CATBOOST and SALP SWARM based optimization algorithms. Multimed Tools Appl. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-023-16969-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-16969-4"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-024-18193-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-024-18193-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-024-18193-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T10:31:41Z","timestamp":1720521101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-024-18193-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"25","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["18193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-024-18193-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-7721"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 June 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 September 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 January 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conficts of interest\/competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Confict of interest"}}]}}