{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T17:57:50Z","timestamp":1774893470664,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"29","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707523200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-024-18459-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T04:20:50Z","timestamp":1707538850000},"page":"72519-72536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Low-light and hazy image enhancement using retinex theory and wavelet transform fusion"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Dheeraj","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Agnesh Chandra","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4054-9781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Praveen Kumar","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"30","key":"18459_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43837","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-022-13215-1","volume":"81","author":"MT Nyo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nyo MT, Mebarek-Oudina F, Hlaing SS, Khan NA (2022) Otsu\u2019s thresholding technique for MRI image brain tumor segmentation. Multimedia Tools appl 81(30):43837\u201343849","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"18459_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1109\/83.557356","volume":"6","author":"DJ Jobson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jobson DJ, Rahman Z, Woodell GA (1996) Properties and performance of a center\/surround retinex. IEEE Trans Image Process 6(3):451\u2013462","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"issue":"9","key":"18459_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3538","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2013.2261309","volume":"22","author":"S Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang S, Zheng J, Hu HM, Li B (2013) Naturalness preserved enhancement algorithm for non-uniform illumination images. IEEE Trans Image Process 22(9):3538\u20133548","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"issue":"4","key":"18459_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03178082","volume":"11","author":"ED Pisano","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pisano ED et al (1998) Contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization image processing to improve the detection of simulated spiculations in dense mammograms. J Digit Imag 11(4):193\u2013200","journal-title":"J Digit Imag"},{"issue":"7","key":"18459_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1109\/83.597272","volume":"6","author":"DJ Jobson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jobson DJ, Rahman Z, Woodell GA (1997) A multi-scale retinex for bridging the gap between colour images and the human observation of scenes. IEEE Trans Image Process 6(7):965\u2013976","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"18459_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rahman Z, Jobson DJ, Woodell GA (1996) Multi-scale retinex for colour image enhancement. In: Proceedings of 3rd IEEE international conference on image processing, 3:1003\u20131006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICIP.1996.560995","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.1996.560995"},{"issue":"8","key":"18459_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-ipr.2014.0437","volume":"9","author":"YH Shin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shin YH, Jeong S, Lee S (2015) Efficient naturalness restoration for non-uniform illumination images. IET Image Process 9(8):662\u2013671","journal-title":"IET Image Process"},{"issue":"6","key":"18459_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2828","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2018.2810539","volume":"27","author":"M Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li M, Liu J, Yang W, Sun X, Guo Z (2018) Structure-revealing low-light image enhancement via robust Retinex model. IEEE Trans Image Process 27(6):2828\u20132841","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"issue":"5","key":"18459_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3733","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-022-03598-z","volume":"25","author":"S Ahmad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmad S, Mehfuz S, Mebarek-Oudina F, Beg J (2022) RSM analysis based cloud access security broker: a systematic literature review. Clust Comput 25(5):3733\u20133763","journal-title":"Clust Comput"},{"issue":"5","key":"18459_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1109\/83.841534","volume":"9","author":"JA Stark","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stark JA (2000) Adaptive image contrast enhancement using generalizations of histogram equalization. IEEE Trans Image Process 9(5):889\u2013896","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"issue":"25","key":"18459_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phpro.2012.03.132","volume":"1","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Huang C (2012) An adaptive histogram equalization algorithm on the image gray level mapping. Phys Procedia 1(25):601\u2013608","journal-title":"Phys Procedia"},{"issue":"4","key":"18459_CR12","first-page":"1172","volume":"34","author":"S Agrawal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Agrawal S, Panda R, Mishro PK, Abraham A (2022) A novel joint histogram equalization-based image contrast enhancement. J King Saud Univ-Comput Inf Sci 34(4):1172\u20131182","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ-Comput Inf Sci"},{"key":"18459_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu Q, Qin M, Song J, Liu L (2021) An improved method of low light image enhancement based on retinex. In: 6th international conference on image, vision and computing (ICIVC), pp 233\u2013241.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICIVC52351.2021.9526994","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIVC52351.2021.9526994"},{"key":"18459_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Parthasarathy S, Sankaran P (2012) An automated multi scale Retinex with colour restoration for image enhancement. In: National conference on communications (NCC), pp 1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/NCC.2012.6176791","DOI":"10.1109\/NCC.2012.6176791"},{"issue":"2","key":"18459_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2016.2639450","volume":"26","author":"X Guo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guo X, Li Y, Ling H (2016) LIME: Low-light image enhancement via illumination map estimation. IEEE Trans Image Process 26(2):982\u2013993","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"18459_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dong X, Pang Y, Wen J (2010) Fast efficient algorithm for enhancement of low lighting video. In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 Posters (SIGGRAPH 10) pp 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1836845.1836920","DOI":"10.1145\/1836845.1836920"},{"issue":"12","key":"18459_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2010.168","volume":"33","author":"K He","year":"2011","unstructured":"He K, Sun J, Tang X (2011) Single image haze removal using dark channel prior. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 33(12):2341\u20132353","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"issue":"11","key":"18459_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5187","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2016.2598681","volume":"25","author":"B Cai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cai B, Xu X, Jia K, Qing C, Tao D (2016) DehazeNet: An End-to-End System for Single Image Haze Removal. IEEE Trans Image Process 25(11):5187\u20135198","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"18459_CR19","first-page":"1","volume":"70","author":"S Singh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Singh S, Gupta D (2021) Detail enhanced feature-level medical image fusion in decorrelating decomposition domain. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 70:1\u20139","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Instrum Meas"},{"key":"18459_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2021.3126366","volume":"70","author":"Y Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang Y, Cao S, Huang S, Wan W (2021) Multimodal medical image fusion based on weighted local energy matching measurement and improved spatial frequency. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 70:1\u201316","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Instrum Meas"},{"issue":"12","key":"18459_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9645","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2020.3005230","volume":"69","author":"H Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li H, Wu X-J, Durrani T (2020) NestFuse: An infrared and visible image fusion architecture based on nest connection and spatial\/channel attention models. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 69(12):9645\u20139656","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Instrum Meas"},{"issue":"4","key":"18459_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2017.2658098","volume":"66","author":"Y Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang Y, Que Y, Huang S, Lin P (2017) Multiple visual features measurement with gradient domain guided filtering for multisensor image fusion. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 66(4):691\u2013703","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Instrum Meas"},{"key":"18459_CR23","unstructured":"Shlens J (2014) A tutorial on principal component analysis. arXiv:1404.1100. http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1404.1100"},{"key":"18459_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tavoli R, Kozegar E, Shojafar M, Soleimani H, Pooranian Z (2013) Weighted PCA for improving document image retrieval system based on keyword spotting accuracy. In: 36th international conference on telecommunications and signal processing (TSP) IEEE, pp 773\u2013777. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSP.2013.6614043","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2013.6614043"},{"key":"18459_CR25","first-page":"1","volume":"70","author":"N Singh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Singh N, Bhandari AK (2021) Principal Component Analysis-Based Low-Light Image Enhancement Using Reflection Model. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 70:1\u201310","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Instrum Meas"},{"issue":"2","key":"18459_CR26","first-page":"116","volume":"3","author":"J Li","year":"1999","unstructured":"Li J, Zhou Y-Q, Li D-R (1999) Fusion of High resolution Panchromatic and Multispectral Images by Using Wavelet Transform. J Remote Sensing 3(2):116\u2013120","journal-title":"J Remote Sensing"},{"issue":"2","key":"18459_CR27","first-page":"138","volume":"25","author":"WANG Zhijun","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zhijun WANG, Deren LI, Qingquan LI (2000) Image Fusion with Wavelets Analysis. J Wuhan Techn Univ Surv Mapp 25(2):138\u2013142","journal-title":"J Wuhan Techn Univ Surv Mapp"},{"key":"18459_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6626232","volume":"2021","author":"NH Abu-Hamdeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abu-Hamdeh NH, Daqrouq K, Mebarek-Oudina F (2021) Simulation and analysis with wavelet transform technique and the vibration characteristics for early revealing of cracks in structures. Math Probl Eng 2021:1\u20136","journal-title":"Math Probl Eng"},{"issue":"72","key":"18459_CR29","first-page":"1","volume":"28","author":"Z Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou Z, Shi Z, Ren W (2022Dec) Linear contrast enhancement network for low-illumination image enhancement. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 28(72):1\u20136","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Instrum Meas"},{"issue":"11","key":"18459_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7403","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2022.3186880","volume":"32","author":"GD Fan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fan GD, Fan B, Gan M, Chen GY, Chen CP (2022) Multiscale low-light image enhancement network with illumination constraint. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol 32(11):7403\u20137417","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol"},{"issue":"8","key":"18459_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4983","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2022.3141578","volume":"32","author":"K Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu K, Chen H, Xu C, Jin Y, Zhu C (2022Jan 7) Structure-texture aware network for low-light image enhancement. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol 32(8):4983\u20134996","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol"},{"key":"18459_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Elad M (2005) Retinex by two bilateral filters. In: Kimmel R, Sochen NA, Weickert J (eds)   Scale space and PDE methods in computer vision. Scale-Space 2005. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 3459. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11408031_19","DOI":"10.1007\/11408031_19"},{"key":"18459_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tan R (2008) Visibility in bad weather from a single image. In: IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp 1\u2013 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587643","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587643"},{"key":"18459_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Narasimhan SG, Nayar SK (2000) Chromatic framework for vision in bad weather. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), 1:598\u2013605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CVPR.2000.855874","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2000.855874"},{"key":"18459_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fattal R (2008) Single image dehazing. ACM Trans Graph 79(3):1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1360612.1360671","DOI":"10.1145\/1360612.1360671"},{"issue":"4","key":"18459_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2007.4429280","volume":"53","author":"H Ibrahim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ibrahim H, Pik Kong NS (2007) Brightness Preserving Dynamic Histogram Equalization for Image Contrast Enhancement. IEEE Trans Consum Electron 53(4):1752\u20131758","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Consum Electron"},{"key":"18459_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fu X et al (2016) A weighted variational model for simultaneous reflectance and illumination estimation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), pp 2782\u20132790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CVPR.2016.304","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.304"},{"issue":"2","key":"18459_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2013.2293423","volume":"23","author":"W Xue","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xue W, Zhang L, Mou X, Bovik AC (2014) Gradient Magnitude Similarity Deviation: A Highly Efficient Perceptual Image Quality Index. IEEE Trans Image Process 23(2):684\u2013695","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"18459_CR39","unstructured":"\u201cExclusively Dark Image Dataset.\u201d [Online]. Available: https:\/\/github.com\/cs-chan\/Exclusively-Dark-ImageDataset (Accessed: Sep. 17, 2021)."},{"issue":"2","key":"18459_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2017.2740025","volume":"20","author":"Y Gao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gao Y, Hu H, Li B, Guo Q (2018) Naturalness Preserved Nonuniform Illumination Estimation for Image Enhancement Based on Retinex. IEEE Trans Multimedia 20(2):335\u2013344","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Multimedia"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-024-18459-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-024-18459-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-024-18459-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T13:25:31Z","timestamp":1725283531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-024-18459-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"29","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["18459"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-024-18459-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-7721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 February 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 November 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 January 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}}]}}