{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T23:38:20Z","timestamp":1780357100216,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"37","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61960206007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61960206007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-025-20972-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T04:59:54Z","timestamp":1750136394000},"page":"45953-45976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Enhancing dynamic hand gesture recognition through the HMM-LRB\/LR algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0584-3767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aamrah","family":"Ikram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"20972_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lamberti L, Camastra F (2011) Real-time hand gesture recognition using a color glove. In: Image analysis and processing\u2013ICIAP 2011: 16th international conference, Ravenna, Italy, September 14-16, 2011, Proceedings, Part I, vol 16. Springer, pp 365\u2013373","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24085-0_38"},{"key":"20972_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pugeault N, Bowden R (2011) Spelling it out: Real-time asl fingerspelling recognition. In: 2011 IEEE international conference on computer vision workshops (ICCV Workshops), IEEE, pp 1114\u20131119","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2011.6130290"},{"key":"20972_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Molchanov P et al (2016) Online detection and classification of dynamic hand gestures with recurrent 3d convolutional neural network. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp 4207\u20134215","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.456"},{"issue":"6","key":"20972_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2014.2306094","volume":"14","author":"K Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu K et al (2014) Fusion of inertial and depth sensor data for robust hand gesture recognition. IEEE Sens J 14(6):1898\u20131903","journal-title":"IEEE Sens J"},{"key":"20972_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-014-0921-x","volume":"30","author":"F Pedersoli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pedersoli F et al (2014) Xkin: an open source framework for hand pose and gesture recognition using kinect. Vis Comput 30:1107\u20131122","journal-title":"Vis Comput"},{"key":"20972_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abid MR, Shi F, Petriu EM (2012) Dynamic hand gesture recognition from bag-of-features and local part model. In: 2012 IEEE international workshop on haptic audio visual environments and games (HAVE 2012) Proceedings, IEEE, pp 78\u201382","DOI":"10.1109\/HAVE.2012.6374443"},{"issue":"8","key":"20972_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2015.2461544","volume":"38","author":"N Neverova","year":"2015","unstructured":"Neverova N et al (2015) Moddrop: adaptive multi-modal gesture recognition. IEEE Trans Patt Anal Mach Intell 38(8):1692\u20131706","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Patt Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"20972_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Smedt Q, Wannous H, Vandeborre JP (2016) Skeleton-based dynamic hand gesture recognition. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, pp 1\u20139","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2016.153"},{"key":"20972_CR9","unstructured":"Anonymous (2021) Gestformer: Multiscale wavelet pooling transformer network for dynamic hand gesture recognition. arXiv preprint arXiv:2405.11180"},{"issue":"5","key":"20972_CR10","first-page":"1123","volume":"34","author":"J Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee J, Kim S (2023) Capsule networks for gesture recognition. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 34(5):1123\u20131136","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst"},{"key":"20972_CR11","volume":"213","author":"Z Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu Z, Chen D (2022) Type-correlation based salient object detection for gesture segmentation. Comput Vis Image Understand 213:103342","journal-title":"Comput Vis Image Understand"},{"key":"20972_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fok KY et al (2015) A real-time asl recognition system using leap motion sensors. In: 2015 international conference on cyber-enabled distributed computing and knowledge discovery, IEEE, pp 411\u2013414","DOI":"10.1109\/CyberC.2015.81"},{"key":"20972_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao T et al (2015) The application of two-level attention models in a deep convolutional neural network for fine-grained image classification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp 842\u2013850","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298685"},{"issue":"3","key":"20972_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2014.2351331","volume":"64","author":"MR Abid","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abid MR, Petriu EM, Amjadian E (2014) Dynamic sign language recognition for smart home interactive application using stochastic linear formal grammar. IEEE Trans Instrumen Meas 64(3):596\u2013605","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Instrumen Meas"},{"key":"20972_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ohn-Bar E, Trivedi M (2013) Joint angles similarities and hog2 for action recognition. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, pp 465\u2013470","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2013.76"},{"issue":"11","key":"20972_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3680","DOI":"10.3390\/app10113680","volume":"10","author":"C Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma C et al (2020) Skeleton-based dynamic hand gesture recognition using an enhanced network with one-shot learning. Appl Sci 10(11):3680","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"20972_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Smedt Q, Wannous H, Vandeborre JP (2016) 3d hand gesture recognition by analysing set-of-joints trajectories. In: International workshop on understanding human activities through 3D sensors, Springer, pp 86\u201397","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-91863-1_7"},{"key":"20972_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Si C et al (2019) An attention enhanced graph convolutional lstm network for skeleton-based action recognition. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp 1227\u20131236","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00132"},{"issue":"2","key":"20972_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.3390\/s19020239","volume":"19","author":"X Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen X et al (2019) Mfa-net: Motion feature augmented network for dynamic hand gesture recognition from skeletal data. Sens 19(2):239","journal-title":"Sens"},{"key":"20972_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hou J et al (2018) Spatial-temporal attention res-tcn for skeleton-based dynamic hand gesture recognition. In: Proceedings of the european conference on computer vision (ECCV) workshops, pp 0\u20130","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-11024-6_18"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-025-20972-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-025-20972-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-025-20972-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T17:17:28Z","timestamp":1765387048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-025-20972-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"37","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["20972"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-025-20972-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-7721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 August 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 June 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}