{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T22:50:44Z","timestamp":1775602244068,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,8]],"date-time":"2017-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504828800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Process Lett"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11063-017-9699-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,11]],"date-time":"2017-09-11T15:37:49Z","timestamp":1505144269000},"page":"31-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Concept Learning Using Vague Concept Lattice"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Prem Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"9699_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wille R (1982) Restructuring lattice theory: an approach based on hierarchies of concepts. In: Rival I (eds) Ordered sets, NATO advanced study institutes series 83. pp 445\u2013470","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-7798-3_15"},{"key":"9699_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-59830-2","volume-title":"Formal concept analysis: mathematical foundation","author":"B Ganter","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ganter B, Wille R (1999) Formal concept analysis: mathematical foundation. Springer, Berlin"},{"key":"9699_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511809088","volume-title":"Introduction to lattices and order","author":"BA Davey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Davey BA, Priestley HA (2002) Introduction to lattices and order. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge"},{"key":"9699_CR4","unstructured":"Burusco Juandeaburre A, Funtes Gonzales R (1994) The study of the $$L$$ L -fuzzy concept lattice. Math Soft Comput 1(3):209\u2013218"},{"issue":"5","key":"9699_CR5","first-page":"21","volume":"7","author":"PK Singh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singh PK (2016) Processing linked formal fuzzy context using non-commutative composition. Inst Integr Omics Appl Biotechnol (IIOAB) J 7(5):21\u201332","journal-title":"Inst Integr Omics Appl Biotechnol (IIOAB) J"},{"issue":"3","key":"9699_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(00)00059-2","volume":"121","author":"A Burusco","year":"2001","unstructured":"Burusco A, Fuentes-Gonzales R (2001) The study on interval-valued contexts. Fuzzy Sets Syst 121(3):439\u2013452","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"9699_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-015-1600-1","volume":"20","author":"PK Singh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singh PK, Kumar CA, Li J (2016) Knowledge representation using interval-valued fuzzy concept lattice. Soft Comput 20(4):1485\u20131502","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"9699_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41066-016-0036-z","author":"PK Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh PK, Kumar CA (2017) Concept lattice reduction using different subset of attributes as information granules. Granul Comput. doi: 10.1007\/s41066-016-0036-z","journal-title":"Granul Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"9699_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-016-0568-1","volume":"8","author":"YY Yao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yao YY (2017) Interval sets and three-way concept analysis in incomplete contexts. Int J Mach Learn Cybern 8(1):3\u201320","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"key":"9699_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.07.038","volume":"288","author":"PK Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh PK, Kumar CA (2014) Bipolar fuzzy graph representation of concept lattice. Inf Sci 288:437\u2013448","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"9699_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2017.01.019","volume":"96","author":"PK Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh PK (2017) Complex vague set based concept lattice. Chaos Solitons Fractals 96:145\u2013153","journal-title":"Chaos Solitons Fractals"},{"key":"9699_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.04.051","volume":"378","author":"J Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li J, Huang C, Qi J, Qian Y, Liu W (2017) Three-way cognitive concept learning via multi-granularity. Inf Sci 378:244\u2013263","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"9699_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-016-0585-0","volume":"8","author":"PK Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh PK (2017) Three-way fuzzy concept lattice representation using neutrosophic set. Int J Mach Learn Cybern 8(1):69\u201379","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"key":"9699_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2016.02.001","volume":"5","author":"LK Pandey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pandey LK, Ojha KK, Singh PK, Singh CS, Dwivedi S, Bergey EA (2016) Diatoms image database of India (DIDI): a research tool. Environ Technol Innov 5:148\u2013160","journal-title":"Environ Technol Innov"},{"issue":"1","key":"9699_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2012.07.005","volume":"54","author":"JH Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li JH, Mei CL, Lv YJ (2013) Incomplete decision contexts: approximate concept construction, rule acquisition and knowledge reduction. Int J Approx Reason 54(1):149\u2013165","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"9699_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35622","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35622","volume":"6","author":"ZK Gao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gao ZK, Cai Q, Yang YX, Dang WD, Zhang SS (2016) Multiscale limited penetrable horizontal visibility graph for analyzing nonlinear time series. Sci Rep 6:35622. doi: 10.1038\/srep35622","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"9699_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750005","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065717500058","volume":"27","author":"ZK Gao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gao ZK, Cai Q, Yang YX, Dong N, Zhang SS (2017) Visibility graph from adaptive optimal kernel time-frequency representation for classification of epileptiform EEG. Int J Neural Syst 27(4):1750005. doi: 10.1142\/S0129065717500058","journal-title":"Int J Neural Syst"},{"key":"9699_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expthermflusci.2014.09.008","volume":"60","author":"ZK Gao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gao ZK, Fang PC, Ding MS, Jin ND (2015) Multivariate weighted complex network analysis for characterizing nonlinear dynamic behavior in two-phase flow. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 60:157\u2013164","journal-title":"Exp Therm Fluid Sci"},{"key":"9699_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2016.2540862","volume":"65","author":"ZK Gao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gao ZK, Yang Y, Zhai L, Jin N, Chen G (2016) A four-sector conductance method for measuring and characterizing low-velocity oil\u2013water two-phase flows. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 65:1690\u20131697","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Instrum Meas"},{"key":"9699_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dubois D, Prade H (2015) Formal concept analysis from the standpoint of possibility theory. In: Proceedings of ICFCA 2015, LNAI 9113. pp 21\u201338","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-19545-2_2"},{"key":"9699_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.12.010","volume":"298","author":"JH Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li JH, Mei CL, Xu WH, Qian YH (2015) Concept learning via granular computing: a cognitive viewpoint. Inf Sci 298:447\u2013467","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"9699_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao YY (2004) Concept lattices in rough set theory. In: Proceedings of 2004 annual meeting of the North American fuzzy information processing society. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, pp 796\u2013801","DOI":"10.1109\/NAFIPS.2004.1337404"},{"key":"9699_CR23","unstructured":"B\u011blohl\u00e1vek R, Vychodil V (2005) What is fuzzy concept lattice. In: Proceedings of CLA Olomuc. Czech Republic, pp 34\u201345"},{"issue":"2","key":"9699_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1515\/amcs-2016-0035","volume":"26","author":"PK Singh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singh PK, Kumar CA, Gani A (2016) A comprehensive survey on formal concept analysis, its research trends and applications. Int J Appl Math Comput Sci 26(2):495\u2013516","journal-title":"Int J Appl Math Comput Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"9699_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1504\/IJCSM.2014.066426","volume":"5","author":"PK Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh PK, Kumar CA (2014) A note on bipolar fuzzy graph representation of concept lattice. Int J Comput Sci Math 5(4):381\u2013393","journal-title":"Int J Comput Sci Math"},{"key":"9699_CR26","first-page":"592","volume-title":"ISMIS 2009, LNAI 5722","author":"Y Djouadi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Djouadi Y, Prade H (2009) Interval-valued fuzzy formal concept analysis. In: Rauch J et al (eds) ISMIS 2009, LNAI 5722. Springer, Berlin, pp 592\u2013601"},{"issue":"2","key":"9699_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1109\/21.229476","volume":"23","author":"WL Gau","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gau WL, Buehrer DJ (1993) Vague sets. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 23(2):610\u2013614","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern"},{"key":"9699_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-015-0475-x","author":"RA Borzooei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Borzooei RA, Rashmanlou H (2017) New concepts of vague graphs. Int J Mach Learn Cybern. doi: 10.1007\/s13042-015-0475-x","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"issue":"1","key":"9699_CR29","first-page":"143","volume":"76","author":"M Akram","year":"2014","unstructured":"Akram M, Feng F, Sarwar S, Jun YB (2014) Certain type of vague graphs. UPB Bull Sci Ser 76(1):143\u2013154","journal-title":"UPB Bull Sci Ser"},{"key":"9699_CR30","unstructured":"Bloch I (2009) Geometry of spatial vague sets based on vague numbers and mathematical morphology. In: Fuzzy logic and applications, lecture notes in computer science, vol 5571. pp 237\u2013245"},{"key":"9699_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(94)00339-9","volume":"74","author":"SM Chen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Chen SM (1995) Measures of similarity between vague sets. Fuzzy Sets Syst 74:217\u2013223","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"key":"9699_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chunsheng C, Zhenchun Z, Feng L, Ying Q (2012) Application of vague set in recommender systems. In: Proceedings of 2nd international conference on logistics, informatics and service science (LISS), pp 1353\u20131359. doi: 10.1007\/978-3-642-32054-5-192","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-32054-5-192"},{"key":"9699_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/197403","author":"X Qin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Qin X, Liu Y, Xu Y (2014) Vague congruences and quotient lattice implication algebras. Sci World J. doi: 10.1155\/2014\/197403","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"key":"9699_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.11.015","volume":"94","author":"W Zeng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zeng W, Zhao Y, Gu Y (2016) Similarity measure for vague sets based on implication functions. Knowl Based Syst 94:124\u2013131","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"9699_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-013-1075-x","volume":"18","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Zeng G, Xiao C, Yue Y (2014) A rule conflict resolution method based on Vague set. Soft Comput 18:549\u2013555","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"9699_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2009.10.015","volume":"59","author":"W Xu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Xu W, Ma J, Wang S, Hao G (2010) Vague soft sets and their properties. Comput Math Appl 59:787\u2013794","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"key":"9699_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-013-1020-z","volume":"17","author":"SA Solovyov","year":"2013","unstructured":"Solovyov SA (2013) Lattice-valued soft algebras. Soft Comput 17:1751\u20131766","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"9699_CR38","first-page":"51","volume":"7","author":"N Ramakrishna","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ramakrishna N (2009) Vague graphs. Int J Comput Cogn 7:51\u201358","journal-title":"Int J Comput Cogn"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"9699_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apal.2003.01.001","volume":"128","author":"R B\u011blohl\u00e1vek","year":"2004","unstructured":"B\u011blohl\u00e1vek R (2004) Concept lattices and order in fuzzy logic. Ann Pure Appl Logic 128(1\u20133):277\u2013298","journal-title":"Ann Pure Appl Logic"},{"key":"9699_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-60460-7","volume-title":"Fuzzy begriffe","author":"S Pollandt","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pollandt S (1997) Fuzzy begriffe. Springer, Berlin"},{"key":"9699_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Macko J (2013) User-friendly fuzzy FCA. In: Lecture notes in computer science, vol 7880. Springer, pp 156\u2013171","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-38317-5_10"},{"key":"9699_CR42","first-page":"346","volume-title":"SUM 2011, LNAI 6929","author":"Y Djouadi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Djouadi Y (2011) Extended Galois derivation operators for information retrieval based on fuzzy formal concept lattice. In: Benferhal S, Goant J (eds) SUM 2011, LNAI 6929. Springer, Berlin, pp 346\u2013358"},{"issue":"2","key":"9699_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/11663081.2015.1039857","volume":"25","author":"PK Singh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh PK, Gani A (2015) Fuzzy concept lattice reduction using Shannon entropy and Huffman coding. J Appl Non-classical Log 25(2):101\u2013119","journal-title":"J Appl Non-classical Log"},{"key":"9699_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.12.057","volume":"301","author":"C Alcalde","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alcalde C, Burusco A, Fuentez-Gonzales R (2015) The use of two relations in $$L$$ L -fuzzy contexts. Inf Sci 301:1\u201312","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"9699_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2013.04.008","volume":"234","author":"L Antoni","year":"2014","unstructured":"Antoni L, Kraj\u010di S, K\u0155idlo O, Macek B, Piskov\u00e1 L (2014) On heterogeneous formal contexts. Fuzzy Sets Syst 234:22\u201333","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"key":"9699_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-120756","volume":"26","author":"M Akram","year":"2014","unstructured":"Akram M, Gani N, Saeid AB (2014) Vague hypergraphs. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 26:647\u2013653","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"9699_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dam.2004.02.016","volume":"144","author":"A Berry","year":"2004","unstructured":"Berry A, Sigayret A (2004) Representing concept lattice by a graph. Discrete Appl Math 144(1\u20132):27\u201342","journal-title":"Discrete Appl Math"},{"issue":"12","key":"9699_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2009.10.027","volume":"161","author":"P Ghosh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ghosh P, Kundu K, Sarkar D (2010) Fuzzy graph representation of a fuzzy concept lattice. Fuzzy Sets Syst 161(12):1669\u20131675","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"key":"9699_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh PK, Kumar CA (2012) Interval-valued fuzzy graph representation of concept lattice. In: Proceedings of twelfth international conference on intelligent system design and application 2012. pp 604\u2013609","DOI":"10.1109\/ISDA.2012.6416606"},{"key":"9699_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11063-016-9526-x","author":"Z Sun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sun Z, Zao Y, Cao D, Hao H (2016) Hierarchical multilabel classification with optimal path predictions. Neural Process Lett. doi: 10.1007\/s11063-016-9526-x","journal-title":"Neural Process Lett"},{"key":"9699_CR51","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Fuzzy sets and their applications","author":"A Rosenfeld","year":"1975","unstructured":"Rosenfeld A (1975) Fuzzy graphs. In: Zadeh LA, Fu KS, Shimura M (eds) Fuzzy sets and their applications. Academic Press, New York, pp 77\u201395"},{"issue":"2","key":"9699_CR52","first-page":"184","volume":"11","author":"PK Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh PK, Kumar CA (2014) A note on computing the crisp order context of a fuzzy formal context for knowledge reduction. J Inf Process Syst 11(2):184\u2013204","journal-title":"J Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"9699_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13369-017-2634-8","author":"S Khan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khan S, Gani A, Wahab AWA, Singh PK (2017) Feature selection of Denial-of-Service attacks using entropy and granular computing. Arab J Sci Eng. doi: 10.1007\/s13369-017-2634-8","journal-title":"Arab J Sci Eng"}],"container-title":["Neural Processing Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11063-017-9699-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11063-017-9699-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11063-017-9699-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,17]],"date-time":"2020-10-17T11:33:26Z","timestamp":1602934406000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11063-017-9699-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,8]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["9699"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11063-017-9699-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1370-4621","1573-773X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1370-4621","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-773X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,8]]}}}