{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T18:41:53Z","timestamp":1766428913599},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,19]],"date-time":"2019-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photon Netw Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11107-019-00847-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,19]],"date-time":"2019-04-19T15:04:13Z","timestamp":1555686253000},"page":"219-230","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Compact electro-optical programmable logic device based on graphene\u2013silicon switches"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Hossein","family":"Zivarian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Zarifkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"847_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2010.94","volume":"4","author":"HJ Caulfield","year":"2010","unstructured":"Caulfield, H.J., Dolev, S.: Why future supercomputing requires optics. Nat. Photonics 4, 261\u2013263 (2010)","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"847_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08813","volume":"464","author":"S Assefa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Assefa, S., Xia, F., Vlasov, Y.A.: Reinventing germanium avalanche photodetector for nanophotonic on-chip optical interconnects. Nature 464, 80\u201384 (2010)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"847_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A11","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.26.000A11","volume":"26","author":"DE Tamir","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tamir, D.E., Shaked, N.T., Wilson, P.J., Dolev, S.: High-speed and low-power electro-optical DSP coprocessor. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 26, A11\u2013A20 (2009)","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. A"},{"key":"847_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3938\/jkps.68.201","volume":"68","author":"A Kotb","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kotb, A.: Ultrafast all-optical logic OR gate based on two-photon absorption with a semiconductor optical amplifier-assisted delayed interferometer. J Korean Phys Soc 68, 201\u2013205 (2016)","journal-title":"J Korean Phys Soc"},{"key":"847_CR5","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"J Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang, J., Luo, M., Qiu, Y., Li, X., Gong, J., Xu, J., et al.: Dual-channel AND logic gate based on four-wave mixing in a multimode silicon waveguide. IEEE Photonics J. 9, 1\u20136 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics J."},{"key":"847_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/lpor.201200036","volume":"7","author":"Y Tian","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tian, Y., Zhang, L., Xu, Q., Yang, L.: XOR\/XNOR directed logic circuit based on coupled-resonator-induced transparency. Laser Photon Rev 7, 109\u2013113 (2013)","journal-title":"Laser Photon Rev"},{"key":"847_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2015.2390618","volume":"27","author":"L Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang, L., Guo, C., Zhu, W., Zhang, L., Sun, C.: Demonstration of a directed optical comparator based on two cascaded microring resonators. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 27, 809\u2013812 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett."},{"key":"847_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.15.000150","volume":"15","author":"J Hardy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hardy, J., Shamir, J.: Optics inspired logic architecture. Opt. Express 15, 150\u2013165 (2007)","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"847_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.002996","volume":"22","author":"L Yang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang, L., Zhang, L., Guo, C., Ding, J.: XOR and XNOR operations at 12.5\u00a0Gb\/s using cascaded carrier-depletion microring resonators. Opt. Express 22, 2996\u20133012 (2014)","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"847_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6958","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.006958","volume":"22","author":"Y Tian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tian, Y., Zhang, L., Ding, J., Yang, L.: Demonstration of electro-optic half-adder using silicon photonic integrated circuits. Opt. Express 22, 6958\u20136965 (2014)","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"847_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26342","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.026342","volume":"23","author":"Y Tian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tian, Y., Zhao, Y., Chen, W., Guo, A., Li, D., Zhao, G., et al.: Electro-optic directed XOR logic circuits based on parallel-cascaded micro-ring resonators. Opt. Express 23, 26342\u201326355 (2015)","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"847_CR12","first-page":"1","volume":"8","author":"Y Tian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tian, Y., Zhao, G., Liu, Z., Guo, A., Xiao, H., Wu, X., et al.: Reconfigurable electro-optic logic circuits using microring resonator-based optical switch array. IEEE Photonics J. 8, 1\u20138 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics J."},{"key":"847_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6397","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.54.006397","volume":"54","author":"S Kumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumar, S., Singh, G., Bisht, A., Amphawan, A.: Design of D flip-flop and T flip-flop using Mach\u2013Zehnder interferometers for high-speed communication. Appl. Opt. 54, 6397\u20136405 (2015)","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"847_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10067","volume":"474","author":"M Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu, M., Yin, X., Ulin-Avila, E., Geng, B., Zentgraf, T., Ju, L., et al.: A graphene-based broadband optical modulator. Nature 474, 64\u201367 (2011)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"847_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"061116","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4818457","volume":"103","author":"R Hao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hao, R., Du, W., Chen, H., Jin, X., Yang, L., Li, E.: Ultra-compact optical modulator by graphene induced electro-refraction effect. Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 061116 (2013)","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"847_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2014.02.059","volume":"323","author":"W Du","year":"2014","unstructured":"Du, W., Hao, R., Li, E.-P.: The study of few-layer graphene based Mach\u2009\u2212\u2009Zehnder modulator. Opt. Commun. 323, 49\u201353 (2014)","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."},{"key":"847_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.41.002501","volume":"41","author":"A Phatak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Phatak, A., Cheng, Z., Qin, C., Goda, K.: Design of electro-optic modulators based on graphene-on-silicon slot waveguides. Opt. Lett. 41, 2501\u20132504 (2016)","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"847_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2013.2291012","volume":"26","author":"L Yang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang, L., Hu, T., Shen, A., Pei, C., Li, Y., Dai, T., et al.: Proposal for a 2*2 optical switch based on graphene\u2013silicon-waveguide microring. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 26, 235\u2013238 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett."},{"key":"847_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2013.241","volume":"7","author":"X Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang, X., Cheng, Z., Xu, K., Tsang, H.K., Xu, J.-B.: High-responsivity graphene\/silicon-heterostructure waveguide photodetectors. Nat. Photonics 7, 888\u2013891 (2013)","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"847_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spmi.2017.09.051","volume":"112","author":"A Farmani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Farmani, A., Zarifkar, A., Sheikhi, M.H., Miri, M.: Design of a tunable graphene plasmonic-on-white graphene switch at infrared range. Superlattices Microstruct. 112, 404\u2013414 (2017)","journal-title":"Superlattices Microstruct."},{"key":"847_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.56.001717","volume":"56","author":"B Janjan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Janjan, B., Fathi, D., Miri, M., Ghaffari-Miab, M.: Ultra-wideband high-speed Mach\u2013Zehnder switch based on hybrid plasmonic waveguides. Appl. Opt. 56, 1717\u20131723 (2017)","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"847_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2013.253","volume":"7","author":"X Gan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gan, X., Shiue, R.-J., Gao, Y., Meric, I., Heinz, T.F., Shepard, K., et al.: Chip-integrated ultrafast graphene photodetector with high responsivity. Nat. Photonics 7, 883\u2013887 (2013)","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"847_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2013.240","volume":"7","author":"A Pospischil","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pospischil, A., Humer, M., Furchi, M.M., Bachmann, D., Guider, R., Fromherz, T., et al.: CMOS-compatible graphene photodetector covering all optical communication bands. Nat. Photonics 7, 892\u2013896 (2013)","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"847_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2016.04.008","volume":"372","author":"W Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen, W., Yang, L., Wang, P., Zhang, Y., Zhou, L., Yang, T., et al.: Electro-optical logic gates based on graphene\u2013silicon waveguides. Opt. Commun. 372, 85\u201390 (2016)","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."},{"key":"847_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JNP.12.016022","volume":"12","author":"H Zivarian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zivarian, H., Zarifkar, A., Miri, M.: Electro-optical full-adder\/full-subtractor based on graphene\u2013silicon switches. J. Nanophotonics 12, 1\u201312 (2018)","journal-title":"J. Nanophotonics"},{"key":"847_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2017.2751562","volume":"36","author":"Z Guo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guo, Z., Lu, L., Zhou, L., Shen, L., Chen, J.: 16\u2009\u00d7\u200916 silicon optical switch based on dual-ring-assisted Mach\u2013Zehnder interferometers. J. Lightwave Technol. 36, 225\u2013232 (2018)","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"847_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42306","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42306","volume":"7","author":"L Qiao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qiao, L., Tang, W., Chu, T.: 32\u2009\u00d7\u200932 silicon electro-optic switch with built-in monitors and balanced-status units. Sci Rep 7, 42306 (2017)","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"847_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7538","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.25.007538","volume":"25","author":"K Suzuki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Suzuki, K., Tanizawa, K., Suda, S., Matsuura, H., Inoue, T., Ikeda, K., et al.: Broadband silicon photonics 8\u2009\u00d7\u20098 switch based on double-Mach\u2013Zehnder element switches. Opt. Express 25, 7538\u20137546 (2017)","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"847_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2006.10.051","volume":"271","author":"HJ Caulfield","year":"2007","unstructured":"Caulfield, H.J., Soref, R.A., Qian, L., Zavalin, A., Hardy, J.: Generalized optical logic elements\u2014GOLEs. Opt. Commun. 271, 365\u2013376 (2007)","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."},{"key":"847_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2010.02.031","volume":"283","author":"T Chattopadhyay","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chattopadhyay, T., Roy, J.N.: Design of SOA-MZI based all-optical programmable logic device (PLD). Opt. Commun. 283, 2506\u20132517 (2010)","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."},{"key":"847_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9959","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.009959","volume":"22","author":"L Lei","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lei, L., Dong, J., Zou, B., Wu, Z., Dong, W., Zhang, X.: Expanded all-optical programmable logic array based on multi-input\/output canonical logic units. Opt. Express 22, 9959\u20139970 (2014)","journal-title":"Opt. Express"}],"container-title":["Photonic Network Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11107-019-00847-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11107-019-00847-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11107-019-00847-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]],"date-time":"2020-04-17T23:20:04Z","timestamp":1587165604000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11107-019-00847-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,19]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["847"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11107-019-00847-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-974X","1572-8188"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-974X","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-8188","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 July 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 April 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}