{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T13:15:32Z","timestamp":1780492532004,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Quantum Inf Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11128-020-02865-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T08:03:16Z","timestamp":1603094596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Practical source-independent quantum random number generation with detector efficiency mismatch"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Di","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangpeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kejin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2865_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcs.2014.05.025","volume":"560","author":"CH Bennett","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G.: Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing. Theor. Comput. Sci. 560, 7 (2014)","journal-title":"Theor. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"2865_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"025002","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.92.025002","volume":"92","author":"F Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu, F., Ma, X., Zhang, Q., Lo, H.-K., Pan, J.-W.: Secure quantum key distribution with realistic devices. Rev. Mod. Phys. 92, 025002 (2020)","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"2865_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"044305","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.71.044305","volume":"71","author":"C Wang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang, C., Deng, F.-G., Li, Y.-S., Liu, X.-S., Long, G.L.: Quantum secure direct communication with high-dimension quantum superdense coding. Phys. Rev. A 71, 044305 (2005)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16144","DOI":"10.1038\/lsa.2016.144","volume":"5","author":"J-Y Hu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hu, J.-Y., Yu, B., Jing, M.-Y., Xiao, L.-T., Jia, S.-T., Qin, G.-Q., Long, G.-L.: Experimental quantum secure direct communication with single photons. Light Sci Appl. 5, e16144 (2016)","journal-title":"Light Sci Appl."},{"key":"2865_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16021","DOI":"10.1038\/npjqi.2016.21","volume":"2","author":"X Ma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ma, X., Yuan, X., Cao, Z., Qi, B., Zhang, Z.: Quantum random number generation. Npj Quantum Inf. 2, 16021 (2016)","journal-title":"Npj Quantum Inf."},{"key":"2865_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"015004","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.89.015004","volume":"89","author":"M Herrero-Collantes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Herrero-Collantes, M., Garcia-Escartin, J.C.: Quantum random number generators. Rev. Mod. Phys. 89, 015004 (2017)","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"2865_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"031109","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2961000","volume":"93","author":"JF Dynes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dynes, J.F., Yuan, Z.L., Sharpe, A.W., Shields, A.J.: A high speed, postprocessing free, quantum random number generator. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 031109 (2008)","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"2865_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9351","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.009351","volume":"18","author":"MA Wayne","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wayne, M.A., Kwiat, P.G.: Low-bias high-speed quantum random number generator via shaped optical pulses. Opt. Express 18, 9351 (2010)","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"2865_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2010.197","volume":"4","author":"C Gabriel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gabriel, C., Wittmann, C., Sych, D., Dong, R., Mauerer, W., Andersen, U.L., Marquardt, C., Leuchs, G.: A generator for unique quantum random numbers based on vacuum states. Nat. Photon. 4, 711 (2010)","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"2865_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"063814","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.81.063814","volume":"81","author":"Y Shen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shen, Y., Tian, L., Zou, H.: Practical quantum random number generator based on measuring the shot noise of vacuum states. Phys. Rev. A 81, 063814 (2010)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231103","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3597793","volume":"98","author":"T Symul","year":"2011","unstructured":"Symul, T., Assad, S.M., Lam, P.K.: Real time demonstration of high bitrate quantum random number generation with coherent laser light. Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 231103 (2011)","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"2865_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20665","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.020665","volume":"19","author":"M Jofre","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jofre, M., Curty, M., Steinlechner, F., Anzolin, G., Torres, J.P., Mitchell, M.W., Pruneri, V.: True random numbers from amplified quantum vacuum. Opt. Express 19, 20665 (2011)","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"2865_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"041101","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4959887","volume":"109","author":"Y Shi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shi, Y., Chng, B., Kurtsiefer, C.: Random numbers from vacuum fluctuations. Appl. Phys. Lett. 109, 041101 (2016)","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"2865_CR14","unstructured":"Zhou, Q., Valivarthi, R., John, C., et\u00a0al.: Practical quantum random number generator based on sampling vacuum fluctuations. arXiv:1703.00559 (2017)"},{"key":"2865_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"051110","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4863224","volume":"104","author":"Y-Q Nie","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nie, Y.-Q., Zhang, H.-F., Zhang, Z., Wang, J., Ma, X., Zhang, J., Pan, J.-W.: Practical and fast quantum random number generation based on photon arrival time relative to external reference. Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 110 (2014)","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"2865_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.35.000312","volume":"35","author":"B Qi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Qi, B., Chi, Y.-M., Lo, H.-K., Qian, L.: Practical and fast quantum random number generation based on photon arrival time relative to external reference. Opt. Lett. 35, 312 (2010)","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"2865_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12366","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.20.012366","volume":"20","author":"F Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu, F., Qi, B., Ma, X., Xu, H., Zheng, H., Lo, H.-K.: Ultrafast quantum random number generation based on quantum phase fluctuations. Opt. Express 20, 12366 (2012)","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"2865_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"063105","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4922417","volume":"86","author":"Y-Q Nie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nie, Y.-Q., Huang, L., Liu, Y., Payne, F., Zhang, J., Pan, J.-W.: The generation of 68 Gbps quantum random number by measuring laser phase fluctuations. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 86, 063105 (2015)","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"2865_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250403","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.115.250403","volume":"115","author":"C Abell\u00e1n","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abell\u00e1n, C., Amaya, W., Mitrani, D., Pruneri, V., Mitchell, M.W.: Generation of Fresh and Pure Random Numbers for Loophole-Free Bell Tests. Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 250403 (2015)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"2865_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"076102","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4958663","volume":"87","author":"X-G Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, X.-G., Nie, Y.-Q., Zhou, H., Liang, H., Ma, X., Zhang, J., Pan, J.-W.: Fully integrated 32 Gbps quantum random number generator with real-time extraction, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 87, 102 (2016)","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"2865_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"062314","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.96.062314","volume":"96","author":"S-H Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun, S.-H., Xu, F.: Experimental study of a quantum random-number generator based on two independent lasers. Phys. Rev. A 96, 062314 (2017)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR22","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.quantum-info.com; http:\/\/www.qutools.com; http:\/\/www.idquantique.com"},{"key":"2865_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAB.34.002185","volume":"34","author":"K Wei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wei, K., Ma, H., Yang, X.J.: Feasible attack on detector-device-independent quantum key distribution. Opt. Soc. Am. B 34, 2185 (2017)","journal-title":"Opt. Soc. Am. B"},{"key":"2865_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09008","volume":"464","author":"S Pironio","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pironio, S., Ac\u00edn, A., Massar, S., de la Giroday, A.B., Matsukevich, D.N., Maunz, P., Olmschenk, S., Hayes, D., Luo, L., Manning, T.A., Monroe, C.: Random numbers certified by Bell\u2019s theorem. Nature 464, 1021 (2010)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2865_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"095305","DOI":"10.1088\/1751-8113\/44\/9\/095305","volume":"44","author":"R Colbeck","year":"2011","unstructured":"Colbeck, R., Kent, A.: Private randomness expansion with untrusted devices. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 44, 095305 (2011)","journal-title":"J. Phys. A Math. Theor."},{"key":"2865_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"010503","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.120.010503","volume":"120","author":"Y Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Yuan, X., Li, M.-H., Zhang, W., Zhao, Q., Zhong, J., Cao, Y., Li, Y.-H., Chen, L.-K., Li, H., Peng, T., Chen, Y.-A., Peng, C.-Z., Shi, S.-C., Wang, Z., You, L., Ma, X., Fan, J., Zhang, Q., Pan, J.-W.: High-Speed Device-Independent Quantum Random Number Generation without a Detection Loophole. Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 010503 (2018)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"2865_CR27","unstructured":"Li, M.-H., Zhang, X., Liu, W.-Z., Zhao, S.-R., Bai, B., Liu, Y., Zhao, Q., Peng, Y., Zhang, J., Ma, X., Zhang, Q., Fan, J., Pan, J.-W.: Experimental realization of device-independent quantum randomness expansion. arXiv: 1902.07529 (2019)"},{"key":"2865_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0019-0","volume":"556","author":"P Bierhorst","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bierhorst, P., Knill, E., Glancy, S., Zhang, Y., Mink, A., Jordan, S., Rommal, A., Liu, Y.-K., Christensen, B., Nam, S.W., Stevens, M.J., Shalm, L.K.: Experimentally generated randomness certified by the impossibility of superluminal signals. Nature 556, 223 (2018)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2865_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0559-3","volume":"562","author":"Y Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Zhao, Q., Li, M.-H., Guan, J.-Y., Zhang, Y., Bai, B., Zhang, W., Liu, W.-Z., Wu, C., Yuan, X., Li, H., Munro, W.J., Wang, Z., You, L., Zhang, J., Ma, X., Fan, J., Zhang, Q., Pan, J.-W.: Device-independent quantum random-number generation. Nature 562, 548 (2018)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2865_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"034301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.84.034301","volume":"84","author":"H-W Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li, H.-W., Yin, Z.-Q., Wu, Y.-C., Zou, X.-B., Wang, S., Chen, W., Guo, G.-C., Han, Z.-F.: Attacking a practical quantum-key-distribution system with wavelength-dependent beam-splitter and multiwavelength sources. Phys. Rev. A 84, 034301 (2011)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140407","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.112.140407","volume":"112","author":"J Bowles","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bowles, J., Quintino, M.T., Brunner, N.: Certifying the dimension of classical and qquantum systems in a prepare-and-measure scenario with independent devices. Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 140407 (2014)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"2865_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125011","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/17\/12\/125011","volume":"17","author":"C Zhu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhu, C., Hongyi, Z., Xiongfeng, M.: Loss-tolerant measurement-device-independent quantum random number generation. New J. Phys. 17, 125011 (2015)","journal-title":"New J. Phys."},{"key":"2865_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"022328","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.99.022328","volume":"99","author":"J Ma","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ma, J., Hakande, A., Yuan, X., Ma, X.: Coherence as a resource for source-independent quantum random-number generation, Phys. Rev. A 99, 022328 (2019)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150501","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.114.150501","volume":"114","author":"T Lunghi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lunghi, T., Brask, J.B., Lim, C.C.W., Lavigne, Q., Bowles, J., Martin, A., Zbinden, H., Brunner, N.: Self-Testing Quantum Random Number Generator. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 150501 (2015)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"2865_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTICA.3.001266","volume":"3","author":"F Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu, F., Shapiro, J.H., Wong, F.N.C.: Experimental fast quantum random number generation using high-dimensional entanglement with entropy monitoring. Optica 3, 1266 (2016)","journal-title":"Optica"},{"key":"2865_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"060301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.94.060301","volume":"94","author":"Y-Q Nie","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nie, Y.-Q., Guan, J.-Y., Zhou, H., Zhang, Q., Ma, X., Zhang, J., Pan, J.-W.: Experimental measurement-device-independent quantum random-number generation. Phys. Rev. A 94, 060301 (2016)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"060503","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.118.060503","volume":"118","author":"DG Marangon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marangon, D.G., Vallone, G., Villoresi, P.: Source-Device-Independent Ultrafast Quantum Random Number Generation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 060503 (2017)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"2865_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"054018","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.7.054018","volume":"7","author":"JB Brask","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brask, J.B., Martin, A., Esposito, W., Houlmann, R., Bowles, Z.J., Zbinden, H., Brunner, N.: Megahertz-Rate Semi-Device-Independent Quantum Random Number Generators Based on Unambiguous State Discrimination. Phys. Rev. Applied 7, 054018 (2017)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Appl."},{"key":"2865_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"025013","DOI":"10.1088\/2058-9565\/ab0fd9","volume":"4","author":"B Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu, B., Chen, Z., Li, Z., Yang, J., Su, Q., Huang, W., Zhang, Y., Guo, H.: High speed continuous variable source-independent quantum random number generation. Quantum. Sci. Technol. 4, 025013 (2019)","journal-title":"Quantum Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2865_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"062326","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.99.062326","volume":"99","author":"PR Smith","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smith, P.R., Marangon, D.G., Lucamarini, M., Yuan, Z.L., Shields, A.J.: Simple source device-independent continuous-variable quantum random number generator. Phys. Rev. A 99, 062326 (2019)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR41","first-page":"011020","volume":"6","author":"Z Cao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cao, Z., Zhou, H., Yuan, X., Ma, X.: Source-Independent Quantum Random Number Generation. Phys. Rev. X 6, 011020 (2016)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. X"},{"key":"2865_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5365","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07585-0","volume":"9","author":"M Avesani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Avesani, M., Marangon, D.G., Vallone, G., Villoresi, P.: Source-device-independent heterodyne-based quantum random number generator at 17 Gbps. Nat. Commum. 9, 5365 (2018)","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2865_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/s41534-019-0208-1","volume":"5","author":"Y-H Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, Y.-H., Han, X., Cao, Y., Yuan, X., Li, Z.-P., Guan, J.-Y., Yin, J., Zhang, Q., Ma, X., Peng, C.-Z., Pan, J.-W.: Quantum random number generation with uncharacterized laser and sunlight. Npj Quantum Inf. 5, 97 (2019)","journal-title":"Npj Quantum Inf."},{"key":"2865_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103016","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/aade06","volume":"20","author":"A Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang, A., Barz, S., Andersson, E., Makarov, V.: Implementation vulnerabilities in general quantum cryptography. New J. Phys. 20, 103016 (2018)","journal-title":"New J. Phys."},{"key":"2865_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"062308","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.84.062308","volume":"84","author":"H-W Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li H-W, Wang S, Huang J-Z, Chen W, Yin Z-Q, Li F-Y, Zhou Z, Liu D, Zhang Y, Guo G-C, Bao W-S, Han Z-F: Attacking a practical quantum-key-distribution system with wavelength-dependent beam-splitter and multiwavelength sources. Phys. Rev. A 84, 062308 (2011)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00531-y","volume":"7","author":"K Wei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wei, K., Liu, H., Ma, H., Yang, X., Zhang, Y., Sun, Y., Xiao, J., Ji, Y.: Feasible attack on detector-device-independent quantum key distribution. Sci. Rep. 7, 449 (2017)","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2865_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"002313","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.74.022313","volume":"74","author":"V Makarov","year":"2006","unstructured":"Makarov, V., Anisimov, A., Skaar, J.: Effects of detector efficiency mismatch on security of quantum cryptosystems. Phys. Rev. A 74, 002313 (2006)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"022325","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.100.022325","volume":"100","author":"K Wei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wei, K., Zhang, W., Tang, Y.-L., You, L., Xu, F.: Implementation security of quantum key distribution due to polarization-dependent efficiency mismatch. Phys. Rev. A 100, 022325 (2019)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"062301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.91.062301","volume":"91","author":"S Sajeed","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sajeed S, Chaiwongkhot P, Bourgoin JP, Jennewein T, Lutkenhaus N, Makarov V: Security loophole in free-space quantum key distribution due to spatial-mode detector-efficiency mismatch Shihan. Phys. Rev. 91, 301 (2015)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR50","first-page":"73","volume":"7","author":"B Qi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Qi, B., Fred, F.C.-H., Lo, H.-K., Ma, X.: Time-shift attack in practical quantum cryptosystems. Quant. Inf. Comput. 7, 73 (2007)","journal-title":"Quantum Inf. Comput."},{"key":"2865_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15759","volume":"526","author":"B Hensen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hensen, B., Bernien, H., Dr\u00e9au, A.E., Reiserer, A., Kalb, N., Blok, M.S., Ruitenberg, J., Vermeulen, R.F.L., Schouten, R.N., Abell\u00e1n, C., Amaya, W., Pruneri, V., Mitchell, M.W., Markham, M., Twitchen, D.J., Elkouss, D., Wehner, S., Taminiau, T.H., Hanson, R.: Loophole-free Bell inequality violation using electron spins separated by 13 kilometres. Nature 526, 682 (2015)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2865_CR52","first-page":"131","volume":"9","author":"C-HF Fung","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fung, C.-H.F., Tamaki, K., Qi, B., Lo, H.-K., Ma, X.: Security proof of quantum key distribution with detection efficiency mismatch. Quantum Info. Comput. 9, 131 (2009)","journal-title":"Quantum Inf. Comput."},{"key":"2865_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"062327","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.87.062327","volume":"87","author":"X Ma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ma, X., Xu, F., Xu, H., Tan, X., Qi, B., Lo, H.-K.: Postprocessing for quantum random-number generators: Entropy evaluation and randomness extraction. Phys. Rev. A 87, 062327 (2013)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012326","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.72.012326","volume":"72","author":"X Ma","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ma, X., Qi, B., Zhao, Y., Lo, H.-K.: Practical decoy state for quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. A 72, 012326 (2005)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113026","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/12\/11\/113026","volume":"12","author":"F Xu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Xu, F., Qi, B., Lo, H.-K.: Experimental demonstration of phase-remapping attack in a practical quantum key distribution system. New J. Phys. 12, 113026 (2010)","journal-title":"New J. Phys."},{"key":"2865_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"073024","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/13\/7\/073024","volume":"13","author":"W Henning","year":"2011","unstructured":"Henning, W., Harald, K., Markus, R., Martin, F., Sebastian, N., Harald, W.: Quantum eavesdropping without interception: an attack exploiting the dead time of single-photon detectors. New J. Phys. 13, 073024 (2011)","journal-title":"New J. Phys."},{"key":"2865_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"062308","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.86.062308","volume":"86","author":"J Bouda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bouda, J., Pivoluska, M., Plesch, M., Wilmott, C.: Weak randomness seriously limits the security of quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. A 86, 062308 (2012)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2865_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2010.214","volume":"4","author":"L Lydersen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lydersen, L., Wiechers, C., Wittmann, C., Elser, D., Skaar, J., Makarov, V.: Hacking commercial quantum cryptography systems by tailored bright illumination. Nature Photon. 4, 686 (2010)","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"2865_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"062308","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.84.062308","volume":"84","author":"H-W Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li, H.-W., Wang, S., Huang, J.-Z., Chen, W., Yin, Z.-Q., Li, F.-Y., Zhou, Z., Liu, D., Zhang, Y., Guo, G.-C., Bao, W.-S., Han, Z.-F.: Attacking a practical quantum-key-distribution system with wavelength-dependent beam-splitter and multiwavelength sources. Phys. Rev. A 84, 062308 (2011)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"}],"container-title":["Quantum Information Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11128-020-02865-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11128-020-02865-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11128-020-02865-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T15:13:44Z","timestamp":1635174824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11128-020-02865-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2865"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11128-020-02865-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1570-0755","1573-1332"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1570-0755","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-1332","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 December 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 September 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 October 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"384"}}