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Classical debugging methods are often inadequate, as quantum mechanical principles make state inspection disruptive and classical simulation has exponential time complexity. This survey explores the landscape of quantum assertions as a key technique for identifying and locating bugs in quantum programs. We classify these techniques into two primary categories based on their evaluation stage: classical runtime and quantum runtime assertions. For each category, we analyze the strengths, limitations, time complexity, and applicability of current methods. Our findings show that scalable quantum debugging remains an open problem\u2014a challenge that will persist even with the advent of fault-tolerant hardware. Finally, this work highlights key challenges and proposes future directions for the development of novel quantum debugging techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11128-026-05114-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T06:13:56Z","timestamp":1772691236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Schr\u00f6dinger\u2019s bug: a survey on quantum software debugging"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Evandro","family":"Rosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"5114_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02650179","volume":"21","author":"RP Feynman","year":"1982","unstructured":"Feynman, R.P.: Simulating physics with computers. 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