{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T01:32:57Z","timestamp":1776216777657,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scientometrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-007-0201-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,16]],"date-time":"2007-01-16T18:32:51Z","timestamp":1168972371000},"page":"223-249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Knowledge sources of innovation in a small open economy: The case of Singapore"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Poh-Kam","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yuen-Ping","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"201_CR1","first-page":"363","volume":"82","author":"Z. Acs","year":"1992","unstructured":"Acs, Z., D. Audretsch, M. P. Feldman (1992), Real effects of academic research: Comment. American Economic Review, 82: 363\u2013367.","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"201_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.2307\/2109888","volume":"76","author":"Z. Acs","year":"1994","unstructured":"Acs, Z., D. Audretsch, M. P. Feldman (1994), R&D spillovers and recipient firm size. Review of Economics and Statistics, 76: 336\u2013340.","journal-title":"Review of Economics and Statistics"},{"key":"201_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.4250171113","volume":"7","author":"P. Almeida","year":"1996","unstructured":"Almeida, P. (1996), Knowledge sourcing by foreign multinationals: Patent citation analysis in the US semiconductor industry. Strategic Management Journal, 7: 155\u2013165.","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"key":"201_CR4","first-page":"678","volume":"82","author":"B. Audretsch","year":"1996","unstructured":"Audretsch, B., M. P. Feldman (1996), R&D spillovers and the geography of innovation and production. American Economic Review, 82: 678\u2013690.","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"201_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1996(00)00068-4","volume":"53","author":"L. Branstetter","year":"2001","unstructured":"Branstetter, L. (2001), Are knowledge spillovers international or intranational in scope? Microeconometrics evidence from the US and Japan. Journal of International Economics, 53: 53\u201379.","journal-title":"Journal of International Economics"},{"key":"201_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-3333-5","volume-title":"The Geography of Innovation","author":"P. Feldman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Feldman, P. (1994), The Geography of Innovation. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston."},{"key":"201_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0266(200101)22:2<101::AID-SMJ155>3.0.CO;2-G","volume":"22","author":"T. S. Frost","year":"2001","unstructured":"Frost, T. S. (2001), The geographic souces of foreign subsidiaries\u2019 innovations. Strategic Management Journal, 22: 101\u2013123.","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"key":"201_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goto, A., A. Nagata (1997), Innovation no senyusei to gijutsu kikai: survey data ni yoru nichibei hikaku kenkyu. NISTEP Report no. 48, Science and Technology Agency of Japan.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198289852.001.0001"},{"key":"201_CR9","first-page":"1661","volume":"28","author":"Z. Griliches","year":"1990","unstructured":"Griliches, Z. (1990), Patent statistics as economic indicators: A survey. Journal of Economic Literature, 28: 1661\u20131707.","journal-title":"Journal of Economic Literature"},{"key":"201_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.2307\/3440244","volume":"94","author":"Z. Griliches","year":"1992","unstructured":"Griliches, Z. (1992), The search for R&D spillovers. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 94: S29\u201347.","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics"},{"key":"201_CR11","volume-title":"Country Competitiveness","author":"G. Herrigel","year":"1993","unstructured":"Herrigel, G. (1993), Large firms, small firms and the governance of flexible specialization: The case of Baden Wuttenberg and socialized risk. In: B. Kogut (Ed.), Country Competitiveness. Oxford University Press, New York."},{"key":"201_CR12","unstructured":"Hu, A. (2004), Multinational corporations, patenting and knowledge flow: The case of Singapore. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 781\u2013800."},{"key":"201_CR13","first-page":"984","volume":"76","author":"A. Jaffe","year":"1986","unstructured":"Jaffe, A. (1986), Technological opportunity and spillovers of R&D: Evidence from firms\u2019 patents, profits and market value, American Economic Review, 76: 984\u20131001.","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"201_CR14","first-page":"957","volume":"79","author":"A. Jaffe","year":"1989","unstructured":"Jaffe, A. (1989), Real effects of academic research. American Economic Review, 79: 957\u2013970.","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"201_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.2307\/2118401","volume":"108","author":"A. Jaffe","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jaffe, A., M. Trajtenberg, R. Henderson (1993), Geographic localization of knowledge spillovers as evidenced by patent citations. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108: 577\u2013598.","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Economics"},{"key":"201_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jibs.8490248","volume":"24","author":"B. Kogut","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kogut, B., U. Zander (1992), Knowledge of the firm and the evolutionary theory of the multinational corporation. Journal of International Business Studies, 24: 625\u2013645.","journal-title":"Journal of International Business Studies"},{"key":"201_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1086\/261763","volume":"99","author":"P. Krugman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Krugman, P. (1991), Increasing returns and economic geography. Journal of Political Economy, 99: 483\u2013499.","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"issue":"3","key":"201_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(99)00040-2","volume":"29","author":"M. Meyer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Meyer, M. (2000), Does science push technology? Patents citing scientific literature. Research Policy, 29(3): 409\u2013434.","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"201_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016057727209","volume":"54","author":"M. Meyer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Meyer, M. (2002), Tracing knowledge flows in innovation systems. Scientometrics, 54(2): 193\u2013212.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"201_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(98)00094-8","volume":"27","author":"F. Meyer-Krahmer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Meyer-Krahmer, F., U. Schmoch (1998), Science based technologies: university-industry interactions in four fields. Research Policy, 27: 835\u2013851.","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"key":"201_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-7333(92)90018-Y","volume":"21","author":"F. Narin","year":"1992","unstructured":"Narin, F., D. Olivastro (1992), Status report: Linkage between technology and science. Research Policy, 21: 237\u2013330.","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"8","key":"201_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1080\/00343400120101434","volume":"35","author":"R. Piergiovanni","year":"2001","unstructured":"Piergiovanni, R., E. Santarelli (2001), Patents and the geographic localization of R&D spillovers in French manufacturing. Regional Studies, 35(8): 697\u2013702.","journal-title":"Regional Studies"},{"key":"201_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007781501147","volume":"12","author":"R. Piergiovanni","year":"1997","unstructured":"Piergiovanni, R., E. Santarelli, M. Vivarelli (1997), From which source do small firms derive their innovative inputs? Some evidence from Italian manufacturing. Review of Industrial Organization, 12: 243\u2013258.","journal-title":"Review of Industrial Organization"},{"key":"201_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.2307\/3101749","volume":"6","author":"D. S. Price","year":"1965","unstructured":"Price, D. S. (1965), Is technology historically independent of science? A study in statistical historiography. Technology and Culture, 6: 553\u2013568.","journal-title":"Technology and Culture"},{"key":"201_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1086\/261420","volume":"94","author":"P. M. Romer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Romer, P. M. (1986), Increasing returns and long run growth. Journal of Political Economy, 94: 1002\u20131037.","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"key":"201_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1086\/261725","volume":"98","author":"P. M. Romer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Romer, P. M. (1990), Endogenous technological change, Journal of Political Economy, 98: S71\u2013S102.","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"issue":"6","key":"201_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.49.6.751.16026","volume":"49","author":"L. Rosenkopf","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rosenkopf, L., P. Almeida (2003), Overcoming local search through alliances and mobility. Management Science, 49(6): 751\u2013766.","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"201_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02016800","volume":"26","author":"U. Schmoch","year":"1993","unstructured":"Schmoch, U. (1993), Tracing the knowledge transfer from science to technology as reflected in patent indicators. Scientometrics, 26(1): 193\u2013211.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"201_CR29","volume-title":"Research in Technology and Innovation Management","author":"J. Song","year":"2001","unstructured":"Song, J., P. Almeida, G. Wu (2001), Mobility of engineers and cross-border knowledge building: The technological catching-up case of Korean and Taiwanese semiconductor firms. In: H. Chesbrough, R. Burgelman (Eds), Research in Technology and Innovation Management, JAI Press, New York."},{"key":"201_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.2307\/2666980","volume":"45","author":"J. Sorensen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sorensen, J., T. Stuart (2000), Aging, obsolescence and organizational innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 45: 81\u2013112.","journal-title":"Administrative Science Quarterly"},{"key":"201_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.4250171004","volume":"17","author":"T. Stuart","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stuart, T., J. Podolny (1996), Local search and the evolution of technological capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 17: 21\u201338.","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"201_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016034516731","volume":"54","author":"A. Verbeek","year":"2002","unstructured":"Verbeek, A., K. Debackere, M. Luwel, P. Andries, E. Zimmerman, F. Deleus (2002), Linking science to technology: Using bibliographic references in patents to build linkage schemes. Scientometrics, 54(3): 399\u2013420.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"201_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026232526034","volume":"58","author":"A. Verbeek","year":"2003","unstructured":"Verbeek, A., K. Debackere, M. Luwel (2003), Science cited in patents: A geographic \u201cflow\u201d analysis of bibliographic citation patterns in patents. Scientometrics, 58(2): 241\u2013263.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"201_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005607614347","volume":"47","author":"B. Verspagen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Verspagen, B. (2000), The role of large multinationals in the Dutch technology infrastructure: A patent citation analysis. Scientometrics, 47(2): 427\u2013448.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"201_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wong, P. K. (2002a), From using to creating technology: The evolution of Singapore\u2019s national innovation system and the changing role of public policy. In: Lall, S., S. Urata (Eds), Foreign Direct Investment, Technology Development and Competitiveness in East Asia, Elgar.","DOI":"10.4337\/9781781950562.00015"},{"issue":"7\/8","key":"201_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTM.2002.003085","volume":"24","author":"P. K. Wong","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wong, P. K. (2002b), Globalization of American, European and Japanese production networks and the growth of Singapore\u2019s electronics industry, International Journal of Technology Management, 24(7\/8): 843\u2013869.","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology Management"}],"container-title":["Scientometrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11192-007-0201-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11192-007-0201-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11192-007-0201-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T05:51:17Z","timestamp":1707544277000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11192-007-0201-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11192-007-0201-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0138-9130","1588-2861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0138-9130","type":"print"},{"value":"1588-2861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}}}