{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:43:50Z","timestamp":1761489830941},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,12]],"date-time":"2015-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447286400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scientometrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-015-1785-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,12]],"date-time":"2015-11-12T09:04:11Z","timestamp":1447319051000},"page":"105-117","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Lung cancer researchers, 2008\u20132013: their sex and ethnicity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Grant","family":"Lewison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Roe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Webber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"1785_CR1","first-page":"227","volume":"429","author":"Anon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Anon, (2004). Equal treatment under the law. Nature, 429, 227. doi: 10.1038\/429227b .","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"1785_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7430.47-b","volume":"328","author":"N Awofeso","year":"2004","unstructured":"Awofeso, N. (2004). Encourage overseas-based researchers to return to improve academic medicine in the developing world. BMJ, 328(3), 47.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1785_CR3","unstructured":"Basu, A., Roe, P., & Lewison, G. (2012) The Indian diaspora in cancer research: a bibliometric assessment for Canada and the USA. In \u00c9. Archambault, Y. Gingras & V. Larivi\u00e8re (Eds.), Proceedings of the 17th international conference on science and technology indicators (pp. 110\u2013120). Montr\u00e9al: Science-Metrix and OST."},{"key":"1785_CR4","first-page":"128","volume":"1517","author":"A Bettachy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bettachy, A., Baitoul, M., Benelmostafa, M., & Mimouni, Z. (2013). Women in scientific research in physics in Morocco. Women Physics, 1517, 128\u2013129.","journal-title":"Women Physics"},{"issue":"4","key":"1785_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1111\/imig.12142","volume":"52","author":"V Breda","year":"2014","unstructured":"Breda, V. (2014). How to reverse the Italian Brain Drain: A master class from Australia. International Migration, 52(4), 64\u201377.","journal-title":"International Migration"},{"key":"1785_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1187\/cbe.13-02-0025","volume":"12","author":"AG Campbell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Campbell, A. G., Leibowitz, M. J., Murray, S. A., Burgess, D., Denetclaw, W. F., Carrero-Martinez, F. A., & Asai, D. J. (2013). Partnered research experiences for junior faculty at minority-serving institutions enhance professional success. CBE-Life Sciences Education, 12, 394\u2013402.","journal-title":"CBE-Life Sciences Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"1785_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1080\/13876988.2013.813122","volume":"15","author":"S Capuano","year":"2013","unstructured":"Capuano, S., & Marfouk, A. (2013). African Brain Drain and its impact on source countries: What do we know and what do we need to know? Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis, 15(4), 297\u2013314.","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis"},{"key":"1785_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/347504b0","volume":"347","author":"P Coles","year":"1990","unstructured":"Coles, P. (1990). Foreign researchers: Asking for trouble. Nature, 347, 504.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1785_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/434426b","volume":"434","author":"R Dalton","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dalton, R. (2005). US undervalues foreign researchers, survey reveals. Nature, 434, 426. doi: 10.1038\/434426b .","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1785_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ebbesen, T. W. (1995) Guest researchers in Japan. MRS Bulletin, February, 4\u20135.","DOI":"10.1557\/S0883769400049113"},{"issue":"1","key":"1785_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1017\/S0260210514000084","volume":"41","author":"L Ferracioli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ferracioli, L. (2015). Immigration, self-determination, and the brain drain. Review of International Studies, 41(1), 99\u2013115.","journal-title":"Review of International Studies"},{"key":"1785_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-013-1107-4","volume":"98","author":"KC Garg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Garg, K. C., & Kumar, S. (2014). Scientometric profile of Indian scientific output in life sciences with a focus on the contributions of women scientists. Scientometrics, 98, 1771\u20131783.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"1785_CR13","first-page":"166","volume":"38","author":"IM Gonenc","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gonenc, I. M., Akgun, S., Bahar-Ozvaris, S., & EminTunc, T. (2013). An analysis of the relationship between academic career and sex at Hacettepe University. Egitim ve Bilim-Education and Science, 38, 166\u2013178.","journal-title":"Egitim ve Bilim-Education and Science"},{"key":"1785_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1353\/rhe.2013.0040","volume":"36","author":"KA Griffin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Griffin, K. A., Bennett, J. C., & Harris, J. (2013). Marginalizing merit?: Gender differences in black faculty discourses on tenure, advancement, and professional success. Review of Higher Education, 36, 489\u2013512.","journal-title":"Review of Higher Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"1785_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1111\/imig.12013","volume":"52","author":"ND Gungor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gungor, N. D., & Tansel, A. (2014). Brain Drain from Turkey: Return intentions of skilled migrants. International Migration, 52(5), 208\u2013226.","journal-title":"International Migration"},{"key":"1785_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hassouneh, D., Lutz, K. F., Beckett, A. K., Junkins, E. P., & Horton, L. L. (2014) The experiences of underrepresented minority faculty in schools of medicine. Medical Education Online, 19.","DOI":"10.3402\/meo.v19.24768"},{"key":"1785_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/gtc.12065","volume":"18","author":"MK Homma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Homma, M. K., Motohashi, R., & Ohtsubo, H. (2013). Maximizing the potential of scientists in Japan: Promoting equal participation for women scientists through leadership development. Genes to Cells, 18, 529\u2013532.","journal-title":"Genes to Cells"},{"key":"1785_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-013-0980-1","volume":"95","author":"A Isfandyari-Moghaddam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Isfandyari-Moghaddam, A., & Hasanzadeh, M. (2013). A study of factors inhibiting research productivity of Iranian women in ISI. Scientometrics, 95, 797\u2013815.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"1785_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1086\/382843","volume":"74","author":"PT Jaeger","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jaeger, P. T., McClure, C. R., Bertot, J. C., & Snead, J. T. (2004). The USA PATRIOT Act, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, and information policy research in libraries: Issues, impacts, and questions for libraries and researchers. Library Quarterly, 74(2), 99\u2013121.","journal-title":"Library Quarterly"},{"issue":"7479","key":"1785_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/504211a","volume":"504","author":"V Larivi\u00e8re","year":"2013","unstructured":"Larivi\u00e8re, V., Ni, C., Gingras, Y., Cronin, B., & Sugimoto, C. R. (2013). Global gender disparities in science. Nature, 504(7479), 211\u2013213.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"1785_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/saje.12014","volume":"81","author":"AL Ngoma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ngoma, A. L., & Ismail, N. W. (2013). The impact of Brain Drain on human capital in developing countries. South African Journal of Economics, 81(2), 211\u2013224.","journal-title":"South African Journal of Economics"},{"issue":"5794","key":"1785_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1126\/science.313.5794.1722","volume":"313","author":"D Normile","year":"2006","unstructured":"Normile, D. (2006). Many overseas Chinese researchers find coming home a revelation. Science, 313(5794), 1722\u20131723.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6225","key":"1785_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1126\/science.347.6225.937","volume":"347","author":"D Normile","year":"2015","unstructured":"Normile, D. (2015). Higher Education: Japan looks to instill global mindset in grads. Science, 347(6225), 937.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"1785_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1086\/669567","volume":"123","author":"K Oberman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Oberman, K. (2013). Can Brain Drain justify immigration restrictions? Ethics, 123(3), 427\u2013455.","journal-title":"Ethics"},{"key":"1785_CR25","unstructured":"ONS. (2012). http:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/ons\/dcp171776_290558.pdf ."},{"key":"1785_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1038\/35070674","volume":"410","author":"S Pickin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pickin, S., Breuer, P., Fiksman, G., Mendoza, S. L., Gaona, A. L., & Tarnawiecki, C. S. (2001). Spain is a closed culture to foreign researchers. Nature, 410, 627.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1785_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e31829eefff","volume":"88","author":"LH Pololi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pololi, L. H., Evans, A. T., Gibbs, B. K., Krupat, E., Brennan, R. T., & Civian, J. T. (2013). The experience of minority faculty who are underrepresented in medicine, at 26 representative US medical schools. Academic Medicine, 88, 1308\u20131314.","journal-title":"Academic Medicine"},{"key":"1785_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1126\/science.333.6039.144","volume":"333","author":"J Qiu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Qiu, J. (2011). China: Foreign researchers begin to make their mark. Science, 333, 144.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1785_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/378117a0","volume":"378","author":"T Reichhardt","year":"1995","unstructured":"Reichhardt, T. (1995). Senate bill seeks to tighten controls on foreign researchers. Nature, 378, 117.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1785_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/380095a0","volume":"380","author":"T Reichhardt","year":"1996","unstructured":"Reichhardt, T. (1996). Lobbying in US Senate heads off restrictions on foreign researchers. Nature, 380, 95.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1785_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-013-1223-1","volume":"100","author":"P Roe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Roe, P., Lewison, G., & Webber, R. (2014). The sex and ethnicity or national origins of researchers in astronomy and oncology in four countries, 2006\u20132007 and 2011\u20132012. Scientometrics, 100, 287\u2013296.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"1785_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1038\/415945b","volume":"415","author":"Q Schiermeier","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schiermeier, Q., & Wegner, R. (2002). Foreign researchers turn their backs on Germany. Nature, 415, 945.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1785_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1038\/362867a0","volume":"362","author":"D Swinbanks","year":"1993","unstructured":"Swinbanks, D. (1993). Japan opens up to foreign researchers. Nature, 362, 867\u2013869.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"1785_CR34","first-page":"55","volume":"31","author":"AH Teich","year":"2014","unstructured":"Teich, A. H. (2014). Streamlining the visa and immigration systems for scientists and engineers. Issues in Science and Technology, 31(1), 55\u201364.","journal-title":"Issues in Science and Technology"},{"key":"1785_CR35","unstructured":"US Census Bureau. (2012). https:\/\/www.census.gov\/newsroom\/pdf\/cspan_fb_slides.pdf ."},{"issue":"2","key":"1785_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.2501\/S147078530920117X","volume":"52","author":"R Webber","year":"2010","unstructured":"Webber, R. (2010). Researching behavioural differences among ethnic minority groups: The case for inferring ethnicity on the basis of people\u2019s names. International Journal of Market Research, 52(2), 191\u2013215.","journal-title":"International Journal of Market Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"1785_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.3152\/147154401781776999","volume":"10","author":"BM Webster","year":"2001","unstructured":"Webster, B. M. (2001). Polish women in science: A bibliometric analysis of Polish science and its publications, 1980\u20131999. Research Evaluation, 10(3), 185\u2013194.","journal-title":"Research Evaluation"},{"issue":"31 July","key":"1785_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1126\/science.325_534","volume":"325","author":"H Xin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xin, H. (2009). China: Help wanted: 2000 leading lights to inject a spirit of innovation. Science, 325(31 July), 534\u2013535.","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Scientometrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11192-015-1785-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11192-015-1785-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11192-015-1785-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T09:27:39Z","timestamp":1567330059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11192-015-1785-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1785"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11192-015-1785-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0138-9130","1588-2861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0138-9130","type":"print"},{"value":"1588-2861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,12]]}}}