{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T18:19:30Z","timestamp":1775153970460,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scientometrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-017-2633-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T21:40:12Z","timestamp":1514929212000},"page":"1107-1127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Evaluation of h-index, its variants and extensions based on publication age & citation intensity in civil engineering"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Raheel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0752-0653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samreen","family":"Ayaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Muhammad Tanvir","family":"Afzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2633_CR1","first-page":"1529","volume":"17","author":"MT Afzal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Afzal, M. T., & Maurer, H. A. (2011). Expertise recommender system for scientific community. Journal of Universal Computer Science, 17(11), 1529\u20131549.","journal-title":"Journal of Universal Computer Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"2633_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-011-0582-8","volume":"91","author":"IF Aguillo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aguillo, I. F. (2011). Is Google Scholar useful for bibliometrics? A webometric analysis. Scientometrics, 91(2), 343\u2013351.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"2633_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alonso, S., Cabrerizo, F. J., Herrera-Viedma, E., & Herrera, F. (2009). h-Index: A review focused in its variants, computation and standardization for different scientific fields. Journal of Informetrics, 3(4), 273\u2013289.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2009.04.001"},{"issue":"3","key":"2633_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-007-2071-2","volume":"76","author":"T Anderson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Anderson, T., Hankin, R., & Killworth, P. (2008). Beyond the Durfee square: Enhancing the h-index to score total publication output. Scientometrics, 76(3), 577\u2013588.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2633_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-016-2122-z","volume":"109","author":"S Ayaz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ayaz, S., & Afzal, M. T. (2016). Identification of conversion factor for completing-h index for the field of mathematics. Scientometrics, 109(3), 1511\u20131524.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"2633_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balog, K., Azzopardi, L., & De Rijke, M. (2006). Formal models for expert finding in enterprise corpora. In Proceedings of the 29th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval (pp. 43\u201350). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/1148170.1148181"},{"issue":"2","key":"2633_CR6","first-page":"176","volume":"41","author":"J Beel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Beel, J., Gipp, B., & Wilde, E. (2009). Academic search engine optimization (ASEO): Optimizing scholarly literature for Google Scholar & Co. Journal of Scholarly Publishing, 41(2), 176\u2013190.","journal-title":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing"},{"key":"2633_CR7","unstructured":"Belew, R. K. (2005). Scientific impact quantity and quality: Analysis of two sources of bibliographic data. arXiv preprint cs\/0504036."},{"key":"2633_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bogers, T., & Van den Bosch, A. (2008). Recommending scientific articles using citeulike. In Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Recommender systems (pp. 287\u2013290). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/1454008.1454053"},{"issue":"3","key":"2633_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2011.01.006","volume":"5","author":"L Bornmann","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bornmann, L., Mutz, R., Hug, S. E., & Daniel, H. D. (2011). A multilevel meta-analysis of studies reporting correlations between the h index and 37 different h index variants. Journal of Informetrics, 5(3), 346\u2013359.","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2633_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-006-1774-5","volume":"73","author":"Q Burrell","year":"2007","unstructured":"Burrell, Q. (2007). Hirsch index or Hirsch rate? Some thoughts arising from Liang\u2019s data. Scientometrics, 73(1), 19\u201328.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2633_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2009.06.005","volume":"4","author":"FJ Cabrerizo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cabrerizo, F. J., Alonso, S., Herrera-Viedma, E., & Herrera, F. (2010). q2-Index: Quantitative and qualitative evaluation based on the number and impact of papers in the Hirsch core. Journal of Informetrics, 4(1), 23\u201328.","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"key":"2633_CR12","unstructured":"Cameron, D. H. L., Aleman-Meza, B., Decker, S., & Arpinar, I. B. (2007). SEMEF: A taxonomy-based discovery of experts, expertise and collaboration networks (Doctoral dissertation, University of Georgia)."},{"key":"2633_CR13","first-page":"122","volume-title":"Comparing variables of ordinal or dichotomous scales: Spearman rank-order, Point-biserial, and biserial correlations","author":"GW Corder","year":"2009","unstructured":"Corder, G. W., & Foreman, D. I. (2009). Comparing variables of ordinal or dichotomous scales: Spearman rank-order, Point-biserial, and biserial correlations (pp. 122\u2013154). Nonparametric Statistics for Non-Statisticians: A Step-by-Step Approach."},{"issue":"1","key":"2633_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.2478\/bpasts-2013-0001","volume":"61","author":"L Czarnecki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Czarnecki, L., Ka\u017amierkowski, M. P., & Rogalski, A. (2013). Doing Hirsch proud; shaping H-index in engineering sciences. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences, 61(1), 5\u201321.","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"2633_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-013-1089-2","volume":"98","author":"JC Winter De","year":"2014","unstructured":"De Winter, J. C., Zadpoor, A. A., & Dodou, D. (2014). The expansion of Google Scholar versus web of science: A longitudinal study. Scientometrics, 98(2), 1547\u20131565.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"2633_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, H., Han, J., Lyu, M. R., & King, I. (2012). Modeling and exploiting heterogeneous bibliographic networks for expertise ranking. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM\/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (pp. 71\u201380). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/2232817.2232833"},{"issue":"2","key":"2633_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2015.01.003","volume":"9","author":"KR Dienes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dienes, K. R. (2015). Completing h. Journal of Informetrics, 9(2), 385\u2013397.","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2633_CR19","first-page":"8","volume":"2","author":"L Egghe","year":"2006","unstructured":"Egghe, L. (2006). An improvement of the h-index: The g-index. ISSI Newsletter, 2(1), 8\u20139.","journal-title":"ISSI Newsletter"},{"issue":"3","key":"2633_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2011.03.006","volume":"5","author":"L Egghe","year":"2011","unstructured":"Egghe, L. (2011). Characterizations of the generalized Wu- and Kosmulski-indices in Lotkaian systems. Journal of Informetrics, 5(3), 439\u2013445.","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2633_CR21","first-page":"63","volume":"5","author":"G Ellison","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ellison, G. (2013). How does the market use citation data? The Hirsch index in economics. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 5(3), 63\u201390.","journal-title":"American Economic Journal: Applied Economics"},{"key":"2633_CR22","volume-title":"Straightforward statistics for the behavioral sciences","author":"JD Evans","year":"1996","unstructured":"Evans, J. D. (1996). Straightforward statistics for the behavioral sciences. Pacific Grove: Brooks\/Cole publishing."},{"issue":"2","key":"2633_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.07-9492LSF","volume":"22","author":"ME Falagas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Falagas, M. E., Pitsouni, E. I., Malietzis, G. A., & Pappas, G. (2008). Comparison of PubMed, Scopus, web of science, and Google Scholar: strengths and weaknesses. The FASEB Journal, 22(2), 338\u2013342.","journal-title":"The FASEB Journal"},{"key":"2633_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang, H., & Zhai, C. (2007). Probabilistic models for expert finding. In European Conference on Information Retrieval (pp. 418\u2013430). Berlin: Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-71496-5_38"},{"issue":"1","key":"2633_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-013-0975-y","volume":"98","author":"AW Harzing","year":"2014","unstructured":"Harzing, A. W. (2014). A longitudinal study of Google Scholar coverage between 2012 and 2013. Scientometrics, 98(1), 565\u2013575.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"2633_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.050404","volume":"172","author":"J Henderson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Henderson, J. (2005). Google Scholar: A source for clinicians? Canadian Medical Association Journal, 172(12), 1549\u20131550.","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"issue":"46","key":"2633_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16569","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507655102","volume":"102","author":"Jorge E Hirsch","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hirsch, Jorge E. (2005). An index to quantify an individual\u2019s scientific research output. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(46), 16569\u201316572.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"2633_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacs\u00f3, P. (2008). The pros and cons of computing the h-index using Google Scholar. Online Information Review, 32(3), 437\u2013452.","DOI":"10.1108\/14684520810889718"},{"issue":"1","key":"2633_CR28","first-page":"8","volume":"1","author":"B Jin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jin, B. (2006). H-index: an evaluation indicator proposed by scientist. Science Focus, 1(1), 8\u20139. (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Science Focus"},{"issue":"1","key":"2633_CR29","first-page":"6","volume":"3","author":"B Jin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jin, B. (2007). The AR-index: complementing the h-index. ISSI Newsletter, 3(1), 6.","journal-title":"ISSI Newsletter"},{"issue":"6","key":"2633_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s11434-007-0145-9","volume":"52","author":"B Jin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jin, B., Liang, L., Rousseau, R., & Egghe, L. (2007). The R- and AR-indices: Complementing the h-index. Chinese Science Bulletin, 52(6), 855\u2013863.","journal-title":"Chinese Science Bulletin"},{"issue":"3","key":"2633_CR31","first-page":"4","volume":"2","author":"M Kosmulski","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kosmulski, M. (2006). A new Hirsch-type index saves time and works equally well as the original h-index. ISSI Newsletter, 2(3), 4\u20136.","journal-title":"ISSI Newsletter"},{"issue":"1","key":"2633_CR32","first-page":"1","volume":"11","author":"M Kosmulski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kosmulski, M. (2007). MAXPROD\u2014A new index for assessment of the scientific output of an individual, and a comparison. Cybermetrics, 11(1), 1\u20135.","journal-title":"Cybermetrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2633_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2012.12.002","volume":"7","author":"M Kosmulski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kosmulski, M. (2013). Family-tree of bibliometric indices. Journal of Informetrics, 7(2), 313\u2013317.","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"key":"2633_CR34","unstructured":"Liu, Y. & Rousseau, R. (2007). Hirsch-type indices and library management: The case of Tongji University Library. In 11th International Conference of the International Society for Scientrometrics and Informetrics, June 25\u201327, (pp. 514\u2013522) Madrid, Spain."},{"issue":"13","key":"2633_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20677","volume":"58","author":"LI Meho","year":"2007","unstructured":"Meho, L. I., & Yang, K. (2007). Impact of data sources on citation counts and rankings of LIS faculty: Web of science versus scopus and Google Scholar. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58(13), 2105\u20132125.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2633_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2016.04.017","volume":"10","author":"HF Moed","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moed, H. F., Bar-Ilan, J., & Halevi, G. (2016). A new methodology for comparing Google Scholar and scopus. Journal of Informetrics, 10(2), 533\u2013551.","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"key":"2633_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noruzi, A. (2005). Google Scholar: The new generation of citation indexes. Libri, 55(4), 170\u2013180.","DOI":"10.1515\/LIBR.2005.170"},{"issue":"3","key":"2633_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-008-2174-9","volume":"81","author":"J Panaretos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Panaretos, J., & Malesios, C. (2009). Assessing scientific research performance and impact with single indices. Scientometrics, 81(3), 635\u2013670.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2633_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bar.2009.10.002","volume":"41","author":"D Rosenstreich","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rosenstreich, D., & Wooliscroft, B. (2009). Measuring the impact of accounting journals using Google Scholar and the g-index. The British Accounting Review, 41(4), 227\u2013239.","journal-title":"The British Accounting Review"},{"issue":"9","key":"2633_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20856","volume":"59","author":"M Schreiber","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schreiber, M. (2008). An empirical investigation of the g-index for 26 physicists in comparison with the h-index, the A-index, and the R-index. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 59(9), 1513\u20131522.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"8","key":"2633_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1002\/andp.201000046","volume":"522","author":"M Schreiber","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schreiber, M. (2010). Twenty Hirsch index variants and other indicators giving more or less preference to highly cited papers. Annalen der Physik, 522(8), 536\u2013554.","journal-title":"Annalen der Physik"},{"issue":"2","key":"2633_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-007-1722-z","volume":"72","author":"A Sidiropoulos","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sidiropoulos, A., Katsaros, D., & Manolopoulos, Y. (2007). Generalized Hirsch h-index for disclosing latent facts in citation networks. Scientometrics, 72(2), 253\u2013280.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"2633_CR42","unstructured":"Sun, J., Ma, J., Cheng, X., Liu, Z. & Cao, X. (2013). Finding an expert: A model recommendation system. In Thirty Fourth International Conference on Information Systems, Milan."},{"issue":"2","key":"2633_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-008-2079-7","volume":"80","author":"R Tol","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tol, R. (2009). The h-index and its alternatives: An application to the 100 most prolific economists. Scientometrics, 80(2), 317\u2013324.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2633_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1556\/Scient.67.2006.3.10","volume":"67","author":"AF Raan Van","year":"2006","unstructured":"Van Raan, A. F. (2006). Comparison of the Hirsch-index with standard bibliometric indicators and with peer judgment for 147 chemistry research groups. Scientometrics, 67(3), 491\u2013502.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"2633_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-014-1423-3","volume":"10191","author":"L Wildgaard","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wildgaard, L., Schneider, J. W., & Larsen, B. (2014). A review of the characteristics of 108 author-level bibliometric indicators. Scientometrics, 10191, 125\u2013158.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2633_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21276","volume":"61","author":"Q Wu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wu, Q. (2010). The w-index: A measure to assess scientific impact by focusing on widely cited papers. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 61(3), 609\u2013614.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2633_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-017-2475-y","volume":"113","author":"Q Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu, Q., & Zhang, P. (2017). Some indices violating the basic domination relation. Scientometrics, 113(1), 495\u2013500.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2633_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-016-2147-3","volume":"109","author":"Z Yan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yan, Z., Wu, Q., & Li, X. (2016). Do Hirsch-type indices behave the same in assessing single publications? An empirical study of 29 bibliometric indicators. Scientometrics, 109(3), 1815\u20131833.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"}],"container-title":["Scientometrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11192-017-2633-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11192-017-2633-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11192-017-2633-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]],"date-time":"2024-06-30T07:06:31Z","timestamp":1719731191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11192-017-2633-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["2633"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11192-017-2633-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0138-9130","1588-2861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0138-9130","type":"print"},{"value":"1588-2861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]}}}