{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T06:50:50Z","timestamp":1770274250228,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]],"date-time":"2018-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scientometrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-018-2706-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]],"date-time":"2018-03-12T03:16:20Z","timestamp":1520824580000},"page":"1241-1252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Comparing research productivity of returnee-PhDs in science, engineering, and the social sciences"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0262-7785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Varsha","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2706_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-011-0426-6","volume":"88","author":"G Abramo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abramo, G., D\u2019Angelo, C. A., & Di Costa, F. (2011). Research productivity: Are higher academic ranks more productive than lower ones? Scientometrics, 88(3), 915\u2013928.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2706_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3102\/0013189X025004005","volume":"25","author":"JR Anderson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Anderson, J. R., Reder, L. M., & Simon, H. A. (1996). Situated learning and education. Educational Researcher, 25(4), 5\u201311.","journal-title":"Educational Researcher"},{"key":"2706_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.12.3.171","volume":"12","author":"N Aslanbeigui","year":"1998","unstructured":"Aslanbeigui, N., & Montecinos, V. (1998). Foreign students in US doctoral programs. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 12, 171\u2013182.","journal-title":"The Journal of Economic Perspectives"},{"issue":"4","key":"2706_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1080\/00221546.1989.11775047","volume":"60","author":"G Bar-Haim","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bar-Haim, G., & Wilkes, J. M. (1989). A cognitive interpretation of the marginality and underrepresentation of women in science. The Journal of Higher Education, 60(4), 371\u2013387.","journal-title":"The Journal of Higher Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"2706_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.128.4.612","volume":"128","author":"SM Barnett","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barnett, S. M., & Ceci, S. J. (2002). When and where do we apply what we learn? A taxonomy for far transfer. Psychological Bulletin, 128(4), 612.","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"2706_CR6","unstructured":"B\u00f8gelund, P., & de Graaff, E. (2015). The road to become a legitimate scholar: A case study of international PhD students in science and engineering. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 10, 519\u2013532. \n                    http:\/\/ijds.org\/Volume10\/IJDSv10p519-533Bogelund2013.pdf\n                    \n                  . Accessed  12 Oct 2016."},{"key":"2706_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3386\/w12085","volume-title":"Immigration in high-skill labor markets: The impact of foreign students on the earnings of doctorates","author":"GJ Borjas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Borjas, G. J. (2006). Immigration in high-skill labor markets: The impact of foreign students on the earnings of doctorates (Vol. 12085). Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research."},{"key":"2706_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1080\/03075079.2014.943656","volume":"41","author":"EM Brodin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brodin, E. M. (2016). Critical and creative thinking nexus: Learning experiences of doctoral students. Studies in Higher Education, 41, 971\u2013989.","journal-title":"Studies in Higher Education"},{"key":"2706_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3102\/0013189X018001032","volume":"18","author":"JS Brown","year":"1989","unstructured":"Brown, J. S., Collins, A., & Duguid, P. (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 18, 32\u201342.","journal-title":"Educational Researcher"},{"issue":"8","key":"2706_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1111\/cogs.12203","volume":"39","author":"S Chandrasekharan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chandrasekharan, S., & Nersessian, N. J. (2015). Building cognition: The construction of computational representations for scientific discovery. Cognitive Science, 39(8), 1727\u20131763.","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"2706_CR11","volume-title":"The productivity puzzle. Advances in motivation and achievement. Women in Science","author":"JR Cole","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cole, J. R., & Zuckerman, H. (1984). The productivity puzzle. Advances in motivation and achievement. Women in Science. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press."},{"key":"2706_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01706","volume":"6","author":"SJ Cowley","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cowley, S. J. (2015). How peer-review constrains cognition: On the frontline in the knowledge sector. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1706. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01706\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"2706_CR13","unstructured":"Dunbar, K. (2001). What scientific thinking reveals about the nature of cognition. Designing for science: Implications from Everyday, Classroom, and Professional Settings, 115\u2013140."},{"key":"2706_CR14","unstructured":"Elsevier, B. V. (2012). International comparative performance of India\u2019s scientific research. India: Report commissioned by the Department of Science and Technology (DST)."},{"issue":"2","key":"2706_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/030631283013002005","volume":"13","author":"MF Fox","year":"1983","unstructured":"Fox, M. F. (1983). Publication productivity among scientists: A critical review. Social Studies of Science, 13(2), 285\u2013305.","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"key":"2706_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8454.2006.00299.x","volume":"45","author":"KJ Fox","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fox, K. J., & Milbourne, R. (2006). Is it harder to soar with eagles when you work with turkeys? Australian Economic Papers, 45, 362\u2013371.","journal-title":"Australian Economic Papers"},{"issue":"12","key":"2706_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2449","volume":"30","author":"C Franzoni","year":"2012","unstructured":"Franzoni, C., Scellato, G., & Stephan, P. (2012). Foreign-born scientists: Mobility patterns for 16 countries. Nature Biotechnology, 30(12), 1250.","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnology"},{"issue":"5259","key":"2706_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1038\/227669a0","volume":"227","author":"E Garfield","year":"1970","unstructured":"Garfield, E. (1970). Citation indexing for studying science. Nature, 227(5259), 669\u2013671.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"2706_CR19","first-page":"5","volume":"26","author":"JG Greeno","year":"1997","unstructured":"Greeno, J. G. (1997). On claims that answer the wrong questions. Educational Researcher, 26(1), 5\u201317.","journal-title":"Educational Researcher"},{"key":"2706_CR20","first-page":"99","volume-title":"Transfer on trial: Intelligence, cognition, and instruction","author":"JG Greeno","year":"1993","unstructured":"Greeno, J. G., Moore, J. L., & Smith, D. R. (1993). Transfer of situated learning. In D. Detterman & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), Transfer on trial: Intelligence, cognition, and instruction (pp. 99\u2013167). Norwood, NJ: Ablex."},{"issue":"2","key":"2706_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2496(67)90052-1","volume":"4","author":"LW Gregg","year":"1967","unstructured":"Gregg, L. W., & Simon, H. A. (1967). Process models and stochastic theories of simple concept formation. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 4(2), 246\u2013276.","journal-title":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2706_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02458437","volume":"45","author":"BM Gupta","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gupta, B. M., Kumar, S., & Aggarwal, B. S. (1999). A comparision of productivity of male and female scientists of CSIR. Scientometrics, 45(2), 269\u2013289.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"2706_CR23","unstructured":"Hayes, J. R. (1990). Cognitive processes in creativity. (Paper No. 18). University of California Berkeley."},{"key":"2706_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2013.07.008","volume":"82","author":"M Heitor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heitor, M., Horta, H., & Mendon\u00e7a, J. (2014). Developing human capital and research capacity: Science policies promoting brain gain. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 82, 6\u201322.","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change"},{"issue":"2","key":"2706_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.100.2.353","volume":"100","author":"C Hilmer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hilmer, C., & Hilmer, M. (2010). Are there gender differences in the job mobility patterns of academic economists? The American Economic Review, 100(2), 353\u2013357.","journal-title":"The American Economic Review"},{"issue":"46","key":"2706_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16569","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507655102","volume":"102","author":"JE Hirsch","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hirsch, J. E. (2005). An index to quantify an individual\u2019s scientific research output. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(46), 16569.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"1","key":"2706_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1201_1","volume":"12","author":"D Klahr","year":"1988","unstructured":"Klahr, D., & Dunbar, K. (1988). Dual space search during scientific reasoning. Cognitive Science, 12(1), 1\u201348.","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"2706_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511815355","volume-title":"Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation","author":"J Lave","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"issue":"6","key":"2706_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.43.6.431","volume":"43","author":"DR Lehman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lehman, D. R., Lempert, R. O., & Nisbett, R. E. (1988). The effects of graduate training on reasoning: Formal discipline and thinking about everyday-life events. American Psychologist, 43(6), 431.","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"issue":"1","key":"2706_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1080\/09739572.2014.957974","volume":"8","author":"K Lum","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lum, K. (2015). Operationalizing the highly skilled diasporic transnational family: China and India\u2019s transnational governance strategies. Diaspora Studies, 8(1), 51\u201365.","journal-title":"Diaspora Studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"2706_CR31","first-page":"411","volume":"96","author":"V Mishra","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mishra, V., & Smyth, R. (2013). Are more senior academics really more research productive than junior academics? Evidence from Australian law schools. Scientometrics, 96(2), 411\u2013425.","journal-title":"Evidence from Australian law schools. Scientometrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2706_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1080\/07294360.2010.487199","volume":"29","author":"S Mowbray","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mowbray, S., & Halse, C. (2010). The purpose of the PhD: Theorising the skills acquired by students. Higher Education Research & Development, 29(6), 653\u2013664.","journal-title":"Higher Education Research & Development"},{"issue":"4","key":"2706_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1080\/0307507022000011507","volume":"27","author":"G Mullins","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mullins, G., & Kiley, M. (2002). \u201cIt\u2019s a PhD, not a Nobel Prize\u201d: How experienced examiners assess research theses. Studies in Higher Education, 27(4), 369\u2013386.","journal-title":"Studies in Higher Education"},{"key":"2706_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.28945\/2256","volume":"10","author":"R Nethsinghe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nethsinghe, R., & Southcott, J. (2015). A juggling act: Supervisor\/candidate partnership in a doctoral thesis by publication. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 10, 167\u2013185.","journal-title":"International Journal of Doctoral Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"2706_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/03057267.2017.1248627","volume":"53","author":"P Pande","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pande, P., & Chandrasekharan, S. (2017). Representational competence: Towards a distributed and embodied cognition account. Studies in Science Education, 53(1), 1\u201343.","journal-title":"Studies in Science Education"},{"key":"2706_CR36","volume-title":"Redefining the doctorate","author":"C Park","year":"2007","unstructured":"Park, C. (2007). Redefining the doctorate. York: Higher Education Academy."},{"key":"2706_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01383729","volume":"28","author":"P Ramsden","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ramsden, P. (1994). Describing and explaining research productivity. Higher Education, 28, 207\u2013226.","journal-title":"Higher Education"},{"key":"2706_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4752(01)00023-8","volume":"12","author":"WM Roth","year":"2002","unstructured":"Roth, W. M., & Lawless, D. (2002). Scientific investigations, metaphorical gestures, and the emergence of abstract scientific concepts. Learning and Instruction, 12, 285\u2013304.","journal-title":"Learning and Instruction"},{"key":"2706_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2016.02.004","volume":"66","author":"BK Sahoo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sahoo, B. K., Singh, R., Mishra, B., & Sankaran, K. (2017). Research productivity in management schools of India during 1968-2015: A directional benefit-of-doubt model analysis. Omega, 66, 118\u2013139.","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"2706_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-010-9521-1_16","volume-title":"Models of Discovery","author":"Herbert A. Simon","year":"1977","unstructured":"Simon, H. A. (1977). Scientific discovery and the psychology of problem solving. In Models of discovery (pp. 286\u2013303). Dordrecht: Springer."},{"issue":"3","key":"2706_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1177\/016224399101600303","volume":"16","author":"GDL Travis","year":"1991","unstructured":"Travis, G. D. L., & Collins, H. M. (1991). New light on old boys: Cognitive and institutional particularism in the peer review system. Science, Technology and Human Values, 16(3), 322\u2013341.","journal-title":"Science, Technology and Human Values"},{"issue":"3","key":"2706_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1093\/reseval\/rvv009","volume":"24","author":"Q Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang, Q., & Sandstr\u00f6m, U. (2015). Defining the role of cognitive distance in the peer review process with an explorative study of a grant scheme in infection biology. Research Evaluation, 24(3), 271\u2013281.","journal-title":"Research Evaluation"},{"issue":"10","key":"2706_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1080\/03075079.2011.634901","volume":"38","author":"J Wellington","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wellington, J. (2013). Searching for \u2018doctorateness\u2019. Studies in Higher Education, 38(10), 1490\u20131503.","journal-title":"Studies in Higher Education"},{"key":"2706_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03196322","volume":"9","author":"M Wilson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wilson, M. (2002). Six views of embodied cognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 9, 625\u2013636.","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"key":"2706_CR45","volume-title":"Public knowledge: An Essay Concerning the Social Dimension of Science","author":"JM Ziman","year":"1968","unstructured":"Ziman, J. M. (1968). Public knowledge: An Essay Concerning the Social Dimension of Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."}],"container-title":["Scientometrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11192-018-2706-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11192-018-2706-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11192-018-2706-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]],"date-time":"2019-08-29T05:55:56Z","timestamp":1567058156000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11192-018-2706-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["2706"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11192-018-2706-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0138-9130","1588-2861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0138-9130","type":"print"},{"value":"1588-2861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 October 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2018","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}