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Literature suggests that formal and informal governance could trigger changes in academics\u2019 publication behavior by valorizing certain publication outputs. In the article, secondary data from three surveys (1992, 2007 and 2018) is used for a multi-level study of the evolution of academics\u2019 publication behavior. We find a trend toward the \u201cmodel\u201d of natural science publication behavior across all disciplines. On the organizational level, we observe that a strong HEI research performance orientation is positively correlated with journal articles, peer-reviewed publications, and co-publications with international co-authors. HEI performance-based funding is only positively correlated with the share of peer-reviewed publications. At the level of individual disciplines, humanities and social sciences scholars adapt to the peer-reviewed journal publication paradigm of the natural sciences at the expense of book publications. Considering how the academic profession is organized around reputation and status, it seems plausible that the academic profession and its institutional oligarchy are key contexts for the slow but steady change of academics\u2019 publication behavior. The trend of changing academics\u2019 publication behavior is partly related to HEI valorization of performance and (to a lesser extent) to HEI performance based-funding schemes, which are set by the strong academic profession in the weak evaluation state of Germany.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-021-04216-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T15:02:40Z","timestamp":1641913360000},"page":"1-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A study of 25\u00a0years of publication outputs in the German academic profession"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"127","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3240-9487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Schneijderberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0519-0232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolai","family":"G\u00f6tze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3811-0144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"4216_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1093\/reseval\/rvv003","volume":"24","author":"K Aagaard","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aagaard, K., Bloch, C., & Schneider, J. 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