{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:36:04Z","timestamp":1778621764655,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scientometrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-025-05461-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T10:01:29Z","timestamp":1762164089000},"page":"6455-6475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Research funding in Turkiye: linking TUBITAK policy change to scientific productivity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Faruk","family":"Ayd\u0131n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7102-493X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zehra","family":"Ta\u015fk\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"5461_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.31857\/S086904992304010X","volume":"4","author":"EV Agamirova","year":"2023","unstructured":"Agamirova, E. V., Ba\u043bep\u044ce\u0432\u043da, A. E., Zharova, E. N., H\u0438\u043ao\u043bae\u0432\u043da, \u0416E., Malakhov, V. A., & A\u043be\u043aca\u043d\u0434po\u0432\u0438\u0447, M. B. (2023). Problems and prospects of the development of social and human sciences in the system of scientific knowledge. Ob\u015destvennye Nauki i Sovremennost, 4, 35\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31857\/S086904992304010X","journal-title":"Ob\u015destvennye Nauki i Sovremennost"},{"key":"5461_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2024.103083","volume":"136","author":"C Aguiar-Hernandez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aguiar-Hernandez, C., & Breetz, H. L. (2024). The adverse effects of political instability on innovation systems: The case of Mexico\u2019s wind and solar sector. Technovation, 136, Article 103083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.technovation.2024.103083","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"issue":"1","key":"5461_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215824401982957","DOI":"10.1177\/2158244019829575","volume":"9","author":"DW Aksnes","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aksnes, D. W., Langfeldt, L., & Wouters, P. (2019). Citations, citation indicators, and research quality: An overview of basic concepts and theories. SAGE Open, 9(1), 2158244019829575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2158244019829575","journal-title":"SAGE Open"},{"key":"5461_CR4","unstructured":"Aksnes, D., & Sivertsen, G. (2009). A macro-study of scientific productivity and publication patterns across all scientific and scholarly disciplines. 12th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics, ISSI 2009, 394\u2013398."},{"key":"5461_CR5","unstructured":"Beres, G. (2025, June 12). Largest study of its kind shows that the \u2018Matthew effect\u2019 in science funding holds true. Research on Research. https:\/\/researchonresearch.org\/largest-study-of-its-kind-shows-that-the-matthew-effect-in-science-funding-holds-true\/"},{"key":"5461_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bol, T., de Vaan, M., & van de Rijt, A. (2018). The Matthew effect in science funding. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(19), 4887\u20134890. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1719557115","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1719557115"},{"issue":"1","key":"5461_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s12564-009-9010-7","volume":"10","author":"D Chang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chang, D., Wu, C., Ching, G. S., & Tang, C. (2009). An evaluation of the dynamics of the plan to develop first-class universities and top-level research centers in Taiwan. Asia Pacific Education Review, 10(1), 47\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12564-009-9010-7","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Education Review"},{"key":"5461_CR8","unstructured":"Hazer, \u0130. B. K. (2025). The Evolution of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy: The Turkish Case [Doctoral dissertation, Middle East Technical University]. https:\/\/open.metu.edu.tr\/handle\/11511\/114968"},{"issue":"1","key":"5461_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-021-00891-x","volume":"8","author":"R Heyard","year":"2021","unstructured":"Heyard, R., & Hottenrott, H. (2021). The value of research funding for knowledge creation and dissemination: A study of SNSF Research Grants. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 8(1), 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/s41599-021-00891-x","journal-title":"Humanities and Social Sciences Communications"},{"issue":"2","key":"5461_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2011.09.007","volume":"41","author":"D Hicks","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hicks, D. (2012). Performance-based university research funding systems. Research Policy, 41(2), 251\u2013261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.respol.2011.09.007","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"7548","key":"5461_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/520429a","volume":"520","author":"D Hicks","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hicks, D., Wouters, P., Waltman, L., de Rijcke, S., & Rafols, I. (2015). Bibliometrics: The Leiden manifesto for research metrics. Nature, 520(7548), 429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/520429a","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"5461_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2011.05.005","volume":"95","author":"BA Jacob","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jacob, B. A., & Lefgren, L. (2011). The impact of research grant funding on scientific productivity. Journal of Public Economics, 95(9), 1168\u20131177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2011.05.005","journal-title":"Journal of Public Economics"},{"issue":"6","key":"5461_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0099900","volume":"9","author":"J Johnson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Johnson, J., Sharman, Z., Vissandj\u00e9e, B., & Stewart, D. E. (2014). Does a change in health research funding policy related to the integration of sex and gender have an impact? PLoS ONE, 9(6), Article e99900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0099900","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5461_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-13281-270325","author":"KE Kaiser","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kaiser, K. E., Braswell, A. E., & Fork, M. L. (2022). NSF supported socio-environmental research: How do crosscutting programs affect research funding, publication, and citation patterns? Ecology and Society. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5751\/ES-13281-270325","journal-title":"Ecology and Society"},{"issue":"8","key":"5461_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000222","volume":"72","author":"RM Kaplan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kaplan, R. M., Johnson, S. B., & Kobor, P. C. (2017). NIH behavioral and social sciences research support: 1980\u20132016. American Psychologist, 72(8), 808\u2013821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/amp0000222","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"issue":"2","key":"5461_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1080\/19761597.2020.1734951","volume":"28","author":"W Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim, W., & Min, S. (2020). The effects of funding policy change on the scientific performance of government research institutes. Asian Journal of Technology Innovation, 28(2), 272\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19761597.2020.1734951","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Technology Innovation"},{"key":"5461_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2017.06.002","volume":"16","author":"C Leeuwis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Leeuwis, C., Klerkx, L., & Schut, M. (2018). Reforming the research policy and impact culture in the CGIAR: Integrating science and systemic capacity development. Global Food Security, 16, 17\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gfs.2017.06.002","journal-title":"Global Food Security"},{"issue":"1","key":"5461_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2020.101108","volume":"15","author":"CH Liao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liao, C. H. (2021). The matthew effect and the halo effect in research funding. Journal of Informetrics, 15(1), Article 101108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joi.2020.101108","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"key":"5461_CR19","unstructured":"Lin, P. J. S., Fan, L., Long, Y., Garcia, S. E., & Biswas, J. (2015). Our Experience Converting an IBM Forecasting Solution from R to IBM SPSS Modeler. IBM."},{"issue":"3810","key":"5461_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1126\/science.159.3810.56","volume":"159","author":"RK Merton","year":"1968","unstructured":"Merton, R. K. (1968). The matthew effect in science. Science, 159(3810), 56\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.159.3810.56","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"5461_CR21","unstructured":"Mitra, A., & Niakaros, K. (2023). The Horizon effect: A counterfactual analysis of EU research & innovation grants - European Commission (978\u201392\u201368\u201308969\u20139). https:\/\/research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu\/knowledge-publications-tools-and-data\/publications\/all-publications\/horizon-effect-counterfactual-analysis-eu-research-innovation-grants_en"},{"key":"5461_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/reseval\/rvw007","author":"P Mongeon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mongeon, P., Brodeur, C., Beaudry, C., & Lariviere, V. (2016). Concentration of research funding leads to decreasing marginal returns. Research Evaluation rvw007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/reseval\/rvw007","journal-title":"Research Evaluation rvw007"},{"issue":"2","key":"5461_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1080\/13511610.2022.2097054","volume":"38","author":"YM Ooi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ooi, Y. M., & Husted, K. (2025). Problem-solving and organisation of public-funded challenge-based research projects using a wicked problem lens. Innovation: THe European Journal of Social Science Research, 38(2), 1052\u20131071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13511610.2022.2097054","journal-title":"Innovation: THe European Journal of Social Science Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"5461_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1017\/S1062798720000083","volume":"28","author":"I Ozer-Imer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ozer-Imer, I., & Imer, S. T. (2020). The political economy of restructuring in science and technology in Turkey. European Review, 28(4), 573\u2013586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1062798720000083","journal-title":"European Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"5461_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02018158","volume":"20","author":"ML Pao","year":"1991","unstructured":"Pao, M. L. (1991). On the relationship of funding and research publications. Scientometrics, 20(1), 257\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF02018158","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"5461_CR26","unstructured":"Regulation on programs conducted by the research support programs presidency of the scientific and technological research council of Turkey, 27208 (2009). https:\/\/www.resmigazete.gov.tr\/eskiler\/2009\/04\/20090422-12.htm"},{"key":"5461_CR27","unstructured":"Regulation on Project Incentive and Support Principles of the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, 25750 (2005). https:\/\/www.resmigazete.gov.tr\/eskiler\/2005\/03\/20050309-14.htm"},{"key":"5461_CR28","unstructured":"Regulation on the principles of encouragement and support of the scientific and technological research council of Turkey research and development projects, 20827 (1991). https:\/\/www.resmigazete.gov.tr\/arsiv\/20827.pdf"},{"issue":"9","key":"5461_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7859","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-021-04077-9","volume":"126","author":"S Roshani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roshani, S., Bagherylooieh, M.-R., Mosleh, M., & Coccia, M. (2021). What is the relationship between research funding and citation-based performance? A comparative analysis between critical disciplines. Scientometrics, 126(9), 7859\u20137874. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11192-021-04077-9","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"5461_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166149","volume":"11","author":"U Sandstr\u00f6m","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sandstr\u00f6m, U., & van den Besselaar, P. (2016). Quantity and\/or quality? The importance of publishing many papers. PLoS ONE, 11(11), Article e0166149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0166149","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"5461_CR31","volume":"11","author":"EB Satoglu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Satoglu, E. B., Balk\u0131\u015f, G., & Damar, H. (2021). T\u00dcB\u0130TAK Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Geli\u015ftirme ve Proje Desteklerinin Akademik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Faaliyetlerine Olan Etkisi. Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Ve Bilim Dergisi, 11(1), Article 1.","journal-title":"Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Ve Bilim Dergisi"},{"issue":"1","key":"5461_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1017\/S0047279416000283","volume":"46","author":"KE Smith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smith, K. E., & Stewart, E. (2017). We need to talk about impact: Why social policy academics need to engage with the UK\u2019s research impact agenda. Journal of Social Policy, 46(1), 109\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0047279416000283","journal-title":"Journal of Social Policy"},{"issue":"3","key":"5461_CR33","first-page":"1199","volume":"34","author":"PE Stephan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stephan, P. E. (1996). The economics of science. Journal of Economic Literature, 34(3), 1199\u20131235.","journal-title":"Journal of Economic Literature"},{"key":"5461_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ta\u015fk\u0131n, Z., P\u00f6l\u00f6nen, J., Kulczycki, E., & Laakso, M. (2024) Mapping the publisher types and collaborations behind Web of Science indexed journals. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31235\/osf.io\/8skzg","DOI":"10.31235\/osf.io\/8skzg"},{"key":"5461_CR35","unstructured":"The World Bank. (2019). Turkey Productivity Report 2019: Firm productivity and economic growth in Turkey. https:\/\/documents1.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/305601561046781065\/pdf\/Turkey-Country-Economic-Memorandum-Firm-Productivity-and-Economic-Growth.pdf"},{"issue":"2","key":"5461_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00254","volume":"4","author":"M Thelwall","year":"2023","unstructured":"Thelwall, M., Kousha, K., Abdoli, M., Stuart, E., Makita, M., Font-Juli\u00e1n, C. I., Wilson, P., & Levitt, J. (2023). Is research funding always beneficial? A cross-disciplinary analysis of U.K. research 2014\u201320. Quantitative Science Studies, 4(2), 501\u2013534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/qss_a_00254","journal-title":"Quantitative Science Studies"},{"issue":"3","key":"5461_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1093\/scipol\/scy066","volume":"46","author":"T T\u00f5nismann","year":"2019","unstructured":"T\u00f5nismann, T. (2019). Paths of Baltic States public research funding 1989\u20132010: Between institutional heritage and internationalisation. Science and Public Policy, 46(3), 391\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/scipol\/scy066","journal-title":"Science and Public Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"5461_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-020-03688-y","volume":"125","author":"Y Tonta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tonta, Y., & Akbulut, M. (2020). Does monetary support increase citation impact of scholarly papers? Scientometrics, 125(2), 1617\u20131641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11192-020-03688-y","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"5461_CR39","unstructured":"TUBITAK 2018\u20132023 Strategic Plan. (2018) https:\/\/tubitak.gov.tr\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-09\/tubitak_2019-2023_stratejik_plani.pdf"},{"key":"5461_CR40","unstructured":"TUBITAK 2019\u20132023 Strategic Plan. (2019). https:\/\/tubitak.gov.tr\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-09\/tubitak_2019-2023_stratejik_plani.pdf"},{"key":"5461_CR41","unstructured":"TUBITAK 2024\u20132028 Strategic Plan. (2024). https:\/\/tubitak.gov.tr\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-10\/tubitak_2024-2028_stratejik_plani_1.pdf"},{"key":"5461_CR42","unstructured":"TUBITAK Open Science Policy (2019). https:\/\/tubitak.gov.tr\/sites\/default\/files\/tubitak_acik_bilim_politikasi_190316.pdf"},{"key":"5461_CR43","unstructured":"TUBITAK. (2024). TUBITAK 2024 Activity Report. https:\/\/tubitak.gov.tr\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-03\/TUBITAK_2024_Yili_Faaliyet_Raporu.pdf"},{"issue":"2","key":"5461_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2014.02.001","volume":"8","author":"WH Walters","year":"2014","unstructured":"Walters, W. H. (2014). Do article influence scores overestimate the citation impact of social science journals in subfields that are related to higher-impact natural science disciplines? Journal of Informetrics, 8(2), 421\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joi.2014.02.001","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"key":"5461_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wilsdon, J., Allen, L., Belfiore, E., Campbell, P., Curry, S., Hill, S., Jones, R., Kain, R., Kerridge, S., Thelwall, M., Tinkler, J., Viney, I., Wouters, P., Hill, J., & Johnson, B. (2015). The metric tide: Report of the independent review of the role of metrics in research assessment and management. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13140\/RG.2.1.4929.1363","DOI":"10.13140\/RG.2.1.4929.1363"},{"issue":"3","key":"5461_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-015-1633-3","volume":"104","author":"X Xu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xu, X., Tan, A. M., & Zhao, S. X. (2015). Funding ratios in social science: The perspective of countries\/territories level and comparison with natural sciences. Scientometrics, 104(3), 673\u2013684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11192-015-1633-3","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"5461_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhuang, H., & Acuna, D. E. (2019). The effect of novelty on the future impact of scientific grants (arXiv:1911.02712). arXiv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.1911.02712","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1911.02712"}],"container-title":["Scientometrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11192-025-05461-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11192-025-05461-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11192-025-05461-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T04:21:02Z","timestamp":1764822062000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11192-025-05461-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["5461"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11192-025-05461-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0138-9130","1588-2861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0138-9130","type":"print"},{"value":"1588-2861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}