{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T22:07:24Z","timestamp":1767910044829,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730160000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Supercomput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-024-06496-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T12:02:36Z","timestamp":1730203356000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A clustering and vector angle-based adaptive evolutionary algorithm for multi-objective optimization with irregular Pareto fronts"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Maowei","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hanning","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhixue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xingguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yelin","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Haoyue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"6496_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3603704","volume":"56","author":"N Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li N, Ma L, Yu G, Xue B, Zhang M, Jin Y (2023) Survey on evolutionary deep learning: principles, algorithms, applications and open issues. ACM Comput Surv 56:1\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3603704","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv"},{"issue":"1","key":"6496_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1162\/EVCO_a_00009","volume":"19","author":"J Bader","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bader J, Zitzler E (2011) HypE: an algorithm for fast hypervolume-based many-objective optimization. Evol Comput 19(1):45\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/EVCO_a_00009","journal-title":"Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zitzler E, K\u00fcnzli S, (2004) Indicator-based selection in multiobjective search. In: Proceedings of PPSN VIII. Birmingham, UK, 18\u201322 September, pp.832\u2013842. Springer, Berlin","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-30217-9_84"},{"issue":"6","key":"6496_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2017.2767023","volume":"22","author":"AL Miguel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Miguel AL, Coello CCA (2018) Coevolutionary multiobjective evolutionary algorithms: survey of the state-of-the-art. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 22(6):851\u2013865. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2017.2767023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1109\/JAS.2021.1003817","volume":"8","author":"YC Hua","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hua YC, Liu QQ, Hao KG, Jin YC (2021) A survey of evolutionary algorithms for multi-objective optimization problems with irregular Pareto Fronts. IEEE\/CAA J Automatica Sinica 8:303\u2013318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JAS.2021.1003817","journal-title":"IEEE\/CAA J Automatica Sinica"},{"key":"6496_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2007.892759","volume":"11","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Li H (2007) MOEA\/D: a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 11:712\u2013731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2007.892759","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"6496_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2016.2592479","volume":"21","author":"S Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang S, Yang S (2017) A strength pareto evolutionary algorithm based on reference direction for multiobjective and many-objective optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 21(3):329\u2013346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2016.2592479","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2022.108197","volume":"240","author":"Q Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu Q, Jin Y, Heiderich M, Rodemann T (2022) Surrogate-assisted evolutionary optimization of expensive many-objective irregular problems. Knowl-Based Syst 240:108197","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"6496_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3552","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2019.2930737","volume":"51","author":"H Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen H, Cheng R, Pedrycz W, Jin Y (2021) Solving many-objective optimization problems via multistage evolutionary search. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Syst 51:3552\u20133564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSMC.2019.2930737","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"6496_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.996017","volume":"6","author":"K Deb","year":"2002","unstructured":"Deb K, Pratap A, Agarwal S, Meyarivan T (2002) A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 6(2):182\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/4235.996017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"6496_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2013.2281535","volume":"18","author":"K Deb","year":"2014","unstructured":"Deb K, Jain H (2014) An evolutionary many-objective optimization algorithm using reference-point based nondominated sorting approach, part I: Solving problems with box constraints. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 18(4):577\u2013601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2013.2281535","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3929\/ethz-a-004284029","author":"E Zitzler","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zitzler E, Laumanns M, Thiele L (2001) SPEA2: improving the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm. TIK report. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3929\/ethz-a-004284029","journal-title":"TIK report"},{"issue":"1","key":"6496_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2016.2587808","volume":"21","author":"Y Xiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xiang Y, Zhou YR, Li MQ, Chen ZF (2017) A vector angle-based evolutionary algorithm for unconstrained many-objective optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 21(1):131\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2016.2587808","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2019.2956288","author":"Y Tian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tian Y, He C, Cheng R, Zhang XY (2019) A multistage evolutionary algorithm for better diversity preservation in multiobjective optimization. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybernet Syst. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSMC.2019.2956288","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybernet Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"6496_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2023.3281666","volume":"28","author":"K Qiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qiao K et al (2024) Evolutionary constrained multiobjective optimization: scalable high-dimensional constraint benchmarks and algorithm. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 28(4):965\u2013979. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2023.3281666","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"7","key":"6496_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2758","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2834466","volume":"49","author":"YC Hua","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hua YC, Jin YC, Hao KG (2019) A clustering-based adaptive evolutionary algorithm for multiobjective optimization with irregular Pareto layers. IEEE Trans Cybernet 49(7):2758\u20132770. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2834466","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybernet"},{"issue":"3","key":"6496_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2005.845141","volume":"16","author":"R Xu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Xu R, Wunsch D (2005) Survey of clustering algorithms. IEEE Trans Neural Networks 16(3):645\u2013678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TNN.2005.845141","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Networks"},{"issue":"2","key":"6496_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sorms.2015.08.001","volume":"20","author":"S Chand","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chand S, Wagner M (2015) Evolutionary many-objective optimization: a quick-start guide. Surv in Operat Res Manag Sci 20(2):35\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sorms.2015.08.001","journal-title":"Surv in Operat Res Manag Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"6496_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1162\/EVCO_a_00109","volume":"22","author":"YT Qi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Qi YT, Ma XL, Liu F, Jiao LC, Sun JY, Wu JS (2014) MOEA\/D with adaptive weight adjustment. Evol Comput 22(2):231\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/EVCO_a_00109","journal-title":"Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3997","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-017-2609-4","volume":"22","author":"CJ Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang CJ, Tan KC, Lee LH, Gao L (2017) Adjust weight vectors in MOEA\/D for bi-objective optimization problems with discontinuous Pareto fronts. Soft Comput 22:3997\u20134012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00500-017-2609-4","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1162\/evco_a_00269","volume":"28","author":"M Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li M, Yao X (2020) What weights work for you? Adapting weights for any Pareto front shape in decomposition-based evolutionary multiobjective optimization. Evol Comput 28:227\u2013253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/evco_a_00269","journal-title":"Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2024.101504","author":"K Qiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qiao K et al (2024) Benchmark problems for large-scale constrained multi-objective optimization with baseline results. Swarm Evol Comput. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.swevo.2024.101504","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2019.2926151","volume":"24","author":"Y Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu Y, Ishibuchi H, Masuyama N, Nojima Y (2020) Adapting reference vectors and scalarizing functions by growing neural gas to handle irregular Pareto fronts. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 24:439\u2013453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2019.2926151","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2698","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2020.3020630","volume":"52","author":"Q Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu Q, Jin Y, Heiderich M, Rodemann T, Yu G (2022) An adaptive reference vector-guided evolutionary algorithm using growing neural gas for many-objective optimization of irregular problems. IEEE Trans Cybern 52:2698\u20132711. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TCYB.2020.3020630","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"issue":"4","key":"6496_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2013.2281534","volume":"18","author":"H Jain","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jain H, Deb K (2014) An evolutionary many-objective optimization algorithm using reference-point based nondominated sorting approach, Part II: handling constraints and extending to an adaptive approach. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 18(4):602\u2013622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2013.2281534","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jain, H. and Deb, K. (2013) An improved adaptive approach for elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm for many-objective optimization, In: Proc. Int. Conf. Evol. Multi-Criterion Optim. Springer, Switzerland pp. 307\u2013321","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-37140-0_25"},{"issue":"4","key":"6496_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2017.2744674","volume":"22","author":"X Cai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cai X, Mei Z, Fan Z, Zhang Q (2018) A constrained decomposition approach with grids for evolutionary multiobjective optimization. IEEE Trans Evolut Comput 22(4):564\u2013577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2017.2744674","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evolut Comput"},{"issue":"8","key":"6496_CR28","first-page":"1628","volume":"46","author":"WQ Feng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Feng WQ, Gong DW (2020) Multi-objective evolutionary optimization with objective space partition based on online perception of Pareto front. Acta Automatica Sinica 46(8):1628\u20131643","journal-title":"Acta Automatica Sinica"},{"key":"6496_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2015.06.020","volume":"35","author":"L Cai","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cai L, Qu SR, Yuan Y, Yao X (2015) A clustering-ranking method for many-objective optimization. Appl Soft Comput 35:681\u2013694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asoc.2015.06.020","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang H, Song S, Zhou A, Gao XZ (2014) A clustering-based multiobjective evolutionary algorithm. Proceedings of IEEE CEC, Beijing, China, 06\u201311 July, pp. 723\u2013730","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2014.6900519"},{"key":"6496_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.3390\/a14110338","volume":"14","author":"DTC Lai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lai DTC, Sato Y (2021) An empirical study of cluster-based MOEA\/D bare bones PSO for data clustering. Algorithms 14:338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/a14110338","journal-title":"Algorithms"},{"key":"6496_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2018.11.003","volume":"44","author":"SS Das","year":"2019","unstructured":"Das SS, Islam MM, Arafat NA (2019) Evolutionary algorithm using adaptive fuzzy dominance and reference point for many-objective optimization. Swarm Evol Comput 44:1092\u20131107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.swevo.2018.11.003","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Denysuk R, Costa L , Santo IE (2014) Clustering-based selection for evolutionary many-objective optimization. In: Proceedings of PPSN XIII, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 13\u201317 September, pp.538\u2013547. Springer, Cham","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10762-2_53"},{"key":"6496_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2018.2866927","volume":"23","author":"QZ Lin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lin QZ, Liu SB, Wong KC, Gong MG, Coello C, Carlos A, Chen JY, Zhang J (2019) A clustering-based evolutionary algorithm for many-objective optimization problems. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 23:391\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2018.2866927","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2021.08.054","volume":"578","author":"S Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu S, Zheng J, Lin Q, Tan KC (2021) Evolutionary multi and many-objective optimization via clustering for environmental selection. Inf Sci 578:930\u2013949","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"6496_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3390\/computation10030037","volume":"10","author":"LA Bejarano","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bejarano LA, Espitia HE, Montenegro CE (2022) Clustering analysis for the pareto optimal front in multi-objective optimization. Computation 10:37","journal-title":"Computation"},{"issue":"4","key":"6496_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2018.2874465","volume":"23","author":"H Ge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ge H et al (2019) A many-objective evolutionary algorithm with two interacting processes: cascade clustering and reference point incremental learning. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 23(4):572\u2013586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2018.2874465","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.124641","volume":"255","author":"X Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao X, Song S (2024) A switching competitive swarm optimizer for multi-objective optimization with irregular Pareto fronts. Expert Syst Appl 255:124641","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"6496_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2022.3187370","volume":"53","author":"Q Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Q, Jin Y, Heiderich M, Rodemann T (2023) Coordinated adaptation of reference vectors and scalarizing functions in evolutionary many-objective optimization. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems 53(2):763\u2013775. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSMC.2022.3187370","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"6496_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-022-03561-w","volume":"53","author":"Y He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He Y, Peng H, Deng C, Dong X, Wu Z, Guo Z (2023) Reference point reconstruction-based firefly algorithm for irregular multi-objective optimization. Appl Intell 53(1):962\u2013983. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10489-022-03561-w","journal-title":"Appl Intell"},{"key":"6496_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-024-01353-y","volume":"10","author":"Y Hua","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hua Y, Liu Q, Hao K (2024) Adaptive normal vector guided evolutionary multi- and many-objective optimization. Complex Intell Syst 10:370\u20133726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40747-024-01353-y","journal-title":"Complex Intell Syst"},{"key":"6496_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen H, Liu H-L, Gu F, Chen L (2021) A mutli-objective evolutionary algorithm with adaptive parallel region decomposition. In: International Conference on Advanced Computational Intelligence (ICACI), Wanzhou, China, pp. 329\u2013334","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACI52617.2021.9435909"},{"key":"6496_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.118915","volume":"213","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Qin Y, Yang D, Xu H, Zhou H (2023) An enhanced decomposition-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with a self-organizing collaborative scheme. Expert Syst Appl 213:118915","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"6496_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2024.3427864","author":"K Qiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qiao K, Yu K, Yue C, Qu B, Liu M, Liang J (2024) A cooperative multistep mutation strategy for multiobjective optimization problems with deceptive constraints. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybernet Syst. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSMC.2024.3427864","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybernet Syst"},{"issue":"8","key":"6496_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1109\/JAS.2024.124545","volume":"11","author":"K Qiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qiao K et al (2024) Constraints separation based evolutionary multitasking for constrained multi-objective optimization problems. IEEE\/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 11(8):1819\u20131835. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JAS.2024.124545","journal-title":"IEEE\/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica"},{"key":"6496_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Murtagh F, Legendre P (2011) Ward\u2019s hierarchical clustering method: Clustering criterion and agglomerative algorithm, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.1111.6285","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1111.6285"},{"issue":"4","key":"6496_CR47","first-page":"115","volume":"9","author":"K Deb","year":"1994","unstructured":"Deb K, Agrawal RB (1994) Simulated binary crossover for continuous search space. COMPLEX SYST 9(4):115\u2013148","journal-title":"COMPLEX SYST"},{"issue":"4","key":"6496_CR48","first-page":"30","volume":"26","author":"K Deb","year":"1996","unstructured":"Deb K, Goyal M (1996) A combined genetic adaptive search (GeneAS) for engineering design. Comput Sci Informat 26(4):30\u201345","journal-title":"Comput Sci Informat"},{"key":"6496_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2013.2281534","volume":"18","author":"H Jain","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jain H, Deb K (2014) An evolutionary many-objective optimization algorithm using reference-point based nondominated sorting approach, part II: handling constraints and extending to an adaptive approach. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 18:602\u2013622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2013.2281534","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huband S, Barone L, While L, Hingston P (2005) A scalable multi-objective test problem toolkit. In: Proceedings of EMO 2005. Guanajuato, Mexico, 9\u201311 March, pp. 280\u2013295, Springer-Verlag Berlin","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-31880-4_20"},{"issue":"1","key":"6496_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-017-0039-7","volume":"3","author":"R Cheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheng R, Li MQ, Tian Y, Zhang XY, Yang SX, Jin YC, Yao X (2017) A benchmark test suite for evolutionary many-objective optimization. Complex & Intelligent Systems 3(1):67\u201381","journal-title":"Complex & Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"6496_CR52","unstructured":"Zhang QF, Zhou A, Zhao SZ, Suganthan PN, Liu WD, Tiwari S (2009) Multiobjective optimization test instances for the CEC 2009 special session and competition. Proceedings of IEEE Congr Evol Comput, pp.1\u201330"},{"issue":"4","key":"6496_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2017.2742868","volume":"12","author":"Y Tian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tian Y, Cheng R, Zhang XY, Jin YC (2017) PlatEMO: a MATLAB platform for evolutionary multi-objective optimization [educational forum]. IEEE Comput Intell Mag 12(4):73\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MCI.2017.2742868","journal-title":"IEEE Comput Intell Mag"},{"issue":"6","key":"6496_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2014.2378512","volume":"19","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang XY, Tian Y, Jin YC (2015) A knee point-driven evolutionary algorithm for many-objective optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 19(6):761\u2013776. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2014.2378512","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"6496_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2005.851275","volume":"10","author":"L While","year":"2006","unstructured":"While L, Hingston P, Barone L, Huband S (2006) A faster algorithm for calculating hypervolume. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 10(1):29\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2005.851275","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"6496_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2007.894202","volume":"12","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Zhou A, Jin Y (2008) RM-MEDA: A regularity model-based multiobjective estimation of distribution algorithm. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 12(1):41\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEVC.2007.894202","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"6496_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2011.02.002","volume":"1","author":"J Derrac","year":"2011","unstructured":"Derrac J, Garc\u00eda S, Molina D, Herrera F (2011) A practical tutorial on the use of nonparametric statistical tests as a methodology for comparing evolutionary and swarm intelligence algorithms. Swarm Evol Comput 1(1):3\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.swevo.2011.02.002","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"key":"6496_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2024.3435418","author":"K Qiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qiao K, Liang J, Guo W-F, Wei Y, Yu K, Hu Z (2024) Constrained multi-objective optimization-based temporal network observability for biomarker identification of individual patients. IEEE J Biomed Health Informat. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JBHI.2024.3435418","journal-title":"IEEE J Biomed Health Informat"},{"key":"6496_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu Q, Jin Y, Heiderich M, Rodemann T (2019) Adaptation of Reference Vectors for Evolutionary any-objective Optimization of Problems with Irregular Pareto layers. IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), Wellington, New Zealand, 10\u201313 June, pp. 1726\u20131733","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2019.8790214"},{"key":"6496_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koppen M, Yoshida K (2007) Substitute distance assignments in NSGA-II for handling many-objective optimization problems, In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization, 727\u2013741. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-70928-2_55","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-70928-2_55"},{"key":"6496_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corne D, Knowles J (2007) Techniques for highly multiobjective optimization: some nondominated points are better than others, In: Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation, 773\u2013780","DOI":"10.1145\/1276958.1277115"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Supercomputing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11227-024-06496-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11227-024-06496-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11227-024-06496-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T12:13:34Z","timestamp":1730204014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11227-024-06496-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["6496"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11227-024-06496-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-8542","1573-0484"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-8542","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-0484","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 October 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 October 2024","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.\u00a0This work was supported\u00a0by the\u00a0National key Research and Development Program of China under Grants (no. 2021YFB3301703).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"98"}}