{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T03:19:11Z","timestamp":1773717551100,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Supercomput"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-025-07959-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T06:27:58Z","timestamp":1760423278000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Enhancing e-commerce logistics efficiency and sustainability via quantum computing and artificial intelligence-based quantum hybrid models"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farhan","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minhaj Ud","family":"Din","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Ali","family":"Abid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"de la Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth Caro","family":"Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene Delgado","family":"Noya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"7959_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gatta V E Marcucci and M Le Pira (2023) E-commerce and urban logistics: trends, challenges, and opportunities. Handbook on city logistics and urban freight,: p. 422\u2013443.","DOI":"10.4337\/9781800370173.00033"},{"issue":"9","key":"7959_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5329","DOI":"10.3390\/su14095329","volume":"14","author":"N Giuffrida","year":"2022","unstructured":"Giuffrida N et al (2022) Optimization and machine learning applied to last-mile logistics: a review. Sustainability 14(9):5329","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"7959_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montanaro A (2016) Quantum algorithms: an overview. npj Quantum Information. 2(1): p. 1\u20138.","DOI":"10.1038\/npjqi.2015.23"},{"key":"7959_CR4","unstructured":"Farhi E, J Goldstone, and S Gutmann A quantum approximate optimization algorithm. arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.4028, 2014."},{"key":"7959_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2018-08-06-79","volume":"2","author":"J Preskill","year":"2018","unstructured":"Preskill J (2018) Quantum computing in the NISQ era and beyond. Quantum 2:79","journal-title":"Quantum"},{"key":"7959_CR6","first-page":"63","volume":"12","author":"P Evangelista","year":"2014","unstructured":"Evangelista P (2014) Environmental sustainability practices in the transport and logistics service industry: an exploratory case study investigation. Res Transp Bus Manage 12:63\u201372","journal-title":"Res Transp Bus Manage"},{"issue":"23","key":"7959_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18077","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-023-09269-4","volume":"27","author":"K Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li K (2023) Optimizing warehouse logistics scheduling strategy using soft computing and advanced machine learning techniques. Soft Comput 27(23):18077\u201318092","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"7959_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2022.106896","volume":"147","author":"U Awan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Awan U et al (2022) Quantum computing challenges in the software industry. A fuzzy AHP-based approach. Inf Softw Technol 147:106896","journal-title":"Inf Softw Technol"},{"key":"7959_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Behura A and R Patra (2025) Challenges and future prospects of integrating quantum computing into intelligent transportation systems: exploring quantum innovations in transportation. Integration of AI, Quantum Computing, and Semiconductor Technology p. 183\u2013208.","DOI":"10.4018\/979-8-3693-7076-6.ch009"},{"issue":"6","key":"7959_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1038\/s41567-018-0124-x","volume":"14","author":"S Boixo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boixo S et al (2018) Characterizing quantum supremacy in near-term devices. Nat Phys 14(6):595\u2013600","journal-title":"Nat Phys"},{"issue":"1","key":"7959_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1140\/epjqt\/s40507-021-00114-x","volume":"8","author":"A Bayerstadler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bayerstadler A et al (2021) Industry quantum computing applications. EPJ Quantum Technol 8(1):25","journal-title":"EPJ Quantum Technol"},{"key":"7959_CR12","unstructured":"Nielsen MA and IL Chuang (2010) Quantum computation and quantum information. Cambridge university press."},{"key":"7959_CR13","unstructured":"Papadimitriou C (1994) Computational complexity addison-wesley reading. Massachusetts Google Scholar."},{"key":"7959_CR14","unstructured":"Garey Michael R and S Johnson David (1979) Computers and Intractability: A guide to the theory of NP-completeness., WH Freeman Co., San Francisco, USA."},{"key":"7959_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adediran E I Fatoki and T Ogunyinka (2024) Advancements in Quantum Algorithms for Solving Complex Optimization Problems. Available at SSRN 5015789","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.5015789"},{"key":"7959_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boyd SP and L Vandenberghe (2004) Convex optimization.: Cambridge university press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511804441"},{"key":"7959_CR17","unstructured":"Diehl M (2001) Real-time optimization for large scale nonlinear processes."},{"issue":"2","key":"7959_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/18\/2\/023023","volume":"18","author":"JR McClean","year":"2016","unstructured":"McClean JR et al (2016) The theory of variational hybrid quantum-classical algorithms. New J Phys 18(2):023023","journal-title":"New J Phys"},{"key":"7959_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silva C R Ribeiro and P Gomes (2023) Algorithmic optimization techniques for operations research problems, in proceedings of the computational methods in systems and software., Springer. p. 331\u2013339.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-54820-8_26"},{"key":"7959_CR20","unstructured":"Arjunan G Hybrid quantum-classical ai models for complex problem solving."},{"issue":"3","key":"7959_CR21","first-page":"147","volume":"2","author":"NL Rane","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rane NL et al (2024) Artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning for advanced business strategies: a review. Partners Univ Intern Innov J 2(3):147\u2013171","journal-title":"Partners Univ Intern Innov J"},{"key":"7959_CR22","unstructured":"Al-Khatib A, et al., Last-mile delivery with artificial intelligence: dynamic routing, predictive analytics, and sustainable logistics solutions in the e-commerce era."},{"issue":"12","key":"7959_CR23","first-page":"3248","volume":"5","author":"RU Attah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Attah RU et al (2024) Enhancing supply chain resilience through artificial intelligence: Analyzing problem-solving approaches in logistics management. Intern J Manage & Entrepreneurship Res 5(12):3248\u20133265","journal-title":"Intern J Manage & Entrepreneurship Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"7959_CR24","first-page":"20","volume":"1","author":"SA Fathima","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fathima SA (2025) Hybrid computational techniques for large-scale data-intensive scientific applications. Intern J Emerging Res Eng Technol 1(1):20\u201329","journal-title":"Intern J Emerging Res Eng Technol"},{"key":"7959_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sebata D (2024) Investigating How Logistics Operations Affect an Organization\u2019s Financial Performance..","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.1004304"},{"issue":"6","key":"7959_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.3390\/su10061727","volume":"10","author":"J Wehner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wehner J (2018) Energy efficiency in logistics: an interactive approach to capacity utilisation. Sustainability 10(6):1727","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"5","key":"7959_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2012.720390","volume":"51","author":"WH Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu WH, Xie D (2013) Quality decision of the logistics service supply chain with service quality guarantee. Int J Prod Res 51(5):1618\u20131634","journal-title":"Int J Prod Res"},{"key":"7959_CR28","unstructured":"Christopher M (2016) Logistics and supply chain management: logistics & supply chain management. Pearson UK."},{"issue":"7","key":"7959_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jors.2600828","volume":"48","author":"M Daskin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Daskin M (1997) Network and discrete location: models, algorithms and applications. J Oper Res Soc 48(7):763\u2013764","journal-title":"J Oper Res Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"7959_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1108\/SO-09-2015-0023","volume":"9","author":"LM J\u00f8rsfeldt","year":"2016","unstructured":"J\u00f8rsfeldt LM, Hvolby H-H, Nguyen VT (2016) Implementing environmental sustainability in logistics operations: a case study. Strateg Outsourcing Int J 9(2):98\u2013125","journal-title":"Strateg Outsourcing Int J"},{"issue":"1","key":"7959_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0386-1112(14)60179-5","volume":"31","author":"SA Shaheen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shaheen SA, Lipman TE (2007) Reducing greenhouse emissions and fuel consumption: Sustainable approaches for surface transportation. IATSS res 31(1):6\u201320","journal-title":"IATSS res"},{"key":"7959_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen J et al., (2013) Applied multiple regression\/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203774441"},{"issue":"6","key":"7959_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1177\/8756972819882132","volume":"50","author":"JF Hair Jr","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hair JF Jr, Sarstedt M (2019) Factors versus composites: Guidelines for choosing the right structural equation modeling method. Proj Manag J 50(6):619\u2013624","journal-title":"Proj Manag J"},{"issue":"2","key":"7959_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","volume":"3","author":"V Braun","year":"2006","unstructured":"Braun V, Clarke V (2006) Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol 3(2):77\u2013101","journal-title":"Qual Res Psychol"},{"key":"7959_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/EBR-11-2018-0203","author":"JF Hair","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hair JF et al (2019) When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. Eur Bus Rev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/EBR-11-2018-0203","journal-title":"Eur Bus Rev"},{"key":"7959_CR36","unstructured":"Hayes AF (2017) Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford publications."},{"issue":"1","key":"7959_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41534-016-0004-0","volume":"3","author":"JM Gambetta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gambetta JM, Chow JM, Steffen M (2017) Building logical qubits in a superconducting quantum computing system. NPJ Quantum Inf 3(1):2","journal-title":"NPJ Quantum Inf"},{"key":"7959_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25422","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3054771","volume":"9","author":"M Khan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khan M et al (2021) Integration of internet-of-things with blockchain technology to enhance humanitarian logistics performance. IEEE Access 9:25422\u201325436","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"11","key":"7959_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6917","DOI":"10.3390\/su14116917","volume":"14","author":"M Khan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khan M et al (2022) A model for understanding the mediating association of transparency between emerging technologies and humanitarian logistics sustainability. Sustainability 14(11):6917","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"24","key":"7959_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16336","DOI":"10.3390\/su142416336","volume":"14","author":"M Khan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khan M et al (2022) The impact of technologies of traceability and transparency in supply chains. Sustainability 14(24):16336","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"7959_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goyal S et al. (2024) Integrating AI-enabled post-quantum models in quantum cyber-physical systems opportunities and challenges. Applied Data Science and Smart Systems p. 491\u2013498.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003471059-63"},{"issue":"4","key":"7959_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1108\/JHLSCM-03-2020-0022","volume":"10","author":"M Khan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khan M et al (2020) Education for sustainable development in humanitarian logistics. J Humanit Logist Supply Chain Manag 10(4):573\u2013602","journal-title":"J Humanit Logist Supply Chain Manag"},{"key":"7959_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14003","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-018-2169-0","volume":"22","author":"X Yu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yu X et al (2019) Logistics automation control based on machine learning algorithm. Cluster Comput 22:14003\u201314011","journal-title":"Cluster Comput"},{"key":"7959_CR44","unstructured":"Phillipson F (2024) Quantum computing in logistics and supply chain management an overview. arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.17520."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Supercomputing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11227-025-07959-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11227-025-07959-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11227-025-07959-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T06:28:12Z","timestamp":1760423292000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11227-025-07959-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["7959"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11227-025-07959-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-0484"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-0484","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}],"article-number":"1455"}}