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However, this task remains challenging due to variations in acquisition conditions, including seasonal changes, differences in illumination, weather, and sensor characteristics. This article presents a parallel multilevel registration method that combines and improves two existing algorithms: HSI-KAZE, a feature-based approach, and HYFM, an area-based method. The three-level approach first applies an optimized HSI-KAZE (OHSI-KAZE) for coarse estimation of scale, rotation, and translation, followed by HYFM for fine correction. The multi-node multi-GPU proposed implementation, leveraging MPI, OpenMP, and CUDA, enables efficient processing on GPU-accelerated HPC clusters. Experiments on six real multispectral orthomosaic pairs from river environments, compared against state-of-the-art classical and deep learning methods, achieve high registration accuracy with RMSE values below 1.57 pixels and a 30\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$\\times $$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mo>\u00d7<\/mml:mo>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    speedup, confirming both the accuracy and scalability of the proposed method.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-026-08611-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T06:23:33Z","timestamp":1781936613000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distributed multi-GPU algorithm for accurate registration of UAV-based multispectral and multitemporal orthomosaics"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Fuentes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora","family":"B. 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