{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T13:00:46Z","timestamp":1780146046624,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Supercomput"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-026-08614-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T10:32:51Z","timestamp":1780137171000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Constrained multi-objective optimization via reverse search multitasking"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Jingzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"8614_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2021.3069814","volume":"53","author":"Z Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma Z, Wang Y (2021) Shift-based penalty for evolutionary constrained multi-objective optimization and its application. IEEE Trans Cybern 53(1):18\u201330","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"issue":"3","key":"8614_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2007.11.014","volume":"21","author":"G Nicosia","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nicosia G, Rinaudo S, Sciacca E (2008) An evolutionary algorithm-based approach to robust analog circuit design using constrained multi-objective optimization. Knowl-Based Syst 21(3):175\u2013183","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"8614_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2020.105944","volume":"198","author":"MA Akbay","year":"2020","unstructured":"Akbay MA, Kalayci CB, Polat O (2020) A parallel variable neighborhood search algorithm with quadratic programming for cardinality constrained portfolio optimization. Knowl-Based Syst 198:105944","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"8614_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84263","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3085529","volume":"9","author":"M Premkumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Premkumar M et al (2021) A new arithmetic optimization algorithm for solving real-world multiobjective CEC-2021 constrained optimization problems: Diversity analysis and validations. IEEE Access 9:84263\u201384295","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"24","key":"8614_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-017-2759-4","volume":"22","author":"A Mohammadi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mohammadi A, Mohammadi M, Zahiri SH (2018) Design of optimal CMOS ring oscillator using an intelligent optimization tool. Soft Comput 22(24):8151\u20138166","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"8614_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e33175","author":"ANS Hamadou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hamadou ANS, wa Maina C, Soidridine MM (2024) A hybrid PSO-GWO-based phase shift design for a hybrid-RIS-aided heterogeneous network system. Heliyon. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e33175","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"9","key":"8614_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2024.3423013","volume":"28","author":"ANS Hamadou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hamadou ANS, Maina CW, Soidridine MM (2024) A grey wolf optimiser (GWO)-based RIS phase shift design for a RIS-assisted multi-antenna system. IEEE Commun Lett 28(9):2171\u20132175","journal-title":"IEEE Commun Lett"},{"key":"8614_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2024.111998","author":"Y Hao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hao Y et al (2024) Constrained multi-objective optimization problems: methodologies, algorithms and applications. Knowl-Based Syst. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knosys.2024.111998","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"8614_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2020.3004012","volume":"25","author":"Y Tian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tian Y et al (2020) A coevolutionary framework for constrained multiobjective optimization problems. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 25(1):102\u2013116","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"8614_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2018.2855411","volume":"23","author":"K Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li K et al (2019) Two-archive evolutionary algorithm for constrained multiobjective optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 23(2):303\u2013315","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"8614_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2018.08.017","volume":"44","author":"Z Fan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fan Z et al (2019) Push and pull search for solving constrained multi-objective optimization problems. Swarm Evol Comput 44:665\u2013679","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"key":"8614_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2021.107263","volume":"228","author":"F Ming","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ming F et al (2021) A simple two-stage evolutionary algorithm for constrained multi-objective optimization. Knowl-Based Syst 228:107263","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"8614_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2015.2458037","volume":"20","author":"A Gupta","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gupta A, Ong Y-S, Feng L (2015) Multifactorial evolution: Toward evolutionary multitasking. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 20(3):343\u2013357","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"8614_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2019.2906927","volume":"24","author":"KK Bali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bali KK et al (2019) Multifactorial evolutionary algorithm with online transfer parameter estimation: MFEA-II. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 24(1):69\u201383","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"5","key":"8614_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3984","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2020.3014126","volume":"52","author":"J Luo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Luo J et al (2022) Novel multitask conditional neural-network surrogate models for expensive optimization. IEEE Trans Cybern 52(5):3984\u20133997","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"issue":"4","key":"8614_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2022.3166482","volume":"27","author":"S Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu S et al (2023) Evolutionary multitasking for large-scale multiobjective optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 27(4):863\u2013877","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"8614_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2023.101279","volume":"78","author":"X Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang X et al (2023) Helper objective-based multifactorial evolutionary algorithm for continuous optimization. Swarm Evol Comput 78:101279","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"issue":"9","key":"8614_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12142","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2023.3252359","volume":"35","author":"X Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun X, Yao F, Ding C (2023) Modeling high-order relationships: Brain-inspired hypergraph-induced multimodal-multitask framework for semantic com prehension. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst. 35(9):12142\u201312156","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst."},{"key":"8614_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2022.08.103","volume":"612","author":"Y Cai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cai Y et al (2022) A hybrid evolutionary multitask algorithm for the multiobjective vehicle routing problem with time windows. Inf Sci 612:168\u2013187","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"8614_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2024.101727","volume":"91","author":"S Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu S et al (2024) Coevolutionary multitasking for constrained multiobjective optimization. Swarm Evol Comput 91:101727","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"8614_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2022.3145582","volume":"26","author":"K Qiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qiao K et al (2022) An evolutionary multitasking optimization framework for constrained multiobjective optimization problems. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 26(2):263\u2013277","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"9","key":"8614_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9559","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2020.3021138","volume":"52","author":"Y Tian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tian Y et al (2021) Balancing objective optimization and constraint satisfaction in constrained evolutionary multiobjective optimization. IEEE Trans. Cybern. 52(9):9559\u20139572","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cybern."},{"key":"8614_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2021.01.029","volume":"560","author":"H Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma H et al (2021) A multi-stage evolutionary algorithm for multi-objective optimization with complex constraints. Inf Sci 560:68\u201391","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"8614_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10163","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2021.3056176","volume":"52","author":"Z-Z Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu Z-Z, Wang B-C, Tang K (2021) Handling constrained multiobjective optimization problems via bidirectional coevolution. IEEE Trans Cybern 52(10):10163\u201310176","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"issue":"6","key":"8614_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2819208","volume":"49","author":"J Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang J, Liang G, Zhang J (2018) Cooperative differential evolution framework for constrained multiobjective optimization. IEEE Trans Cybern 49(6):2060\u20132072","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"issue":"2","key":"8614_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1109\/TAI.2022.3168038","volume":"4","author":"Y Tian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tian Y et al (2022) Imperceptible and sparse adversarial attacks via a dual-population-based constrained evolutionary algorithm. IEEE Trans. Artif. Intell. 4(2):268\u2013281","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Artif. Intell."},{"issue":"3","key":"8614_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2022.3175065","volume":"27","author":"K Qiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qiao K et al (2022) Dynamic auxiliary task-based evolutionary multitasking for constrained multiobjective optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 27(3):642\u2013656","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"8614_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2022.3186667","volume":"27","author":"K Qiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qiao K et al (2022) Feature extraction for recommendation of constrained multiobjective evolutionary algorithms. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 27(4):949\u2013963","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"8614_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2022.3230822","volume":"28","author":"F Ming","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ming F et al (2022) Constrained multiobjective optimization via multitasking and knowledge transfer. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 28(1):77\u201389","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"10","key":"8614_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1109\/JAS.2023.123336","volume":"10","author":"K Qiao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qiao K et al (2023) Evolutionary multitasking with global and local auxiliary tasks for constrained multi-objective optimization. IEEE\/CAA J Autom Sin 10(10):1951\u20131964","journal-title":"IEEE\/CAA J Autom Sin"},{"key":"8614_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2024.101683","volume":"90","author":"Q Ye","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ye Q et al (2024) Dynamic-multi-task-assisted evolutionary algorithm for constrained multi-objective optimization. Swarm Evol Comput 90:101683","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"issue":"8","key":"8614_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5165","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2022.3178132","volume":"53","author":"R Jiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiao R, Xue B, Zhang M (2022) A multiform optimization framework for constrained multiobjective optimization. IEEE Trans Cybern 53(8):5165\u20135177","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"issue":"4","key":"8614_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4973","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-024-01418-y","volume":"10","author":"C Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu C, Wang Y, Xue Y (2024) A two-stage bidirectional coevolution algorithm with reverse search for constrained multiobjective optimization. Complex Intell Syst 10(4):4973\u20134988","journal-title":"Complex Intell Syst"},{"key":"8614_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2022.101055","volume":"70","author":"F Ming","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ming F et al (2022) A tri-population based co-evolutionary framework for constrained multi-objective optimization problems. Swarm Evol Comput 70:101055","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"key":"8614_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yin J, et al. (2019), Multifactorial evolutionary algorithm enhanced with cross-task search direction. 2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), Wellington, New Zealand: 2244\u20132251, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CEC.2019.8789959.","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2019.8789959"},{"issue":"4","key":"8614_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2017.2742868","volume":"12","author":"Y Tian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tian Y et al (2017) PlatEMO: A MATLAB platform for evolutionary multi-objective optimization [educational forum]. IEEE Comput Intell Mag 12(4):73\u201387","journal-title":"IEEE Comput Intell Mag"},{"issue":"6","key":"8614_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2019.2896967","volume":"23","author":"Z Ma","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ma Z, Wang Y (2019) Evolutionary constrained multiobjective optimization: test suite construction and performance comparisons. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 23(6):972\u2013986","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"8614_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12491","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-019-03794-x","volume":"23","author":"Z Fan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fan Z et al (2019) An improved epsilon constraint-handling method in MOEA\/D for CMOPs with large infeasible regions. Soft Comput 23:12491\u201312510","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"8614_CR39","unstructured":"Zhang, Qingfu, et al. (2009). Multiobjective optimization test instances for the CEC 2009 special session and competition. 1\u201330."},{"issue":"3","key":"8614_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1162\/evco_a_00259","volume":"28","author":"Z Fan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fan Z et al (2020) Difficulty adjustable and scalable constrained multiobjective test problem toolkit. Evol Comput 28(3):339\u2013378","journal-title":"Evol Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"8614_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2023.3260306","volume":"28","author":"J Zou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zou J et al (2023) A multipopulation evolutionary algorithm using new cooperative mechanism for solving multiobjective problems with multiconstraint. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 28(1):267\u2013280","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"10","key":"8614_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4834","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2020.3031642","volume":"51","author":"R Jiao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiao R et al (2020) Handling constrained many-objective optimization problems via problem transformation. IEEE Trans Cybern. 51(10):4834\u20134847","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern."},{"issue":"6","key":"8614_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3873","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2022.3163759","volume":"53","author":"J Liang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liang J et al (2023) Utilizing the relationship between unconstrained and constrained Pareto fronts for constrained multiobjective optimization. IEEE Trans Cybern 53(6):3873\u20133886","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"issue":"2","key":"8614_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.996017","volume":"6","author":"K Deb","year":"2002","unstructured":"Deb K et al (2002) A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 6(2):182\u2013197","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"8614_CR45","first-page":"115","volume":"9","author":"K Deb","year":"1995","unstructured":"Deb K, Agrawal RB (1995) Simulated binary crossover for continuous search space. Complex Syst 9(2):115\u2013148","journal-title":"Complex Syst"},{"key":"8614_CR46","first-page":"30","volume":"26","author":"K Deb","year":"1996","unstructured":"Deb K, Goyal M (1996) A combined genetic adaptive search (GeneAS) for engineering design. Comput Sci Inform 26:30\u201345","journal-title":"Comput Sci Inform"},{"issue":"2","key":"8614_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2003.810761","volume":"7","author":"PAN Bosman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bosman PAN, Thierens D (2003) The balance between proximity and diversity in multiobjective evolutionary algorithms. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 7(2):174\u2013188","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"8614_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.797969","volume":"3","author":"E Zitzler","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zitzler E, Thiele L (1999) Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms: a comparative case study and the strength Pareto approach. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 3(4):257\u2013271","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"8614_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.2991\/ijcis.10.1.82","volume":"10","author":"I Triguero","year":"2017","unstructured":"Triguero I et al (2017) KEEL 3.0: An open source software for multi-stage analysis in data mining. Int J Comput Intell Syst 10(1):1238\u20131249","journal-title":"Int J Comput Intell Syst"},{"key":"8614_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2021.100961","volume":"67","author":"A Kumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumar A et al (2021) A benchmark-suite of real-world constrained multi-objective optimization problems and some baseline results. Swarm Evol Comput 67:100961","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Supercomputing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11227-026-08614-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11227-026-08614-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11227-026-08614-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T12:02:00Z","timestamp":1780142520000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11227-026-08614-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["8614"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11227-026-08614-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-0484"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-0484","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"466"}}