{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T14:20:00Z","timestamp":1648650000336},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Telecommun Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-018-0454-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T19:36:34Z","timestamp":1524512194000},"page":"171-186","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A probabilistic model for anonymity analysis of anonymous communication networks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Jaafar","family":"Almasizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Abdollahi\u00a0Azgomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"454_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nambiar, A., & Wright, M. (2006). Salsa: A structured approach to large-scale anonymity. In Proceedings of the 13th ACM conference on computer and communications security (pp. 17\u201326).","DOI":"10.1145\/1180405.1180409"},{"key":"454_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freedman, M. J., & Morris, R. (2002). Tarzan: A peer-to-peer anonymizing network layer. In Proceedings of the ACM conference on computer and communications Security (pp. 193\u2013206). New York, NY.","DOI":"10.1145\/586110.586137"},{"key":"454_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dingledine, R., Mathewson, N., & Syverson, P. (2004). Tor: The second generation onion router. In Proceedings of the USENIX security symposium (Vol. 21, p. 21).","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA465464"},{"issue":"1","key":"454_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2133375.2133380","volume":"15","author":"P Mittal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mittal, P., & Borisov, N. (2012). Information leaks in structured peer-to-peer anonymous communication systems. ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC), Special Issue on Computer and Communications Security, 15(1), 1\u201312.","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC), Special Issue on Computer and Communications Security"},{"issue":"2","key":"454_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1698750.1698753","volume":"13","author":"N Hopper","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hopper, N., Vasserman, E. Y., & Chan-Tin, E. (2010). How much anonymity does network latency leak? ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC), 13(2), 1\u201328.","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)"},{"issue":"1","key":"454_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1145\/290163.290168","volume":"1","author":"M Reiter","year":"1998","unstructured":"Reiter, M., & Rubin, A. (1998). Crowds: Anonymity for Web transactions. ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC), 1(1), 66\u201392.","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)"},{"key":"454_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akhoondi, M., Yu, C., & Madhyastha, H. V. (2012). LASTor: A low-latency AS-aware Tor client. In Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE symposium on security and privacy (pp. 476\u2013490).","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2012.35"},{"key":"454_CR8","unstructured":"Al Sabah, M., Bauer, K., & Goldberg, I. (2012). Enhancing Tor\u2019s performance using real-time traffic classification. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM conference on computer and communications security (CCS\u201912) (pp. 73\u201384)."},{"key":"454_CR9","unstructured":"Diaz, C., Seys, S., Claessens, J., & Preneel, B. (2002). Towards measuring anonymity. In Designing privacy enhancing technologies (PET\u201902), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 2482, pp. 54\u201368)."},{"key":"454_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gierlichs, B., Troncoso, C., Diaz, C., Preneel, B., & Verbauwhede, I. (2008). Revisiting a combinatorial approach toward measuring anonymity. In Proceedings of the workshop on privacy in the electronic society (WPES\u201908) (pp. 111\u2013116).","DOI":"10.1145\/1456403.1456422"},{"key":"454_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Edman, M., Sivrikaya, F., & Yener, B. (2007). A combinatorial approach to measuring anonymity. In Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE intelligence and security informatics (pp. 356\u2013363).","DOI":"10.1109\/ISI.2007.379497"},{"key":"454_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, H., & Malacaria, P. (2009). Quantifying maximal loss of anonymity in protocols. In Proceedings of the 2009 ACM symposium on information, computer and communications security (ASIACCS\u201909) (pp. 10\u201312).","DOI":"10.1145\/1533057.1533087"},{"key":"454_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ic.2007.07.003","volume":"206","author":"K Chatzikokolakis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chatzikokolakis, K., Palamidessi, C., & Panangaden, P. (2008). Anonymity protocols as noisy channels. Information and Computation, 206, 378\u2013401.","journal-title":"Information and Computation"},{"key":"454_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, Y., Pang, J., & Wu, P. (2007). Measuring anonymity with relative entropy. In Proceedings of the 4th workshop on formal aspects in security and trust (FAST\u201906), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 4691, pp. 65\u201379).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-75227-1_5"},{"key":"454_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, D. (2009). On an information theoretic approach to model anonymous MANET communications. In Proceedings of the IEEE international symposium on information theory (ISIT\u201909) (pp. 1629\u20131633).","DOI":"10.1109\/ISIT.2009.5205797"},{"issue":"4","key":"454_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2008.100","volume":"20","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhu, Y., & Bettati, R. (2009). Information leakage as a model for quality of anonymity networks. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 20(4), 540\u2013552.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"454_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2011.2176511","volume":"20","author":"P Venkitasubramaniam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Venkitasubramaniam, P., & Tong, L. (2012). A game theoretic approach to anonymous networking. ACM\/IEEE Transaction on Networking, 20(3), 892\u2013905.","journal-title":"ACM\/IEEE Transaction on Networking"},{"issue":"1","key":"454_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1109\/TR.2004.824826","volume":"53","author":"Y Guan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Guan, Y., Fu, X., Bettati, R., & Zhao, W. (2004). A quantitative analysis of anonymous communications. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 53(1), 103\u2013116.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability"},{"key":"454_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Troncoso, C., & Danezis, G. (2009). The Bayesian traffic analysis of mix networks. In Proceedings of the 2009 ACM conference on computer and communications security (CCS\u201909) (pp. 369\u2013379). Chicago, IL.","DOI":"10.1145\/1653662.1653707"},{"key":"454_CR20","first-page":"007","volume":"2013","author":"O Vukovi\u0107","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vukovi\u0107, O., D\u00e1n, G., & Karlsson, G. (2013). Traffic analysis attacks in anonymity networks: Relationship anonymity\u2014overhead trade-off. Technical Report, KTH, TRITA-EE, 2013, 007.","journal-title":"Technical Report, KTH, TRITA-EE"},{"issue":"3","key":"454_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14:1","DOI":"10.1145\/2382448.2382452","volume":"15","author":"J Feigenbaum","year":"2012","unstructured":"Feigenbaum, J., Johnson, A., & Syverson, P. (2012). A probabilistic analysis of onion routing in a black-box model. ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC), 15(3), 14:1\u201314:28.","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)"},{"key":"454_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loesing, K., Murdoch, S., & Dingledine, R. (2010). A case study on measuring statistical data in the Tor anonymity network. In Proceedings of the 14th international conference on financial cryptography and data security\u00a0(FC\u201910) (pp. 203-215).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-14992-4_19"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"454_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3233\/JCS-2004-123-403","volume":"12","author":"V Shmatikov","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shmatikov, V. (2004). Probabilistic analysis of an anonymity system. Journal of Computer Security, 12(3\u20134), 355\u2013377.","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Security"},{"key":"454_CR24","volume-title":"Probability and statistics with reliability, queuing, and computer science applications","author":"KS Trivedi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Trivedi, K. S. (2001). Probability and statistics with reliability, queuing, and computer science applications (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.","edition":"2"},{"key":"454_CR25","volume-title":"Elements of information theory","author":"TM Cover","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cover, T. M., & Thomas, J. A. (2006). Elements of information theory (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.","edition":"2"},{"key":"454_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Danezis, G., Diaz, C., K\u00e4sper, E., & Troncoso, C. (2009). The wisdom of crowds: Attacks and optimal constructions. In Proceedings of the 14th European symposium on research in computer security (ESORICS\u201909), Saint Malo, France, September 21\u201325, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 5789, pp. 406\u2013423). Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04444-1_25"},{"key":"454_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diaz, C., Murdoch, S. J., & Troncoso, C. (2010). Impact of network topology on anonymity and overhead in low-latency anonymity networks. In Proceedings of the 10th privacy enhancing technologies symposium (PETS\u201910), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 6205, pp. 184\u2013201).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-14527-8_11"},{"key":"454_CR28","unstructured":"Bauer, K., Juen, J., Borisov, N., Grunwald, D., Sicker, D., & McCoy, D. (2010). On the optimal path length for Tor. In Proceedings of the 3rd hot topics in privacy enhancing technologies (HotPETS\u201910)."},{"key":"454_CR29","unstructured":"Levitin, A. V. (2012). Introduction to the design and analysis of algorithms (3rd ed.). Pearson."},{"issue":"5","key":"454_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2012.02.011","volume":"35","author":"AR Mart\u00ednez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez, A. R. (2012). A survey on solutions and main free tools for privacy enhancing Web communications. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 35(5), 1473\u20131492.","journal-title":"Journal of Network and Computer Applications"},{"key":"454_CR31","unstructured":"Shirazi, F., Diaz, C., Mullan, C., Wright, J., & Buchmann, J. (2013). Towards measuring resilience in anonymous communication networks. In Proceedings of the 6th hot topics in privacy enhancing technologies (HotPETs\u201913), Bloomington."},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"454_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcm.2008.05.040","volume":"48","author":"B Hosp","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hosp, B., & Vora, P. L. (2008). An information-theoretic model of voting systems. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 48(9\u201310), 1628\u20131645.","journal-title":"Mathematical and Computer Modelling"},{"key":"454_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shokri, R., Theodorakopoulos, G., Boudec, J., & Hubaux, J. (2011). Quantifying location privacy. In Proceedings of the IEEE symposium on security and privacy (S&P\u201911) (pp. 247\u2013262). Washington, DC.","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2011.18"},{"issue":"10","key":"454_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2013.03.011","volume":"57","author":"J Almasizadeh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Almasizadeh, J., & Abdollahi Azgomi, M. (2013). A stochastic model of attack process for the evaluation of security metrics. Computer Networks, 57(10), 2158\u20132179.","journal-title":"Computer Networks"}],"container-title":["Telecommunication Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11235-018-0454-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11235-018-0454-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11235-018-0454-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T23:45:09Z","timestamp":1555976709000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11235-018-0454-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]}},"alternative-id":["454"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11235-018-0454-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-4864","1572-9451"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-4864","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-9451","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 April 2018","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}