{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T20:48:44Z","timestamp":1771102124744,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Telecommun Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-022-00986-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T21:03:26Z","timestamp":1672952606000},"page":"291-299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Improvement of source localization via cellular network using machine learning approach"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6311-4230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narathep","family":"Phruksahiran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"986_CR1","volume-title":"Handbook of position location: Theory, practice, and advances","author":"SA Zekavat","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zekavat, S. A., & Buehrer, R. M. (2012). Handbook of position location: Theory, practice, and advances. John Wiley & Sons Inc."},{"issue":"2","key":"986_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2018.2879622","volume":"67","author":"Y Sun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sun, Y., Ho, K. C., & Wan, Q. (2019). Solution and analysis of TDOA localization of a near or distant source in closed form. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 67(2), 320\u2013335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSP.2018.2879622.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing"},{"key":"986_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-020-00709-2","volume":"76","author":"X Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, X., & Wang, Y. (2021). Research on a factor graph-based robust UWB positioning algorithm in NLOS environments. Telecommunication Systems, 76, 207\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11235-020-00709-2","journal-title":"Telecommunication Systems"},{"key":"986_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-018-0468-7","volume":"70","author":"N Ben Halima","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ben Halima, N., & Boujem\u00e2a, H. (2019). 3D WLS hybrid and non hybrid localization using TOA, TDOA, azimuth and elevation. Telecommunication Systems, 70, 97\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11235-018-0468-7","journal-title":"Telecommunication Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"986_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1976.1162830","volume":"24","author":"C Knapp","year":"1976","unstructured":"Knapp, C., & Carter, G. (1976). The generalized correlation method for estimation of time delay. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 24(4), 320\u2013327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TASSP.1976.1162830","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing"},{"issue":"2","key":"986_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1109\/78.193195","volume":"41","author":"G Jacovitti","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jacovitti, G., & Scarano, G. (1993). Discrete time techniques for time delay estimation. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 41(2), 525\u2013533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/78.193195","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing"},{"issue":"2","key":"986_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.1984.310439","volume":"20","author":"D.J Torrieri","year":"1984","unstructured":"Torrieri, D. .J. (1984). Statistical theory of passive location systems. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 20(2), 183\u2013198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TAES.1984.310439","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems"},{"issue":"8","key":"986_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1109\/78.301830","volume":"42","author":"YT Chan","year":"1994","unstructured":"Chan, Y. T., & Ho, K. C. (1994). A simple and efficient estimator for hyperbolic location. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 42(8), 1905\u20131915. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/78.301830","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing"},{"issue":"2","key":"986_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.1976.308294","volume":"12","author":"W.H Foy","year":"1976","unstructured":"Foy, W. .H. (1976). Position-location solutions by Taylor-series estimation. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 12(2), 187\u2013194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TAES.1976.308294","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems"},{"issue":"12","key":"986_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5758","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2008.929870","volume":"56","author":"KC Ho","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ho, K. C., & Yang, L. (2008). On the use of a calibration emitter for source localization in the presence of sensor position uncertainty. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 56(12), 5758\u20135772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSP.2008.929870","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing"},{"issue":"1","key":"986_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2028947","volume":"58","author":"L Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang, L., & Ho, K. C. (2010). Alleviating sensor position error in source localization using calibration emitters at inaccurate locations. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 58(1), 67\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSP.2009.2028947","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing"},{"key":"986_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23111","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2752206","volume":"5","author":"Y Zou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zou, Y., Liu, H., Xie, W., & Wan, Q. (2017). Semidefinite programming methods for alleviating sensor position error in TDOA localization. IEEE Access, 5, 23111\u201323120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2752206","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"986_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2020.2965822","volume":"27","author":"Y Zou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zou, Y., & Liu, H. (2020). Semidefinite programming methods for alleviating clock synchronization bias and sensor position errors in TDOA localization. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 27, 241\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/LSP.2020.2965822","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters"},{"issue":"10","key":"986_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5440","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2014.2341609","volume":"13","author":"Z Ma","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ma, Z., & Ho, K. C. (2014). A study on the effects of sensor position error and the placement of calibration emitter for source localization. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 13(10), 5440\u20135452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TWC.2014.2341609","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications"},{"issue":"18","key":"986_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4532","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2013.2271750","volume":"61","author":"Y Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang, Y., & Ho, K. C. (2013). TDOA source localization in the presence of synchronization clock bias and sensor position errors. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 61(18), 4532\u20134544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSP.2013.2271750","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing"},{"key":"986_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xiao, X., Zhao, S., Zhong, X., Jones, D. L., Cheng, E. S., & Li, H. (2015). A learning-based approach to direction of arrival estimation in noisy and reverberant environments. In The international conference on acoustics, speech, & signal processing (pp 2814\u20132818). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICASSP.2015.7178484.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2015.7178484"},{"key":"986_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bibb, D. A., Yun, Z., & Iskander, M. F. (2016). Machine learning for source localization in urban environments. In IEEE military communications conference (pp. 401\u2013405). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MILCOM.2016.7795360.","DOI":"10.1109\/MILCOM.2016.7795360"},{"key":"986_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, J., Lu, I. T., Lu, J.S. & Zhang, L. (2017). Robust kernel-based machine learning localization using NLOS TOAs or TDOAs. In IEEE Long Island systems, applications and technology conference (pp. 1\u20136). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/LISAT.2017.8001981","DOI":"10.1109\/LISAT.2017.8001981"},{"key":"986_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu, C., Hou, H., Wang, W., Huang, Q., & Gao, X. (2018). TDOA based indoor positioning with NLOS identification by machine learning. In International conference on wireless communications and signal processing (pp. 1\u20136). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/WCSP.2018.8555654","DOI":"10.1109\/WCSP.2018.8555654"},{"key":"986_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zandian, R., & Witkowski, U. (2018). Differential NLOS error detection in UWB-based localization systems using logistic regression. In Workshop positioning, navigation communication (pp. 1\u20136). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/WPNC.2018.8555750.","DOI":"10.1109\/WPNC.2018.8555750"},{"issue":"11","key":"986_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1109\/LAWP.2019.2934466","volume":"18","author":"MN de Sousa","year":"2019","unstructured":"de Sousa, M. N., & Thoma, R. S. (2019). Applying random forest and multipath fingerprints to enhance TDOA localization systems. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 18(11), 2316\u20132320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/LAWP.2019.2934466","journal-title":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters"},{"key":"986_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"de Sousa, M. N. & Thoma, R. S. (2019). Enhanced localization systems with multipath fingerprints and machine learning. In IEEE international symposium on personal, indoor and mobile radio communications (pp. 1\u20136). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/PIMRC.2019.8904120.","DOI":"10.1109\/PIMRC.2019.8904120"},{"key":"986_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cho, J., Hwang, D. & Kim, K. (2019). Improving TDoA based positioning accuracy using machine learning in a LoRaWan environment. In International conference on information networking (pp. 469\u2013472).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOIN.2019.8718160"},{"key":"986_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-020-01747-8","volume":"15","author":"N Phruksahiran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Phruksahiran, N., & Michanan, J. (2021). Iteration improvement of Taylor-series estimation using hyperbolic systems for FM-radio source localization in Bangkok. Signal, Image and Video Processing, 15, 247\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11760-020-01747-8","journal-title":"Signal, Image and Video Processing"},{"key":"986_CR25","first-page":"2825","volume":"12","author":"F Pedregosa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pedregosa, F., et al. (2011). Scikit-learn: Machine learning in Python. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 12, 2825\u20132830.","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"986_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ludloff, A. (2002). Praxixwissen radar und radarsignalverarbeitung (3rd ed.). Vieweg.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-322-99555-1"},{"key":"986_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papula, L. (1998). Mathematik fur ingenieure und naturwissenschaftler Band 1 (8th ed.). Viewegs.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-322-91906-9_1"},{"key":"986_CR28","unstructured":"Zeidler, E. (1996). Teubner-Tashenbuch der mathematik (8th ed.). Teubner."}],"container-title":["Telecommunication Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11235-022-00986-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11235-022-00986-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11235-022-00986-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T18:22:23Z","timestamp":1675707743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11235-022-00986-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["986"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11235-022-00986-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-4864","1572-9451"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-4864","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-9451","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 December 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}