{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T09:14:12Z","timestamp":1777713252693,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":149,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]],"date-time":"2018-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516752000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003406","name":"Tekes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["40111\/14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["40111\/14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003406","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003406","name":"Tekes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["40107\/14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["40107\/14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003406","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003406","name":"Tekes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["40009\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["40009\/16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003406","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008579","name":"Liikesivistysrahasto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10-5562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10-5562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008579","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008579","name":"Liikesivistysrahasto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12-6385"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12-6385"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008579","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["User Model User-Adap Inter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-018-9200-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]],"date-time":"2018-01-24T12:22:45Z","timestamp":1516796565000},"page":"35-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Gamification, quantified-self or social networking? Matching users\u2019 goals with motivational technology"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6573-588X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juho","family":"Hamari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lobna","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.2307\/3250951","volume":"24","author":"R Agarwal","year":"2000","unstructured":"Agarwal, R., Karahanna, E.: Time, flies when you\u2019re having fun: cognitive absorption and beliefs about information technology usage. Manag. Inf. Syst. MIS Q. 24(4), 665\u2013694 (2000)","journal-title":"Manag. Inf. Syst. MIS Q."},{"key":"9200_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.12.018","volume":"58","author":"I Alcivar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alcivar, I., Abad, A.G.: Design and evaluation of a gamified system for ERP training. Comput. Hum. Behav. 58, 109\u2013118 (2016)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02294170","volume":"49","author":"JC Anderson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Anderson, J.C., Gerbing, D.W.: The effect of sampling error on convergence, improper solutions, and goodness-of-fit indices for maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis. Psychometrika 49(2), 155\u2013173 (1984)","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.103.3.411","volume":"103","author":"JC Anderson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Anderson, J.C., Gerbing, D.W.: Structural equation modeling in practice: a review and recommended two-step approach. Psychol. Bull. 103(3), 411\u2013423 (1988)","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"10","key":"9200_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02690.x","volume":"34","author":"PP Baard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Baard, P.P., Deci, E.L., Ryan, R.M.: Intrinsic need satisfaction: a motivational basis of performance and weil-being in two work settings1. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 34(10), 2045\u20132068 (2004)","journal-title":"J. Appl. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"9200_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119154082","volume-title":"Research Methods in Clinical Psychology: An Introduction for Students and Practitioners","author":"C Barker","year":"2015","unstructured":"Barker, C., Pistrang, N.: Research Methods in Clinical Psychology: An Introduction for Students and Practitioners. Wiley, New York (2015)"},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1089\/big.2013.0027","volume":"1","author":"MA Barrett","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barrett, M.A., Humblet, O., Hiatt, R.A., Adler, N.E.: Big data and disease prevention: from quantified self to quantified communities. Big Data 1(3), 168\u2013175 (2013)","journal-title":"Big Data"},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124187016001004","volume":"16","author":"PM Bentler","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bentler, P.M., Chou, C.P.: Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociol. Methods Res. 16(1), 78\u2013117 (1987)","journal-title":"Sociol. Methods Res."},{"issue":"02","key":"9200_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441002","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218843014410020","volume":"23","author":"SK Bista","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bista, S.K., Nepal, S., Paris, C., Colineau, N.: Gamification for online communities: a case study for delivering government services. Int. J. Coop. Inf. Syst. 23(02), 1441002 (2014)","journal-title":"Int. J. Coop. Inf. Syst."},{"issue":"5","key":"9200_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1108\/JCM-04-2014-0945","volume":"31","author":"JV Bittner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bittner, J.V., Schipper, J.: Motivational effects and age differences of gamification in product advertising. J. Consum. Market. 31(5), 391\u2013400 (2014)","journal-title":"J. Consum. Market."},{"key":"9200_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bogost, I.: Why Gamification is Bullshit 2, p. 65. In: Approaches, Issues, Applications, The Gameful World. Cambridge: MIT Press (2015)","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9788.003.0005"},{"issue":"5","key":"9200_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-014-9150-2","volume":"24","author":"P Bouvier","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bouvier, P., Sehaba, K., Lavou\u00e9, \u00c9.: A trace-based approach to identifying users\u2019 engagement and qualifying their engaged-behaviours in interactive systems: application to a social game. User Model. User-Adap. Inter. 24(5), 413\u2013451 (2014)","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adap. Inter."},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x","volume":"13","author":"D Boyd","year":"2007","unstructured":"Boyd, D., Ellison, N.B.: Social network sites: definition, history, and scholarship. J. Comput. Mediat. Commun. 13(1), 210\u2013230 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Comput. Mediat. Commun."},{"key":"9200_CR14","volume-title":"Gamify: How Gamification Motivates People to Do Extraordinary Things","author":"B Burke","year":"2014","unstructured":"Burke, B.: Gamify: How Gamification Motivates People to Do Extraordinary Things. Bibliomotion Inc, Brookline (2014)"},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029531","volume":"139","author":"JL Burnette","year":"2013","unstructured":"Burnette, J.L., O\u2019Boyle, E.H., VanEpps, E.M., Pollack, J.M., Finkel, E.J.: Mind-sets matter: a meta-analytic review of implicit theories and self-regulation. Psychol. Bull. 139(3), 655 (2013)","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.12.4.346.9703","volume":"12","author":"BS Butler","year":"2001","unstructured":"Butler, B.S.: Membership size, communication activity, and sustainability: a resource-based model of online social structures. Inf. Syst. Res. 12(4), 346\u2013362 (2001)","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Res."},{"issue":"3\u2013part\u20132","key":"9200_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1110.0378","volume":"23","author":"BS Butler","year":"2012","unstructured":"Butler, B.S., Wang, X.: The cross-purposes of cross-posting: boundary reshaping behavior in online discussion communities. Inf. Syst. Res. 23(3\u2013part\u20132), 993\u20131010 (2012)","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2007.35.2.213","volume":"35","author":"K Chan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chan, K., Prendergast, G.: Materialism and social comparison among adolescents. Soc. Behav. Personal. Int. J. 35(2), 213\u2013228 (2007)","journal-title":"Soc. Behav. Personal. Int. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2014.995557","volume":"31","author":"A Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen, A., Lu, Y., Chau, P.Y., Gupta, S.: Classifying, measuring, and predicting users\u2019 overall active behavior on social networking sites. J. Manag. Inf. Syst. 31(3), 213\u2013253 (2014)","journal-title":"J. Manag. Inf. Syst."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR20","first-page":"295","volume":"295","author":"WW Chin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chin, W.W.: The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Mod. Methods Bus. Res. 295(2), 295\u2013336 (1998)","journal-title":"Mod. Methods Bus. Res."},{"key":"9200_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2014.05.005","volume":"78","author":"KR Christy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Christy, K.R., Fox, J.: Leaderboards in a virtual classroom: a test of stereotype threat and social comparison explanations for women\u2019s math performance. Comput. Educ. 78, 66\u201377 (2014)","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"9200_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choe, E.K., Lee, N.B., Lee, B., Pratt, W., Kientz, J.A.: Understanding quantified-selfers\u2019 practices in collecting and exploring personal data. In: Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1143\u20131152. ACM (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557372"},{"key":"9200_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.55.090902.142015","volume":"55","author":"RB Cialdini","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cialdini, R.B., Goldstein, N.J.: Social influence: compliance and conformity. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 55, 591\u2013621 (2004)","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Psychol."},{"key":"9200_CR24","unstructured":"Cialdini, R.B., Trost, M.R.: Social influence: social norms, conformity, and compliance. In: Gilbert, D.T., Fiske, S.T., Lindzey, G. (eds.) The Handbook of Social Psychology, vol. 2, 4th edn., pp. 151\u2013192. McGraw-Hill, Boston (1998)"},{"key":"9200_CR25","first-page":"1","volume":"71","author":"C Cruz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cruz, C., Hanus, M.D., Fox, J.: The need to achieve: players\u2019 perceptions and uses of extrinsic meta-game reward systems for video game consoles. Comput. Hum. Behav. 71, 1\u20139 (2015)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"issue":"5","key":"9200_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2008.00675.x","volume":"45","author":"RL Capa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Capa, R.L., Audiffren, M., Ragot, S.: The effects of achievement motivation, task difficulty, and goal difficulty on physiological, behavioral, and subjective effort. Psychophysiology 45(5), 859\u2013868 (2008)","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"9200_CR27","first-page":"295","volume-title":"Modern Methods for Business Research","author":"WW Chin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chin, W.W.: The partial least squares approach for structural equation modelling. In: Marcoulides, G.A. (ed.) Modern Methods for Business Research, pp. 295\u2013336. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, London (1998)"},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.14.2.189.16018","volume":"14","author":"WW Chin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chin, W.W., Marcolin, B.L., Newsted, P.R.: A partial least squares latent variable modeling approach for measuring interaction effects: Results from a Monte Carlo simulation study and an electronic-mail emotion\/adoption study. Inf. Syst. Res. 14(2), 189\u2013217 (2003)","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cedpsych.2009.01.001","volume":"34","author":"JH Corpus","year":"2009","unstructured":"Corpus, J.H., McClintic-Gilbert, M.S., Hayenga, A.O.: Within-year changes in children\u2019s intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations: contextual predictors and academic outcomes. Contemp. Educ. Psychol. 34(2), 154\u2013166 (2009)","journal-title":"Contemp. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"9200_CR30","volume-title":"Beyond Boredom and Anxiety: Experiencing Flow in Work and Play","author":"M Cs\u00edkszentmih\u00e1lyi","year":"1975","unstructured":"Cs\u00edkszentmih\u00e1lyi, M.: Beyond Boredom and Anxiety: Experiencing Flow in Work and Play. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco (1975)"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"9200_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-016-9170-1","volume":"26","author":"B Cowley","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cowley, B., Charles, D.: Behavlets: a method for practical player modeling using psychology-based player traits and domain specific features. User Model. User-Adap. Inter. 26(2\u20133), 257\u2013306 (2016)","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adap. Inter."},{"key":"9200_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.2307\/249008","volume":"13","author":"FD Davis","year":"1989","unstructured":"Davis, F.D.: Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Q. 13, 319\u2013340 (1989)","journal-title":"MIS Q."},{"issue":"14","key":"9200_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00945.x","volume":"22","author":"FD Davis","year":"1992","unstructured":"Davis, F.D., Bagozzi, R.P., Warshaw, P.R.: Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to use computers in the workplace. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 22(14), 1111\u20131132 (1992)","journal-title":"J. Appl. Soc. Psychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"9200_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.125.6.627","volume":"125","author":"EL Deci","year":"1999","unstructured":"Deci, E.L., Koestner, R., Ryan, R.M.: A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychol. Bull. 125(6), 627 (1999)","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327965PLI1104_01","volume":"11","author":"EL Deci","year":"2000","unstructured":"Deci, E.L., Ryan, R.M.: The \u201cwhat\u201d and \u201cwhy\u201d of goal pursuits: human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychol. Inq. 11(4), 227\u2013268 (2000)","journal-title":"Psychol. Inq."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"9200_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1080\/07370024.2014.993471","volume":"30","author":"S Deterding","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deterding, S.: The lens of intrinsic skill atoms: a method for gameful design. Hum. Comput. Interact. 30(3\u20134), 294\u2013335 (2015)","journal-title":"Hum. Comput. Interact."},{"key":"9200_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deterding, S., Dixon, D., Khaled, R., Nacke, L.: From game design elements to gamefulness: Defining gamification. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Academic MindTrek Conference: Envisioning Future Media Environments, pp. 9\u201315. ACM (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/2181037.2181040"},{"issue":"5","key":"9200_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-014-9147-x","volume":"24","author":"A Dijkstra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dijkstra, A.: The persuasive effects of personalization through: name mentioning in a smoking cessation message. User Model. User-Adap. Inter. 24(5), 393\u2013411 (2014)","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adap. Inter."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-5978(02)00004-3","volume":"88","author":"A Drach-Zahavy","year":"2002","unstructured":"Drach-Zahavy, A., Erez, M.: Challenge versus threat effects on the goal-performance relationship. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 88(2), 667\u2013682 (2002)","journal-title":"Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process."},{"issue":"5","key":"9200_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.66.5.968","volume":"66","author":"AJ Elliot","year":"1994","unstructured":"Elliot, A.J., Harackiewicz, J.M.: Goal setting, achievement orientation, and intrinsic motivation: a mediational analysis. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 66(5), 968 (1994)","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.80.3.501","volume":"80","author":"AJ Elliot","year":"2001","unstructured":"Elliot, A.J., McGregor, H.A.: A 2 $$\\times $$ \u00d7 2 achievement goal framework. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 80(3), 501 (2001)","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"9200_CR42","unstructured":"ESA: Essential facts about the computer and video game industry: 2014 sales, demographic, and usage data (2014). http:\/\/www.theesa.com\/facts\/pdfs\/ESA_EF_2014.pdf"},{"key":"9200_CR43","unstructured":"Farzan, R., DiMicco, J.M., Millen, D.R., Brownholtz, B., Geyer, W., Dugan, C.: When the experiment is over: deploying an incentive system to all the users. In: Symposium on Persuasive Technology (2008a)"},{"key":"9200_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farzan, R., DiMicco, J.M., Millen, D.R., Dugan, C., Geyer, W., Brownholtz, E. A.: Results from deploying a participation incentive mechanism within the enterprise. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 563\u2013572. ACM (2008b)","DOI":"10.1145\/1357054.1357145"},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.2307\/3150980","volume":"18","author":"C Fornell","year":"1981","unstructured":"Fornell, C., Larcker, D.F.: Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: algebra and statistics. J. Market. Res. 18(3), 382\u2013388 (1981)","journal-title":"J. Market. Res."},{"key":"9200_CR46","volume-title":"Personality: Theory, Measurement and Research","year":"1981","unstructured":"Fransella, F. (ed.): Personality: Theory, Measurement and Research, vol. 719. Routledge Kegan & Paul, London (1981)"},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1080\/17405620801969585","volume":"7","author":"AM Freund","year":"2010","unstructured":"Freund, A.M., Hennecke, M., Riediger, M.: Age-related differences in outcome and process goal focus. Eur. J. Dev. Psychol. 7(2), 198\u2013222 (2010)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"9200_CR48","unstructured":"Gartner: Gartner says by 2014, 80 percent of current gamified applications will fail to meet business objectives primarily due to poor design (2012). http:\/\/www.gartner.com\/newsroom\/id\/2251015"},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000033","volume":"8","author":"C Gurrin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gurrin, C., Smeaton, A.F., Doherty, A.R.: Lifelogging: personal big data. Found. Trends Inf. Retr. 8(1), 1\u2013125 (2014)","journal-title":"Found. Trends Inf. Retr."},{"key":"9200_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cedpsych.2016.04.005","volume":"46","author":"TS Hackel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hackel, T.S., Jones, M.H., Carbonneau, K.J., Mueller, C.E.: Re-examining achievement goal instrumentation: convergent validity of AGQ and PALS. Contemp. Educ. Psychol. 46, 73\u201380 (2016)","journal-title":"Contemp. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"9200_CR51","volume-title":"Multivariate Data Analysis","author":"JFJ Hair","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hair, J.F.J., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., Anderson, R.E.: Multivariate Data Analysis, 7th edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (2010)","edition":"7"},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.2753\/MTP1069-6679190202","volume":"19","author":"JF Hair","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hair, J.F., Ringle, C.M., Sarstedt, M.: PLS-SEM: indeed a silver bullet. J. Market. Theory Pract. 19(2), 139\u2013152 (2011)","journal-title":"J. Market. Theory Pract."},{"key":"9200_CR53","volume-title":"A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM)","author":"JF Hair","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hair, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C., Sarstedt, M.: A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications, London (2016)"},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elerap.2013.01.004","volume":"12","author":"J Hamari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hamari, J.: Transforming homo economicus into homo ludens: a field experiment on gamification in a utilitarian peer-to-peer trading service. Electron. Commer. Res. Appl. 12(4), 236\u2013245 (2013)","journal-title":"Electron. Commer. Res. Appl."},{"key":"9200_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.03.036","volume":"71","author":"J Hamari","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamari, J.: Do badges increase user activity? A field experiment on effects of gamification. Comput. Hum. Behav. 71, 469\u2013478 (2017)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"9200_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamari, J., Eranti, V.: Framework for designing and evaluating game achievements. In: Proceedings of Digra 2011 Conference: Think Design Play, Hilversum, Netherlands, September 14\u201317 (2011)","DOI":"10.26503\/dl.v2011i1.545"},{"key":"9200_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.07.048","volume":"40","author":"J Hamari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hamari, J., Koivisto, J.: Measuring flow in gamification: dispositional flow scale-2. Comput. Hum. Behav. 40, 133\u2013143 (2014)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"9200_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.04.018","volume":"50","author":"J Hamari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hamari, J., Koivisto, J.: \u201cWorking out for likes\u201d: an empirical study on social influence in exercise gamification. Comput. Hum. Behav. 50, 333\u2013347 (2015a)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2015.04.006","volume":"35","author":"J Hamari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hamari, J., Koivisto, J.: Why do people use gamification services? Int. J. Inf. Manag. 35(4), 419\u2013431 (2015b)","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2017.01.006","volume":"37","author":"J Hamari","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamari, J., Keronen, L.: Why do people play games? A meta-analysis. Int. J. Inf. Manag. 37(3), 125\u2013141 (2017)","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR61","first-page":"29","volume":"1","author":"J Hamari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hamari, J., Tuunanen, J.: Player types: a meta-synthesis. Trans. Digit. Games Res. Assoc. 1(2), 29\u201353 (2014)","journal-title":"Trans. Digit. Games Res. Assoc."},{"key":"9200_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamari, J., Koivisto, J., Pakkanen, T.: Do persuasive technologies persuade?\u2014A review of empirical studies. In: Spagnolli, A. et al. (eds.) Persuasive Technology, LNCS 8462, pp. 118\u2013136. Springer, Cham (2014a)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-07127-5_11"},{"key":"9200_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamari, J., Koivisto, J., Sarsa, H.: Does gamification work?\u2014A literature review of empirical studies on gamification. In: Proceedings of the 47th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Hawaii, USA, January 6\u20139 (2014b)","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2014.377"},{"key":"9200_CR64","volume-title":"The Gameful World: Approaches, Issues, Applications","author":"J Hamari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hamari, J., Huotari, K., Tolvanen, J.: Gamification and economics. In: Walz, S.P., Deterding, S. (eds.) The Gameful World: Approaches, Issues, Applications. MIT Press, Cambridge (2015)"},{"key":"9200_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.07.045","volume":"54","author":"J Hamari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hamari, J., Shernoff, D.J., Rowe, E., Coller, B., Asbell-Clarke, J., Edwards, T.: Challenging games help students learn: an empirical study on engagement, flow and immersion in game-based learning. Comput. Hum. Behav. 54, 170\u2013179 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2015.07.045","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"9200_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2014.08.019","volume":"80","author":"MD Hanus","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hanus, M.D., Fox, J.: Assessing the effects of gamification in the classroom: a longitudinal study on intrinsic motivation, social comparison, satisfaction, effort, and academic performance. Comput. Educ. 80, 152\u2013161 (2015)","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"9200_CR67","unstructured":"Hassan, L., Nader, A.: Gamification design in action: the practical cases of gamification platforms for employee work motivation and citizens\u2019 civic engagement. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on ICT Management for Global Competitiveness and Economic Growthin Emerging Economies (ICTM 2016), pp. 67\u201370. ISBN: 978-83-64389-62-7 (2016)"},{"issue":"6","key":"9200_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2011.07.001","volume":"27","author":"B Hernandez","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hernandez, B., Montaner, T., Sese, F.J., Urquizu, P.: The role of social motivations in e-learning: how do they affect usage and success of ICT interactive tools? Comput. Hum. Behav. 27(6), 2224\u20132232 (2011)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1120.0455","volume":"24","author":"C Hildebrand","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hildebrand, C., H\u00e4ubl, G., Herrmann, A., Landwehr, J.R.: When social media can be bad for you: community feedback stifles consumer creativity and reduces satisfaction with self-designed products. Inf. Syst. Res. 24(1), 14\u201329 (2013)","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR70","first-page":"188","volume":"13","author":"R Hirschheim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hirschheim, R., Klein, H.K.: A glorious and not-so-short history of the information systems field. J. Assoc. Inf. Syst. 13(4), 188 (2012)","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Inf. Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s12525-015-0212-z","volume":"27","author":"K Huotari","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huotari, K., Hamari, J.: A definition for gamification: anchoring gamification in the service marketing literature. Electr Mark. 27(1), 21\u201331 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12525-015-0212-z","journal-title":"Electr Mark."},{"key":"9200_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2014.04.015","volume":"68","author":"BA Jones","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jones, B.A., Madden, G.J., Wengreen, H.J.: The FIT game: preliminary evaluation of a gamification approach to increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in school. Prev. Med. 68, 76\u201379 (2014)","journal-title":"Prev. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1090.1129","volume":"56","author":"JH Jung","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jung, J.H., Schneider, C., Valacich, J.: Enhancing the motivational affordance of information systems: the effects of real-time performance feedback and goal setting in group collaboration environments. Manag. Sci. 56(4), 724\u2013742 (2010)","journal-title":"Manag. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2004.01.010","volume":"27","author":"JJ Jonker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jonker, J.J., Piersma, N., Van den Poel, D.: Joint optimization of customer segmentation and marketing policy to maximize long-term profitability. Exp. Syst. Appl. 27(2), 159\u2013168 (2004)","journal-title":"Exp. Syst. Appl."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s11002-014-9333-y","volume":"27","author":"EA Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim, E.A., Ratneshwar, S., Roesler, E., Chowdhury, T.G.: Attention to social comparison information and brand avoidance behaviors. Market. Lett. 27(2), 259\u2013271 (2016)","journal-title":"Market. Lett."},{"key":"9200_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.03.007","volume":"35","author":"J Koivisto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koivisto, J., Hamari, J.: Demographic differences in perceived benefits from gamification. Comput. Hum. Behav. 35, 179\u2013188 (2014)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"9200_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koivisto, J., Hamari, J.: The rise of motivational information systems: a review of gamification literature. Working paper (2017)","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3226221"},{"key":"9200_CR78","first-page":"1","volume":"92","author":"H Krasnova","year":"2013","unstructured":"Krasnova, H., Wenninger, H., Widjaja, T., Buxmann, P.: Envy on Facebook: a hidden threat to users\u2019 life satisfaction? Wirtschaftsinformatik 92, 1\u201316 (2013)","journal-title":"Wirtschaftsinformatik"},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2015.0588","volume":"26","author":"H Krasnova","year":"2015","unstructured":"Krasnova, H., Widjaja, T., Buxmann, P., Wenninger, H., Benbasat, I.: Research note\u2014why following friends can hurt you: an exploratory investigation of the effects of envy on social networking sites among college-age users. Inf. Syst. Res. 26(3), 585\u2013605 (2015)","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-2616(03)00028-7","volume":"32","author":"GP Latham","year":"2003","unstructured":"Latham, G.P.: Goal setting: a five-step approach to behavior change. Org. Dyn. 32(3), 309\u2013318 (2003)","journal-title":"Org. Dyn."},{"key":"9200_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1177\/1046878114563660","volume":"45","author":"RN Landers","year":"2014","unstructured":"Landers, R.N.: Developing a theory of gamified learning: linking serious games and gamification of learning. Simul. Gaming 45, 752\u2013768 (2014)","journal-title":"Simul. Gaming"},{"key":"9200_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.008","volume":"71","author":"RN Landers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Landers, R.N., Bauer, K.N., Callan, R.C.: Gamification of task performance with leaderboards: a goal setting experiment. Comput. Hum. Behav. 71, 508\u2013515 (2017)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"9200_CR83","first-page":"119","volume":"107","author":"GP Latham","year":"2000","unstructured":"Latham, G.P.: Motivate employee performance through goal setting. Handb. Princ. Org. Behav. 107, 119 (2000)","journal-title":"Handb. Princ. Org. Behav."},{"issue":"6","key":"9200_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1002\/job.4030120602","volume":"12","author":"C Lee","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lee, C., Bobko, P., Earley, P.C., Locke, E.A.: An empirical analysis of a goal setting questionnaire. J. Org. Behav. 12(6), 467\u2013482 (1991)","journal-title":"J. Org. Behav."},{"key":"9200_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lehdonvirta, V.: Virtual consumption. Turku School of Economics, No. A-11 (2009)","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1630382"},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2010.12.009","volume":"27","author":"KY Lin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lin, K.Y., Lu, H.P.: Why people use social networking sites: an empirical study integrating network externalities and motivation theory. Comput. Hum. Behav. 27(3), 1152\u20131161 (2011)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2005.tb00273.x","volume":"10","author":"K Ling","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ling, K., Beenen, G., Ludford, P., Wang, X., Chang, K., Li, X., Resnick, P.: Using social psychology to motivate contributions to online communities. J. Comput. Mediat. Commun. 10(4), 00\u201300 (2005)","journal-title":"J. Comput. Mediat. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1177\/1555412014559978","volume":"10","author":"A Lieberoth","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lieberoth, A.: Shallow gamification testing psychological effects of framing an activity as a game. Games Cult. 10(3), 229\u2013248 (2015)","journal-title":"Games Cult."},{"key":"9200_CR89","volume-title":"New Developments in Goal Setting and Task Performance","year":"2013","unstructured":"Locke, E.A., Latham, G.P. (eds.): New Developments in Goal Setting and Task Performance. Routledge, Abingdon (2013)"},{"key":"9200_CR90","volume-title":"Goal setting: a motivational technique that works!","author":"EA Locke","year":"1984","unstructured":"Locke, E.A., Latham, G.P.: Goal setting: a motivational technique that works!. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (1984)"},{"issue":"9","key":"9200_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.57.9.705","volume":"57","author":"EA Locke","year":"2002","unstructured":"Locke, E.A., Latham, G.P.: Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: a 35-year odyssey. Am. Psychol. 57(9), 705 (2002)","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.90.1.125","volume":"90","author":"EA Locke","year":"1981","unstructured":"Locke, E.A., Shaw, K.N., Saari, L.M., Latham, G.P.: Goal setting and task performance: 1969\u20131980. Psychol. Bull. 90(1), 125 (1981)","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2013\/37.4.15","volume":"37","author":"CM Loock","year":"2013","unstructured":"Loock, C.M., Staake, T., Thiesse, F.: Motivating energy-efficient behavior with green IS: an investigation of goal setting and the role of defaults. MIS Q. 37(4), 1313\u20131332 (2013)","journal-title":"MIS Q."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1109\/TPC.2014.2312452","volume":"57","author":"PB Lowry","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lowry, P.B., Gaskin, J.: Partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM) for building and testing behavioral causal theory: when to choose it and how to use it. IEEE Trans. Prof. Commun. 57(2), 123\u2013146 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Prof. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR95","first-page":"1","volume":"15","author":"FC Lunenburg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lunenburg, F.C.: Goal-setting theory of motivation. Int. J. Manag. Bus. Admin. 15(1), 1\u20136 (2011)","journal-title":"Int. J. Manag. Bus. Admin."},{"key":"9200_CR96","volume-title":"The Quantified Self: A Sociology of Self-Tracking","author":"D Lupton","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lupton, D.: The Quantified Self: A Sociology of Self-Tracking. Polity Press, Cambridge (2016)"},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03037244","volume":"17","author":"A Mamdani","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mamdani, A., Pitt, J., Stathis, K.: Connected communities from the standpoint of multi-agent systems. New Gener. Comput. 17(4), 381\u2013393 (1999)","journal-title":"New Gener. Comput."},{"issue":"5","key":"9200_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028533","volume":"32","author":"T Mann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mann, T., De Ridder, D., Fujita, K.: Self-regulation of health behavior: social psychological approaches to goal setting and goal striving. Health Psychol. 32(5), 487 (2013)","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"key":"9200_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.02.078","volume":"61","author":"M M\u00e4ntym\u00e4ki","year":"2016","unstructured":"M\u00e4ntym\u00e4ki, M., Islam, A.N.: The Janus face of Facebook: positive and negative sides of social networking site use. Comput. Hum. Behav. 61, 14\u201326 (2016)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"9200_CR100","volume-title":"Reality is Broken: Why Games Make Us Better and How They Can Change the World","author":"J McGonigal","year":"2011","unstructured":"McGonigal, J.: Reality is Broken: Why Games Make Us Better and How They Can Change the World. Penguin, London (2011)"},{"key":"9200_CR101","volume-title":"Skills for Managerial Success: Theory, Experience, and Practice","author":"LW Mealiea","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mealiea, L.W., Latham, G.P.: Skills for Managerial Success: Theory, Experience, and Practice. Irwin, Toronto (1996)"},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR102","first-page":"87","volume":"2","author":"R Mehta","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mehta, R.: The self-quantification movement-implications for healthcare professionals. SelfCare 2(3), 87\u201392 (2011)","journal-title":"SelfCare"},{"key":"9200_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morschheuser, B., Hamari, J., Koivisto, J.: Gamification in crowdsourcing: a review. In: Proceedings of the 49th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), Hawaii, USA, January 5\u20138 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/HICSS.2016.543","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2016.543"},{"key":"9200_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.08.026","volume":"77","author":"B Morschheuser","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morschheuser, B., Riar, M., Hamari, J., Maedche, A.: How games induce cooperation? A study on the relationship between game features and we-intentions in an augmented reality game. Comput. Hum. Behav. 77, 169\u2013183 (2017)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"9200_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Munson, S.A., Consolvo, S.: Exploring goal-setting, rewards, self-monitoring, and sharing to motivate physical activity. In: 2012 6th International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare (PervasiveHealth) and Workshops, pp. 25\u201332. IEEE (2012)","DOI":"10.4108\/icst.pervasivehealth.2012.248691"},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obhdp.2013.03.008","volume":"122","author":"JD Nahrgang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nahrgang, J.D., DeRue, D.S., Hollenbeck, J.R., Spitzmuller, M., Jundt, D.K., Ilgen, D.R.: Goal setting in teams: the impact of learning and performance goals on process and performance. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 122(1), 12\u201321 (2013)","journal-title":"Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process."},{"key":"9200_CR107","unstructured":"Nicholson, S.: A user-centered theoretical framework for meaningful gamification. In: Proceedings of Games+Learning+Society 8.0 (GLS 8.0) (2012)"},{"key":"9200_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nicholson, S.: A recipe for meaningful gamification. In: Gamification in Education and Business, pp. 1\u201320. Springer, Berlin (2015)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10208-5_1"},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691612447309","volume":"7","author":"JY Ng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ng, J.Y., Ntoumanis, N., Th\u00f8gersen-Ntoumani, C., Deci, E.L., Ryan, R.M., Duda, J.L., Williams, G.C.: Self-determination theory applied to health contexts a meta-analysis. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 7(4), 325\u2013340 (2012)","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"9200_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1201\/b15703","volume-title":"User Centered System Design","author":"DA Norman","year":"1986","unstructured":"Norman, D.A., Draper, S.W.: User Centered System Design, pp. 1\u20132. Hillsdale, NJ (1986)"},{"key":"9200_CR111","volume-title":"Psychometric Methods","author":"J Nunnally","year":"1978","unstructured":"Nunnally, J.: Psychometric Methods. McGraw-Hill, New York (1978)"},{"issue":"6","key":"9200_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-012-0591-5","volume":"17","author":"H Oinas-Kukkonen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Oinas-Kukkonen, H.: A foundation for the study of behavior change support systems. Pers. Ubiquit. Comput. 17(6), 1223\u20131235 (2013)","journal-title":"Pers. Ubiquit. Comput."},{"issue":"5","key":"9200_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-014-9146-y","volume":"24","author":"Akker op den","year":"2014","unstructured":"op den Akker, Jones, V.M., Hermens, H.J.: Tailoring real-time physical activity coaching systems: a literature survey and model. User Model. User-Adap. Inter. 24(5), 351\u2013392 (2014)","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adap. Inter."},{"issue":"5","key":"9200_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-014-9149-8","volume":"24","author":"R Orji","year":"2014","unstructured":"Orji, R., Vassileva, J., Mandryk, R.L.: Modeling the efficacy of persuasive strategies for different gamer types in serious games for health. User Model. User-Adap. Inter. 24(5), 453\u2013498 (2014)","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adap. Inter."},{"issue":"6","key":"9200_CR115","first-page":"336","volume":"8","author":"M Parameswaran","year":"2007","unstructured":"Parameswaran, M., Whinston, A.B.: Research issues in social computing. J. Assoc. Inf. Syst. 8(6), 336 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"9200_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petkov, P., K\u00f6bler, F., Foth, M., Medland, R., Krcmar, H.: Engaging energy saving through motivation-specific social comparison. In: CHI\u201911 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1945\u20131950. ACM (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/1979742.1979855"},{"key":"9200_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012109890-2\/50043-3","volume":"451","author":"PR Pintrich","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pintrich, P.R.: The role of goal orientation in self-regulated learning. Handb. Self Regul. 451, 451\u2013502 (2000)","journal-title":"Handb. Self Regul."},{"issue":"5","key":"9200_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.2308\/accr-50480","volume":"88","author":"A Presslee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Presslee, A., Vance, T.W., Webb, R.A.: The effects of reward type on employee goal setting, goal commitment, and performance. Account. Rev. 88(5), 1805\u20131831 (2013)","journal-title":"Account. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1386\/jgvw.6.2.159_1","volume":"6","author":"M Raftopoulos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Raftopoulos, M.: Towards gamification transparency: a conceptual framework for the development of responsible gamified enterprise systems. J. Gaming Virtual Worlds 6(2), 159\u2013178 (2014)","journal-title":"J. Gaming Virtual Worlds"},{"key":"9200_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.2307\/249535","volume":"16","author":"RH Rasch","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rasch, R.H., Tosi, H.L.: Factors affecting software developers\u2019 performance: an integrated approach. MIS Q. 16, 395\u2013413 (1992)","journal-title":"MIS Q."},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1145\/2629633","volume":"58","author":"R Rawassizadeh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rawassizadeh, R., Price, B.A., Petre, M.: Wearables: has the age of smartwatches finally arrived? Commun. ACM 58(1), 45\u201347 (2015)","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"key":"9200_CR122","unstructured":"Richter, A., Koch, M.: Functions of social networking services. In: Proceedings of International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, pp. 87\u201398 (2008)"},{"key":"9200_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rigby, C.S.: Gamification and motivation. In: Walz, S.P., Deterding, S. (eds.) The Gameful World: Approaches, Issues, Applications, pp. 113e137. MIT Press, Cambridge (2014)","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9788.003.0008"},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721414524224","volume":"23","author":"M Roskes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Roskes, M., Elliot, A.J., De Dreu, C.K.: Why is avoidance motivation problematic, and what can be done about it? Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 23(2), 133\u2013138 (2014)","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"9200_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2016.0630","volume":"27","author":"R Santhanam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Santhanam, R., Liu, D., Shen, W.C.M.: Research note\u2013gamification of technology-mediated training: not all competitions are the same. Inf. Syst. Res. 27, 453\u2013465 (2016)","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Res."},{"key":"9200_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2014.09.006","volume":"74","author":"K Seaborn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seaborn, K., Fels, D.I.: Gamification in theory and action: a survey. Int. J. Hum Comput Stud. 74, 14\u201331 (2015)","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum Comput Stud."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph6020492","volume":"6","author":"M Swan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Swan, M.: Emerging patient-driven health care models: an examination of health social networks, consumer personalized medicine and quantified self-tracking. Int. J. Environ. Res. Pub. Health 6(2), 492\u2013525 (2009)","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Pub. Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1089\/big.2012.0002","volume":"1","author":"M Swan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Swan, M.: The quantified self: fundamental disruption in big data science and biological discovery. Big Data 1(2), 85\u201399 (2013)","journal-title":"Big Data"},{"key":"9200_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.10.053","volume":"43","author":"EC Tandoc","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tandoc, E.C., Ferrucci, P., Duffy, M.: Facebook use, envy, and depression among college students: is facebooking depressing? Comput. Hum. Behav. 43, 139\u2013146 (2015)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.6.2.144","volume":"6","author":"S Taylor","year":"1995","unstructured":"Taylor, S., Todd, P.A.: Understanding information technology usage: a test of competing models. Inf. Syst. Res. 6(2), 144\u2013176 (1995)","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cedpsych.2010.08.002","volume":"36","author":"H Tuominen-Soini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tuominen-Soini, H., Salmela-Aro, K., Niemivirta, M.: Stability and change in achievement goal orientations: a person-centered approach. Contemp. Educ. Psychol. 36(2), 82\u2013100 (2011)","journal-title":"Contemp. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"9200_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uhlmann, T.S., Battaiola, A.L.: Applications of a roleplaying game for qualitative simulation and cooperative situations related to supply chain management. In: International Conference on HCI in Business, pp. 429\u2013439. Springer International Publishing (2014)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-07293-7_42"},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.2307\/25148660","volume":"28","author":"H Heijden Van der","year":"2004","unstructured":"Van der Heijden, H.: User acceptance of hedonic information systems. MIS Q. 28(4), 695\u2013704 (2004)","journal-title":"MIS Q."},{"issue":"6","key":"9200_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164497057006009","volume":"57","author":"D VandeWalle","year":"1997","unstructured":"VandeWalle, D.: Development and validation of a work domain goal orientation instrument. Educ. Psychol. Measur. 57(6), 995\u20131015 (1997)","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol. Measur."},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.86.4.629","volume":"86","author":"D VandeWalle","year":"2001","unstructured":"VandeWalle, D., Cron, W.L., Slocum Jr., J.W.: The role of goal orientation following performance feedback. J. Appl. Psychol. 86(4), 629 (2001)","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.46.2.186.11926","volume":"46","author":"V Venkatesh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V., Davis, F.D.: A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: four longitudinal field studies. Manag. Sci. 46(2), 186\u2013204 (2000)","journal-title":"Manag. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2307\/30036540","volume":"27","author":"V Venkatesh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V., Morris, M.G., Davis, G.B., Davis, F.D.: User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view. MIS Q. Manag. Inf. Syst. 27(3), 425\u2013478 (2003)","journal-title":"MIS Q. Manag. Inf. Syst."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1177\/0170840616663242","volume":"38","author":"M Vesa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vesa, M., Hamari, J., Harviainen, J.T., Warmelink, H.: Computer games and organization studies. Org. Stud. 38(2), 273\u2013284 (2017)","journal-title":"Org. Stud."},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1002\/jaba.108","volume":"47","author":"SR Wack","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wack, S.R., Crosland, K.A., Miltenberger, R.G.: Using goal setting and feedback to increase weekly running distance. J. Appl. Behav. Anal. 47(1), 181\u2013185 (2014)","journal-title":"J. Appl. Behav. Anal."},{"key":"9200_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.02.017","volume":"42","author":"X Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang, X., Schneider, C., Valacich, J.S.: Enhancing creativity in group collaboration: how performance targets and feedback shape perceptions and idea generation performance. Comput. Hum. Behav. 42, 187\u2013195 (2015)","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"9200_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.24908\/ss.v11i1\/2.4454","volume":"11","author":"JR Whitson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Whitson, J.R.: Gaming the quantified self. Surveill. Soc. 11(1\/2), 163 (2013)","journal-title":"Surveill. Soc."},{"issue":"4","key":"9200_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-016-9178-6","volume":"26","author":"MC Willemsen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Willemsen, M.C., Graus, M.P., Knijnenburg, B.P.: Understanding the role of latent feature diversification on choice difficulty and satisfaction. User Model. User-Adap. Inter. 26(4), 347\u2013389 (2016)","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adap. Inter."},{"issue":"2","key":"9200_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.2307\/249576","volume":"16","author":"J Webster","year":"1992","unstructured":"Webster, J., Martocchio, J.J.: Microcomputer playfulness: development of a measure with workplace implications. MIS Q. 16(2), 201\u2013226 (1992)","journal-title":"MIS Q."},{"issue":"1","key":"9200_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1093\/jopart\/muh004","volume":"14","author":"BE Wright","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wright, B.E.: The role of work context in work motivation: a public sector application of goal and social cognitive theories. J. Public Adm. Res. Theor. 14(1), 59\u201378 (2004)","journal-title":"J. Public Adm. Res. Theor."},{"key":"9200_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9.772","volume":"9","author":"N Yee","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yee, N.: Motivations of play in online games. J. Cyberpsychol. Behav. 9, 772\u2013775 (2006)","journal-title":"J. Cyberpsychol. Behav."},{"key":"9200_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yee, N., Ducheneaut, N., Nelson, L.: Online gaming motivations scale: development and validation. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, pp. 2803\u20132806. ACM (2012)","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208681"},{"issue":"11","key":"9200_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1145\/1400214.1400244","volume":"51","author":"P Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang, P.: Technical opinion motivational affordances: reasons for ICT design and use. Commun. ACM 51(11), 145\u2013147 (2008)","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"issue":"3","key":"9200_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1080\/00461520.2013.794676","volume":"48","author":"BJ Zimmerman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zimmerman, B.J.: From cognitive modeling to self-regulation: a social cognitive career path. Educ. Psychol. 48(3), 135\u2013147 (2013)","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol."},{"issue":"7","key":"9200_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-014-0783-2","volume":"18","author":"O Zuckerman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zuckerman, O., Gal-Oz, A.: Deconstructing gamification: evaluating the effectiveness of continuous measurement, virtual rewards, and social comparison for promoting physical activity. Pers. Ubiquit. Comput. 18(7), 1705\u20131719 (2014)","journal-title":"Pers. Ubiquit. Comput."}],"container-title":["User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11257-018-9200-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11257-018-9200-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11257-018-9200-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T00:12:05Z","timestamp":1751242325000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11257-018-9200-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]},"references-count":149,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["9200"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11257-018-9200-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-1868","1573-1391"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-1868","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-1391","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 May 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 January 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 January 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}