{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T13:30:48Z","timestamp":1773840648061,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Comput Vis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-011-0436-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,31]],"date-time":"2011-03-31T17:20:00Z","timestamp":1301592000000},"page":"52-73","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Efficient Detection and Recognition of 3D Ears"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Syed M. S.","family":"Islam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rowan","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Bennamoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ajmal S.","family":"Mian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"436_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1109\/CCST.2005.1594829","volume-title":"Proc. int\u2019l Carnahan conf. on security technology","author":"L. Alvarez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Alvarez, L., Gonzalez, E., & Mazorra, L. (2005). Fitting ear contour using an ovoid model. In Proc. int\u2019l Carnahan conf. on security technology (pp. 145\u2013148)."},{"key":"436_CR2","first-page":"688","volume-title":"Proc. int\u2019l conf. on computing: theory and applications","author":"S. Ansari","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ansari, S., & Gupta, P. (2007). Localization of ear using outer helix curve of the ear. In Proc. int\u2019l conf. on computing: theory and applications (pp. 688\u2013692)."},{"key":"436_CR3","series-title":"Lecture notes in computer science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-76856-2_54","volume-title":"Advances in visual computing","author":"B. Arbab-Zavar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Arbab-Zavar, B., & Nixon, M. S. (2007). On shape-mediated enrollment in ear biometrics. In Lecture notes in computer science: Vol.\u00a04842. Advances in visual computing (pp.\u00a0549\u2013558)."},{"issue":"2","key":"436_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1109\/34.121791","volume":"14","author":"P. J. Besl","year":"1992","unstructured":"Besl, P. J., & McKay, N. D. (1992). A method for registration of 3-D shapes. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 14(2), 239\u2013256.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"1","key":"436_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2005.05.005","volume":"101","author":"K. Bowyer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bowyer, K., Chang, K., & Flynn, P. (2006). A survey of approaches and challenges in 3D and multi-modal 3D+2D face recognition. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 101(1), 1\u201315.","journal-title":"Computer Vision and Image Understanding"},{"key":"436_CR6","first-page":"822","volume-title":"Proc. ICPR\u201900","author":"M. Burge","year":"2000","unstructured":"Burge, M., & Burger, W. (2000). Ear biometrics in computer vision. In Proc. ICPR\u201900 (pp. 822\u2013826)."},{"key":"436_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2007.4401938","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE international conference on biometrics: theory, applications, and systems, BTAS\u00a02007","author":"S. Cadavid","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cadavid, S., & Abdel-Mottaleb, M. (2007). Human identification based on 3D ear models. In Proc. IEEE international conference on biometrics: theory, applications, and systems, BTAS\u00a02007 (pp. 1\u20136)."},{"key":"436_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1986.4767851","volume":"8","author":"J. Canny","year":"1986","unstructured":"Canny, J. (1986). Towards fast 3D ear recognition for real-life biometric applications. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 8, 679\u2013714.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"9","key":"436_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2003.1227990","volume":"25","author":"K. Chang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chang, K., Bowyer, K., Sarkar, S., & Victor, B. (2005). Comparison and combination of ear and face images in appearance-based biometrics. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 25(9), 1160\u20131165.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"436_CR10","first-page":"574","volume-title":"Proc. ICPR 2004","author":"H. Chen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chen, H., & Bhanu, B. (2004). Human ear detection from side face range images. In Proc. ICPR 2004 (pp. 574\u2013577)."},{"key":"436_CR11","first-page":"123","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE workshops on application of computer vision","author":"H. Chen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chen, H., & Bhanu, B. (2005a). Contour matching for 3D ear recognition. In Proc. IEEE workshops on application of computer vision (pp. 123\u2013128)."},{"key":"436_CR12","first-page":"122","volume-title":"Proc. CVPR\u00a02005","author":"H. Chen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chen, H., & Bhanu, B. (2005b). Shape model-based 3D ear detection from side face range images. In Proc. CVPR\u00a02005 (pp. 122\u2013122)."},{"issue":"4","key":"436_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.1005","volume":"29","author":"H. Chen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chen, H., & Bhanu, B. (2007). Human ear recognition in 3D. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 29(4), 718\u2013737.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"436_CR14","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE instrumentation and measurement technology conf.","author":"Q. Chen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chen, Q., Georganas, N. D., & Petriu, E. M. (2007). Real-time vision-based hand gesture recognition using Haar-like features. In Proc. IEEE instrumentation and measurement technology conf. (pp. 1\u20136)."},{"key":"436_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.5565\/rev\/elcvia.108","volume":"5","author":"M. Chora\u015b","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chora\u015b, M. (2005). Ear biometrics based on geometrical feature extraction. Electronic Letters on Computer Vision and Image Analysis, 5, 84\u201395.","journal-title":"Electronic Letters on Computer Vision and Image Analysis"},{"key":"436_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-73137-7_32","volume-title":"Advances in information processing and protection","author":"M. Chora\u015b","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chora\u015b, M. (2007). Image pre-classification for biometrics identification systems. In J. Pejas & K. Saeed (Eds.), Advances in information processing and protection (pp. 361\u2013370). Berlin: Springer."},{"key":"436_CR17","unstructured":"D\u2019Errico, J. (2006). Surface fitting using gridfit. MATLAB central, file exchange. http:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/8998 ."},{"key":"436_CR18","volume-title":"Proc. European conf. on computational learning theory","author":"Y. Freund","year":"1995","unstructured":"Freund, Y., & Schapire, R. (1995). A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting. In Proc. European conf. on computational learning theory."},{"key":"436_CR19","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proc. biometrics: theory, applications and systems, BTAS 2008","author":"J. Gentile","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gentile, J., Bowyer, K., & Flynn, P. (2008). Profile face detection: a subset multi-biometric approach. In Proc. biometrics: theory, applications and systems, BTAS 2008 (pp. 1\u20136)."},{"key":"436_CR20","series-title":"NATO ASI series F, computer and systems sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-72201-1_25","volume-title":"Face recognition: from theory to applications","author":"D. Graham","year":"1998","unstructured":"Graham, D., & Allinson, N. (1998). Characterizing virtual eigensignatures for general purpose face recognition. In H. Wechsler, P. J. Phillips, V. Bruce, F. Fogelman-Soulie, & T. S. Huang (Eds.), NATO ASI series F, computer and systems sciences: Vol. 163. Face recognition: from theory to applications (pp. 446\u2013456)."},{"key":"436_CR21","first-page":"289","volume-title":"Proc. the 15th IEEE international conference on image processing, ICIP\u201908","author":"Y. Guo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guo, Y., & Xu, Z. (2008). Ear recognition using a new local matching approach. In Proc. the 15th IEEE international conference on image processing, ICIP\u201908 (pp. 289\u2013292)."},{"issue":"3","key":"436_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2004.11.001","volume":"98","author":"D. J. Hurley","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hurley, D. J., Nixon, M. S., & Carter, J. N. (2005). Force field feature extraction for ear biometrics. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 98(3), 491\u2013512.","journal-title":"Computer Vision and Image Understanding"},{"key":"436_CR23","first-page":"25","volume-title":"EUSIPCO 2007","author":"D. J. Hurley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hurley, D. J., Arbab-Zavar, B., & Nixon, M. S. (2007). The ear as a biometric. In EUSIPCO 2007 (pp. 25\u201329)."},{"key":"436_CR24","series-title":"Forensic identification series","volume-title":"Ear identification","author":"A. Iannarelli","year":"1989","unstructured":"Iannarelli, A. (1989). Ear identification. Forensic identification series. Fremont: Paramount Publishing Company."},{"key":"436_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1109\/DICTA.2009.87","volume-title":"Proc. digital image computing: techniques and applications (DICTA)","author":"S. Islam","year":"2009","unstructured":"Islam, S., & Davies, R. (2009). Refining local 3D feature matching through geometric consistency for robust biometric recognition. In Proc. digital image computing: techniques and applications (DICTA) (pp. 513\u2013518)."},{"key":"436_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2008.4544023","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE workshop on application of computer vision","author":"S. Islam","year":"2008","unstructured":"Islam, S., Bennamoun, M., & Davies, R. (2008a). Fast and fully automatic ear detection using cascaded AdaBoost. In Proc. IEEE workshop on application of computer vision (pp. 1\u20136)."},{"key":"436_CR27","first-page":"131","volume-title":"Proc. 3DPVT","author":"S. Islam","year":"2008","unstructured":"Islam, S., Bennamoun, M., Mian, A., & Davies, R. (2008b). A fully automatic approach for human recognition from profile images using 2D and 3D ear data. In Proc. 3DPVT (pp. 131\u2013141)."},{"key":"436_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-8741-7_90","volume-title":"Advances in computer and information sciences and engineering","author":"S. Islam","year":"2008","unstructured":"Islam, S., Bennamoun, M., Owens, R., & Davies, R. (2008c). Biometric approaches of 2D-3D ear and face: a survey. In T. Sobh (Ed.), Advances in computer and information sciences and engineering (pp. 509\u2013514). Netherlands: Springer."},{"key":"436_CR29","series-title":"Lecture notes in computer science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-88458-3_98","volume-title":"ACIVS 2008","author":"S. Islam","year":"2008","unstructured":"Islam, S., Davies, R., Mian, A., & Bennamoun, M. (2008d). A fast and fully automatic ear recognition approach based on 3D local surface features. In J. Blanc-Talon et al. (Eds.), Lecture notes in computer science: Vol.\u00a05259. ACIVS 2008 (pp. 1081\u20131092). Heidelberg: Springer."},{"issue":"1","key":"436_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2003.818349","volume":"14","author":"A. K. Jain","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jain, A. K., Ross, A., & Prabhakar, S. (2004). An introduction to biometric recognition. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 14(1), 4\u201320.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"436_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2006.873653","volume":"1","author":"A. K. Jain","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jain, A. K., Ross, A., & Pankanti, S. (2006). Biometrics: a tool for information security. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 1(2), 125\u2013143.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security"},{"key":"436_CR32","unstructured":"Jones, M., & Viola, P. (2003). Fast multi-view face detection (Technical Report). TR2003-96, MERL."},{"issue":"8","key":"436_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2004.03.018","volume":"64","author":"J. Kepner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kepner, J. (2004). MatlabMPI. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 64(8), 997\u20131005.","journal-title":"Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing"},{"key":"436_CR34","first-page":"277","volume-title":"Proc. the int\u2019l conf. on multimedia and expo, ICME \u201903","author":"R. Lienhart","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lienhart, R., Liang, L., & Kuranov, A. (2003). A detector tree of boosted classifiers for real-time object detection and tracking. In Proc. the int\u2019l conf. on multimedia and expo, ICME \u201903 (Vol. 2, pp. 277\u2013280)."},{"key":"436_CR35","first-page":"353","volume-title":"Proc. international conference on innovative computing, information and control, ICICIC \u201906","author":"L. Lu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lu, L., Zhang, X., Zhao, Y., & Jia, Y. (2007). Human identification based on 3D ear models. In Proc. international conference on innovative computing, information and control, ICICIC \u201906 (Vol.\u00a03, pp. 353\u2013356)."},{"key":"436_CR36","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proc. the 2nd conf. on audio and video-base biometric personal verification","author":"K. Messer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Messer, K., Matas, J., Kittler, J., Luettin, J., & Maitre, G. (1999). XM2VTSbd: the extended M2VTS database. In Proc. the 2nd conf. on audio and video-base biometric personal verification (pp. 1\u20136). New York: Springer. http:\/\/www.ee.surrey.ac.uk\/Research\/VSSP\/xm2vtsdb ."},{"issue":"11","key":"436_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.1105","volume":"29","author":"A. S. Mian","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mian, A. S., Bennamoun, M., & Owens, R. (2007). An efficient multimodal 2D\u20133D hybrid approach to automatic face recognition. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 29(11), 1927\u20131943.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"1","key":"436_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-007-0085-5","volume":"79","author":"A. Mian","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mian, A., Bennamoun, M., & Owens, R. (2008). Keypoint detection and local feature matching for textured 3D face recognition. International Journal of Computer Vision, 79(1), 1\u201312.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"436_CR39","unstructured":"MIT-CBCL\u2009(2004). MIT-CBCL\u2009face recognition database. http:\/\/cbcl.mit.edu\/software-datasets\/heisele\/facerecognition-database.html ."},{"key":"436_CR40","volume-title":"Robotica 2006-scientific meeting of the 6th robotics Portuguese festival","author":"G. Monteiro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Monteiro, G., Peixoto, P., & Nunes, U. (2006). Vision-based pedestrian detection using Haar-like features. In Robotica 2006-scientific meeting of the 6th robotics Portuguese festival, Portugal."},{"key":"436_CR41","unstructured":"NIST-MID (1994). NIST Mugshot Identification Database (MID). http:\/\/www.nist.gov\/srd\/nistsd18.htm ."},{"key":"436_CR42","first-page":"1216","volume-title":"Proc. ICPR 2006","author":"Z. Niu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Niu, Z., Shan, S., Yan, S., Chen, X, & Gao, W. (2006). 2D cascaded AdaBoost for eye localization. In Proc. ICPR 2006 (Vol.\u00a02, pp.\u00a01216\u20131219)."},{"key":"436_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2007.4425283","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE conference on advanced video\u00a0and\u00a0signal based surveillance, AVSS 2007","author":"G. Passalis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Passalis, G., Kakadiaris, I., Theoharis, T., Toderici, G., & Papaioannou,\u00a0T. (2007). Towards fast 3D ear recognition for real-life biometric applications. In Proc. IEEE conference on advanced video\u00a0and\u00a0signal based surveillance, AVSS 2007 (Vol. 3, pp. 39\u201344)."},{"key":"436_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1109\/AFGR.2004.1301525","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE int\u2019l conf. on automatic face and gesture recognition","author":"K. H. Pun","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pun, K. H., & Moon, Y. S. (2004). Recent advances in ear biometrics. In Proc. IEEE int\u2019l conf. on automatic face and gesture recognition (pp. 164\u2013169)."},{"key":"436_CR45","first-page":"1221","volume-title":"Proc. European signal processing conf.","author":"A. Ross","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ross, A., & Jain, A. K. (2004). Multimodal biometrics: an overview. In Proc. European signal processing conf. (pp. 1221\u20131224)."},{"key":"436_CR46","first-page":"571","volume-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems","author":"P. Simard","year":"1999","unstructured":"Simard, P., Bottou, L., Haffner, P., & LeCun, Y. (1999). A fast convolution algorithm for signal processing and neural networks. In M. Kearns, S. Solla, & D. Cohn (Eds.), Advances in neural information processing systems (Vol.\u00a011, pp.\u00a0571\u2013577)."},{"issue":"1","key":"436_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2004.05.005","volume":"48","author":"A. Treptow","year":"2004","unstructured":"Treptow, A., & Zell, A. (2004). Real-time object tracking for soccerrobots without color information. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 48(1), 41\u201348.","journal-title":"Robotics and Autonomous Systems"},{"key":"436_CR48","unstructured":"UMIST (2002). The UMIST face database. http:\/\/images.ee.umist.ac.uk\/danny\/database.html ."},{"key":"436_CR49","unstructured":"UND (2005). University of Notre Dame biometrics database. http:\/\/www.nd.edu\/~cvrl\/CVRL\/Data_Sets.html ."},{"key":"436_CR50","unstructured":"USTB (2002). USTB ear database. http:\/\/www.en.ustb.edu.cn\/resb\/ ."},{"issue":"2","key":"436_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000013087.49260.fb","volume":"57","author":"P. Viola","year":"2004","unstructured":"Viola, P., & Jones, M. (2004). Robust real-time face detection. International Journal of Computer Vision 57(2), 137\u2013154.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"436_CR52","volume-title":"First IEEE workshop on face processing in video","author":"B. Weyrauch","year":"2004","unstructured":"Weyrauch, B., Huang, J., Heisele, B., & Blanz, V. (2004). Component-based face recognition with 3D morphable models. In First IEEE workshop on face processing in video, Washington, DC."},{"key":"436_CR53","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Proc. CVPR","author":"P. Yan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yan, P., & Bowyer, K. W. (2005a). Ear biometrics using 2D and 3D images. In Proc. CVPR (pp. 121\u2013121)."},{"key":"436_CR54","first-page":"41","volume-title":"Proc. CVPR","author":"P. Yan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yan, P., & Bowyer, K. W. (2005b). Empirical evaluation of advanced ear biometrics. In Proc. CVPR (pp. 41\u201341)."},{"issue":"8","key":"436_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.1067","volume":"29","author":"P. Yan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yan, P., & Bowyer, K. W. (2007). Biometric recognition using 3D ear shape. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 29(8), 1297\u20131308.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"436_CR56","first-page":"237","volume-title":"Proc. congress on evolutionary computation","author":"T. Yuizono","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yuizono, T., Wang, Y., Satoh, K., & Nakayama, S. (2002). Study on individual recognition for ear images by using genetic local search. In Proc. congress on evolutionary computation (pp. 237\u2013242)."},{"key":"436_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4511","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLC.2005.1527733","volume-title":"Proc. int\u2019l conf. on machine learning and cybernetics","author":"H. J. Zhang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhang, H. J., Mu, Z. C., Qu, W., Liu, L. M., & Zhang, C. Y. (2005). A novel approach for ear recognition based on ICA and RBF network. In Proc. int\u2019l conf. on machine learning and cybernetics (pp. 4511\u20134515)."},{"key":"436_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, W., Chellappa, R., Rosenfeld, A., & Phillips, P. (2003). Face recognition: a literature survey. ACM Computing Surveys 399\u2013458.","DOI":"10.1145\/954339.954342"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Computer Vision"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11263-011-0436-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11263-011-0436-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11263-011-0436-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,9]],"date-time":"2019-06-09T15:35:25Z","timestamp":1560094525000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11263-011-0436-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]}},"alternative-id":["436"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11263-011-0436-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-5691","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-1405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]]}}}