{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T16:22:04Z","timestamp":1775578924348,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,29]],"date-time":"2012-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330473600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Comput Vis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-012-0517-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,28]],"date-time":"2012-02-28T16:24:31Z","timestamp":1330446271000},"page":"69-85","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":253,"title":["Creating Large-Scale City Models from 3D-Point Clouds: A Robust Approach with Hybrid Representation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Florent","family":"Lafarge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Mallet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"517_CR1","volume-title":"ICCV","author":"S. Agarwal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Agarwal, S., Snavely, N., Simon, I., Seitz, S., & Szeliski, R. (2009). Building Rome in a day. In ICCV, Kyoto, Japan."},{"key":"517_CR2","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"C. Baillard","year":"1999","unstructured":"Baillard, C., & Zisserman, A. (1999). Automatic reconstruction of piecewise planar models from multiple views. In CVPR, Los Alamitos, US."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"517_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-007-0104-6","volume":"78","author":"A. Banno","year":"2008","unstructured":"Banno, A., Masuda, T., Oishi, T., & Ikeuchi, K. (2008). Flying laser range sensor for large-scale site-modeling and its applications in Bayon digital archival project. International Journal of Computer Vision, 78(2\u20133), 207\u2013222.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"issue":"11","key":"517_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1109\/34.969114","volume":"23","author":"Y. Boykov","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boykov, Y., Veksler, O., & Zabih, R. (2001). Fast approximate energy minimization via graph cuts. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 23(11), 1124\u20131137.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"517_CR5","volume-title":"PCV","author":"C. Briese","year":"2002","unstructured":"Briese, C., Pfeifer, N., & Dorninger, P. (2002). Applications of the robust interpolation for DTM determination. In PCV, Graz, Austria."},{"key":"517_CR6","volume-title":"ICIP","author":"M. Carlberg","year":"2009","unstructured":"Carlberg, M., Gao, P., Chen, G., & Zakhor, A. (2009). Classifying urban landscape in aerial lidar using 3d shape analysis. In ICIP, Cairo, Egypt."},{"key":"517_CR7","unstructured":"CGAL (2011). www.cgal.org ."},{"key":"517_CR8","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"A.-L. Chauve","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chauve, A.-L., Labatut, P., & Pons, J.-P. (2010). Robust piecewise-planar 3D reconstruction and completion from large-scale unstructured point data. In CVPR, San Francisco, US."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"517_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-007-0105-5","volume":"78","author":"J. Chen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen, J., & Chen, B. (2008). Architectural modeling from sparsely scanned range data. International Journal of Computer Vision, 78(2\u20133), 223\u2013236.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"517_CR10","volume-title":"NIPS","author":"J. M. Coughlan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Coughlan, J. M., & Yuille, A. L. (2000). The Manhattan world assumption: Regularities in scene statistics which enable Bayesian inference. In NIPS, Denver, US."},{"issue":"2","key":"517_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000029665.07652.61","volume":"60","author":"A. Dick","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dick, A., Torr, P., & Cipolla, R. (2004). Modelling and interpretation of architecture from several images. International Journal of Computer Vision, 60(2), 111\u2013134.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"517_CR12","volume-title":"ECCV","author":"J.-M. Frahm","year":"2010","unstructured":"Frahm, J.-M., et al. (2010). Building Rome on a cloudless day. In ECCV, Hersonissos, Greece."},{"issue":"1","key":"517_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000027787.82851.b6","volume":"60","author":"C. Frueh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Frueh, C., & Zakhor, A. (2004). An automated method for large-scale, ground-based city model acquisition. International Journal of Computer Vision, 60(1), 5\u201324.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"517_CR14","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"Y. Furukawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Furukawa, Y., Curless, B., Seitz, S., & Szeliski, R. (2009). Manhattan-world stereo. In CVPR, Miami, US."},{"key":"517_CR15","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"Y. Furukawa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Furukawa, Y., Curless, B., Seitz, S., & Szeliski, R. (2010). Towards internet-scale multi-view stereo. In CVPR, San Francisco, US."},{"key":"517_CR16","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"D. Gallup","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gallup, D., Frahm, J., & Pollefeys, M. (2010). Piecewise planar and non-planar stereo for urban scene reconstruction. In CVPR, San Francisco, US."},{"key":"517_CR17","volume-title":"SIGGRAPH","author":"M. Garland","year":"1997","unstructured":"Garland, M., & Heckbert, P. (1997). Surface simplification using quadric error metrics. In SIGGRAPH, Los Angeles, US."},{"key":"517_CR18","volume-title":"ICCV","author":"A. Golovinskiy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Golovinskiy, A., Kim, V., & Funkhouser, T. (2009). Shape-based recognition of 3D point clouds in urban environments. In ICCV, Kyoto, Japan."},{"key":"517_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haala, N., & Kada, M. (2010). An update on automatic 3D building reconstruction. Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 65(6).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2010.09.006"},{"issue":"9","key":"517_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2004.70","volume":"26","author":"F. Han","year":"2004","unstructured":"Han, F., Tu, Z. W., & Zhu, S. C. (2004). Range image segmentation by an effective jump-diffusion method. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 26(9), 1138\u20131153.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"1","key":"517_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.281","volume":"32","author":"F. Lafarge","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lafarge, F., Descombes, X., Zerubia, J., & Pierrot-Deseilligny, M. (2010a). Structural approach for building reconstruction from a single DSM. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 32(1), 135\u2013147.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"517_CR22","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"F. Lafarge","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lafarge, F., Keriven, R., Bredif, M., & Vu, H. (2010b). Hybrid multi-view reconstruction by jump-diffusion. In CVPR, San Francisco, US."},{"key":"517_CR23","volume-title":"ICCV","author":"F. Lafarge","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lafarge, F., & Mallet, C. (2011). Building large urban environments from unstructured point data. In ICCV, Barcelona, Spain."},{"issue":"10","key":"517_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.14358\/PERS.76.10.1123","volume":"76","author":"F. Leberl","year":"2010","unstructured":"Leberl, F., Irschara, A., Pock, T., Meixner, P., Gruber, M., Scholz, S., & Wiechert, A. (2010). Point clouds: Lidar versus 3d vision. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 76(10), 1123\u20131134.","journal-title":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing"},{"key":"517_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-4-431-67044-5","volume-title":"Markov random field modeling in image analysis","author":"S. Li","year":"2001","unstructured":"Li, S. (2001). Markov random field modeling in image analysis. Berlin: Springer."},{"issue":"1","key":"517_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2008.09.007","volume":"64","author":"C. Mallet","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mallet, C., & Bretar, F. (2009). Full-waveform topographic lidar: state-of-the-art. Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 64(1), 1\u201316.","journal-title":"Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing"},{"issue":"3","key":"517_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1109\/34.910883","volume":"23","author":"D. Marshall","year":"2001","unstructured":"Marshall, D., Lukacs, G., & Martin, R. (2001). Robust segmentation of primitives from range data in the presence of geometric degeneracy. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 23(3), 304\u2013314.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"517_CR28","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"B. Matei","year":"2008","unstructured":"Matei, B., Sawhney, H., Samarasekera, S., Kim, J., & Kumar, R. (2008). Building segmentation for densely built urban regions using aerial lidar data. In CVPR, Anchorage, US."},{"issue":"2","key":"517_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2007.08.008","volume":"63","author":"H. Mayer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mayer, H. (2008). Object extraction in photogrammetric computer vision. Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 63(2), 213\u2013222.","journal-title":"Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing"},{"key":"517_CR30","volume-title":"SIGGRAPH","author":"P. Muller","year":"2006","unstructured":"Muller, P., Wonka, P., Haegler, S., Ulmer, A., & Van Gool, L. (2006). Procedural modeling of buildings. In SIGGRAPH, Boston."},{"key":"517_CR31","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"D. Munoz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Munoz, D., Bagnell, J. A., Vandapel, N., & Hebert, M. (2009). Contextual classification with functional max-margin Markov networks. In CVPR, Miami, US."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"517_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-007-0086-4","volume":"78","author":"M. Pollefeys","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pollefeys, M., et al. (2008). Detailed real-time urban 3D reconstruction from video. International Journal of Computer Vision, 78(2\u20133), 143\u2013167.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"517_CR33","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"C. Poullis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Poullis, C., & You, S. (2009). Automatic reconstruction of cities from remote sensor data. In CVPR, Miami, US."},{"issue":"2","key":"517_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2007.01016.x","volume":"26","author":"R. Schnabel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schnabel, R., Wahl, R., & Klein, R. (2007). Efficient RANSAC for point-cloud shape detection. Computer Graphics Forum, 26(2), 214\u2013226.","journal-title":"Computer Graphics Forum"},{"key":"517_CR35","volume-title":"ICCV","author":"S. N. Sinha","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sinha, S. N., Steedly, D., & Szeliski, R. (2009). Piecewise planar stereo for image-based rendering. In ICCV, Kyoto, Japan."},{"key":"517_CR36","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"C. Strecha","year":"2008","unstructured":"Strecha, C., Von Hansen, W., Van Gool, L., Fua, P., & Thoennessen, U. (2008). On benchmarking camera calibration and multi-view stereo for high resolution imagery. In CVPR, Anchorage, US."},{"key":"517_CR37","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"A. Toshev","year":"2010","unstructured":"Toshev, A., Mordohai, P., & Taskar, B. (2010). Detecting and parsing architecture at city scale from range data. In CVPR, San Francisco, US."},{"key":"517_CR38","volume-title":"Proc. of international symposium on Voronoi diagrams in science and engineering","author":"R. Tse","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tse, R., Gold, C., & Kidner, D. (2007). Using the Delaunay triangulation\/Voronoi diagram to extract building information from raw lidar data. In Proc. of international symposium on Voronoi diagrams in science and engineering, Urumchi, China."},{"key":"517_CR39","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"C. Vanegas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vanegas, C., Aliaga, D., & Benes, B. (2010). Building reconstruction using Manhattan-world grammars. In CVPR, San Francisco, US."},{"key":"517_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vosselman, G., Kessels, P., & Gorte, B. (2005). The utilisation of airborne laser scanning for mapping. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 6(3\u20134).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jag.2004.10.005"},{"key":"517_CR41","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"H. Vu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vu, H., Keriven, R., Labatut, P., & Pons, J. (2009). Towards high-resolution large-scale multiview. In CVPR, Miami, US."},{"issue":"2","key":"517_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1109\/18.910585","volume":"47","author":"Y. Weiss","year":"2001","unstructured":"Weiss, Y., & Freeman, W. (2001). On the optimality of solutions of the max-product belief propagation algorithm in arbitrary graphs. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 47(2), 736\u2013744.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory"},{"key":"517_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-015-8668-9","volume-title":"Epipolar geometry in stereo, motion and object recognition","author":"G. Xu","year":"1996","unstructured":"Xu, G., & Zhang, Z. (1996). Epipolar geometry in stereo, motion and object recognition. Dordrecht: Kluwer."},{"key":"517_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, H., Gossett, N., & Chen, B. (2007). Knowledge and heuristic-based modeling of laser-scanned trees. Trans. on Graphics, 26(4).","DOI":"10.1145\/1289603.1289610"},{"key":"517_CR45","volume-title":"ECCV","author":"L. Zebedin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zebedin, L., Bauer, J., Karner, K., & Bischof, H. (2008). Fusion of feature- and area-based information for urban buildings modeling from aerial imagery. In ECCV, Marseille, France."},{"key":"517_CR46","volume-title":"ECCV","author":"Q. Zhou","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhou, Q., & Neumann, U. (2010). 2.5d dual contouring: A robust approach to creating building models from aerial lidar point clouds. In ECCV, Hersonissos, Greece."},{"key":"517_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, Z., & Kanade, T. (2008). Special issue on modeling and representations of large-scale 3D scenes. International Journal of Computer Vision, 78(2\u20133).","DOI":"10.5772\/72"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Computer Vision"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11263-012-0517-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11263-012-0517-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11263-012-0517-8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]],"date-time":"2019-06-24T17:27:52Z","timestamp":1561397272000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11263-012-0517-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,29]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}},"alternative-id":["517"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11263-012-0517-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-5691","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-1405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,29]]}}}