{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T02:29:39Z","timestamp":1778898579199,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,16]],"date-time":"2016-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Research Council (TRC) of the Sultanate of Oman","award":["RC\/SCI\/COMP\/15\/02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC\/SCI\/COMP\/15\/02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wireless Netw"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-016-1224-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,16]],"date-time":"2016-02-16T10:25:35Z","timestamp":1455618335000},"page":"1301-1314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["EMGGR: an energy-efficient multipath grid-based geographic routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Faiza","family":"Al Salti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"N.","family":"Alzeidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bassel R.","family":"Arafeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1224_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2005.01.004","volume":"3","author":"I Akyildiz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Akyildiz, I., Pompili, D., & Melodia, T. (2005). Underwater acoustic sensor networks: research challenges. Ad Hoc Networks, 3(3), 257\u2013279.","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Networks"},{"issue":"6","key":"1224_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2011.06.009","volume":"34","author":"M Ayaz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ayaz, M., Baig, I., Abdullah, A., & Faye, I. (2011). A survey on routing techniques in underwater wireless sensor networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 34(6), 1908\u20131927.","journal-title":"Journal of Network and Computer Applications"},{"issue":"8","key":"1224_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.654","volume":"8","author":"L Lanbo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lanbo, L., Shengli, Z., & Jun-Hong, C. (2008). Prospects and problems of wireless communication for underwater sensor networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 8(8), 977\u2013994.","journal-title":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing"},{"key":"1224_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie, P., Cui, J. -H., & Lao, L. (2006). VBF: vector-based forwarding protocol for underwater sensor networks. In Proceedings of IFIP networking\u201906, 15\u201319 May 2006, Coimbra, pp. 1216\u20131221.","DOI":"10.1007\/11753810_111"},{"key":"1224_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jornet, J. M., Stojanovic, M., & Zorzi, M. (2008). Focused beam routing protocol for underwater acoustic networks. In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM international workshop on wireless network testbeds, experimental evaluation and characterization (WuWNeT\u201908), 15\u2013September 2008, San Francisco, CA, pp. 75\u201382.","DOI":"10.1145\/1410107.1410121"},{"key":"1224_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chirdchoo, N., Soh, W. -S., & Chua, K. (2009) Sector-based routing with destination location prediction for underwater mobile networks. In Proceedings of international conference on advanced information networking and applications workshops (WAINA \u201809), 26\u201329 May 2009, Bradford, pp. 1148\u20131153.","DOI":"10.1109\/WAINA.2009.105"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"1224_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016735301732","volume":"18","author":"W-H Liao","year":"2001","unstructured":"Liao, W.-H., Sheu, J.-P., & Tseng, Y.-C. (2001). GRID: A fully location-aware routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. Telecommunication Systems, 18(1\u20133), 37\u201360.","journal-title":"Telecommunication Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"1224_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1504\/IJWMC.2014.059722","volume":"7","author":"H Al-Maqbali","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Maqbali, H., Day, K., Ould-Khaoua, M., Touzene, A., & Alzeidi, N. (2014). A grid-based MANET routing protocol with simple cell-head election. International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing, 7(2), 159\u2013170.","journal-title":"International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing"},{"issue":"7","key":"1224_CR9","first-page":"14","volume":"4","author":"H Al-Maqbali","year":"2013","unstructured":"Al-Maqbali, H., Day, K., Ould-Khaoua, M., Touzene, A., & Alzeidi, N. (2013). Efficient grid-based MANET routing protocol. International Journal of Computer Science and Telecommunications, 4(7), 14\u201322.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Science and Telecommunications"},{"key":"1224_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Salti, F., Alzeidi, N., & Arafeh, B. (2014). A new multipath grid-based geographic routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of cyber-enabled distributed computing and knowledge discovery (CyberC), 13\u201315 October 2014, Shanghai, pp. 331\u2013336.","DOI":"10.1109\/CyberC.2014.64"},{"key":"1224_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao, Y., Cao, Q., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2013) EDAL: An energy-efficient, delay-aware, and lifetime-balancing data collection protocol for wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of 2013 IEEE 10th international conference on mobile ad-hoc and sensor systems (MASS), 14\u201316 October 2013, Hangzhou, pp. 182\u2013190.","DOI":"10.1109\/MASS.2013.44"},{"issue":"3","key":"1224_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2014.2306592","volume":"23","author":"Y Yao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yao, Y., Cao, Q., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2015). EDAL: An energy-efficient, delay-aware, and lifetime-balancing data collection protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. IEEE\/ACM Transactions Networking, 23(3), 810\u2013823.","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Transactions Networking"},{"issue":"01","key":"1224_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218396X01000401","volume":"09","author":"KB Smith","year":"2001","unstructured":"Smith, K. B. (2001). Convergence, stability, and variability of shallow water acoustic predictions using a split-step fourier parabolic equation model. Journal of Computational Acoustics, 09(01), 243\u2013285.","journal-title":"Journal of Computational Acoustics"},{"key":"1224_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Llor, J., Stojanovic, M., & Malumbres, M. P. (2011). A simulation analysis of large scale path loss in an underwater acoustic network. In Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE on OCEANS, 6\u20139 June 2011, Santander, pp. 1\u20135.","DOI":"10.1109\/Oceans-Spain.2011.6003498"},{"key":"1224_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie, P., & Cui, J. -H. (2007). R-MAC: An energy-efficient MAC protocol for underwater sensor networks. In Proceedings of the international conference on wireless algorithms, systems, and applications (WASA), 1\u20133 August 2007, Chicago, IL, pp. 187\u2013198.","DOI":"10.1109\/WASA.2007.37"},{"issue":"10","key":"1224_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2011.190","volume":"11","author":"Y Xiao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xiao, Y., Peng, M., Gibson, J., Xie, G. G., Du, D.-Z., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2012). Tight performance bounds of multihop fair access for MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks and underwater sensor networks. IEEE Transactions Mobile Computing, 11(10), 1538\u20131554.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions Mobile Computing"},{"key":"1224_CR17","unstructured":"Felemban, E., Shaikh, F. K., Qureshi, U. M., Sheikh, A., & Bin Qaisar, S. (2015). Underwater sensor network applications: A comprehensive survey. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, No. ID 896832, 1\u201314."},{"issue":"1","key":"1224_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-014-9948-6","volume":"58","author":"FJL Ribeiro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ribeiro, F. J. L., de Castro, A., Pedroza, P., & Costa, L. H. M. K. (2014). Underwater monitoring system for oil exploration using acoustic sensor networks\u201d. Telecommunication Systems, 58(1), 91\u2013106.","journal-title":"Telecommunication Systems"},{"key":"1224_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nicolaou, N., See, A., Xie, P., Cui, J. -H., & Maggiorini, D. (2007). Improving the robustness of location-based routing for underwater sensor networks. In Proceedings of OCEANS 2007\u2014Europe, 18\u201321 June 2007, Aberdeen, pp. 1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1109\/OCEANSE.2007.4302470"},{"issue":"17","key":"1224_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.1079","volume":"12","author":"D Shin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shin, D., Hwang, D., & Kim, D. (2012). DFR: An efficient directional flooding-based routing protocol in underwater sensor networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 12(17), 1517\u20131527.","journal-title":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing"},{"issue":"2","key":"1224_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3625","DOI":"10.3390\/s150203625","volume":"15","author":"N Javaid","year":"2015","unstructured":"Javaid, N., Jafri, M. R., Khan, Z. A., Alrajeh, N., Imran, M., & Vasilakos, A. (2015). Chain-based communication in cylindrical underwater wireless sensor networks. Sensors, 15(2), 3625\u20133649.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"3","key":"1224_CR22","first-page":"152","volume":"13","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jiang, Z. (2008). Underwater acoustic networks\u2014issues and solutions. International Journal of Intelligent Control and Systems, 13(3), 152\u2013161.","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Control and Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"1224_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.5121\/ijcnc.2011.3506","volume":"3","author":"K Day","year":"2011","unstructured":"Day, K., Touzene, A., Arafeh, B., & Alzeidi, N. (2011). Parallel routing in mobile ad-hoc Networks. International Journal of Computer Networks and Communications, 3(5), 77\u201394.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Networks and Communications"},{"issue":"9","key":"1224_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1109\/71.615436","volume":"8","author":"K Day","year":"1997","unstructured":"Day, K., & Al-Ayyoub, A. E. (1997). Fault diameter of k-ary n-cube networks. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 8(9), 903\u2013907.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems"},{"key":"1224_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie, P., Zhou, Z., Peng, Z., Yan, H., Hu, T., Cui, J. -H., Shi, Z., Fei, Y., & Zhou, S. (2009). Aqua-Sim: An NS-2 based simulator for underwater sensor networks. Proceedings of MTS\/IEEE Biloxi\u2014marine technology for our future: Global and local challenges (OCEANS 2009), 26\u201329 October 2009, Biloxi, MS, pp. 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.23919\/OCEANS.2009.5422081"},{"key":"1224_CR26","unstructured":"Davies, V. (2000). Evaluating mobility models within an ad hoc network. Master\u2019s thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 2000."},{"issue":"5","key":"1224_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.72","volume":"2","author":"T Camp","year":"2002","unstructured":"Camp, T., Boleng, J., & Davies, V. (2002). A survey of mobility models for ad hoc network research. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2(5), 483\u2013502.","journal-title":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing"},{"issue":"4","key":"1224_CR28","first-page":"37","volume":"2","author":"MA Masoumeh Alimohammadi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Masoumeh Alimohammadi, M. A., & Alirezaee, S. (2014). Distance-based underwater routing protocol: DBURP. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Solutions, 2(4), 37\u201347.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Science and Network Solutions"},{"key":"1224_CR29","unstructured":"AL-Zubydi,A. M., & Abdallah, M. N. (2013). Performance assessment of MAC layer protocols in pollution monitoring system based on underwater wireless sensor networks. Journal of Global Research in Computer Science, 4(3), 40\u201345."},{"key":"1224_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, M., Liu, G., & Wu, H. (2014). An energy-efficient routing algorithm for underwater wireless sensor networks inspired by ultrasonic frogs. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Article ID 351520, 12.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/351520"},{"key":"1224_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiang, L., Luo, J., & Vasilakos, A. (2011). Compressed data aggregation for energy efficient wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of 2011 8th annual IEEE communications society conference on sensor, mesh and ad hoc communications and networks, 27\u201330 June 2011, Salt Lake City, UT, pp. 46\u201354.","DOI":"10.1109\/SAHCN.2011.5984932"},{"issue":"8","key":"1224_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2014.2345257","volume":"26","author":"X-Y Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu, X.-Y., Zhu, Y., Kong, L., Liu, C., Gu, Y., Vasilakos, A. V., & Wu, M.-Y. (2015). CDC: Compressive data collection for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Parallel Distributed Systems, 26(8), 2188\u20132197.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel Distributed Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"1224_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2700264","volume":"11","author":"X Xu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xu, X., Ansari, R., Khokhar, A., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2015). Hierarchical data aggregation using compressive sensing (HDACS) in WSNs. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), 11(3), 1\u201325.","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)"}],"container-title":["Wireless Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11276-016-1224-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11276-016-1224-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11276-016-1224-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11276-016-1224-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T14:37:05Z","timestamp":1600180625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11276-016-1224-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,16]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1224"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11276-016-1224-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1022-0038","1572-8196"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1022-0038","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-8196","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,16]]}}}