{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T23:54:38Z","timestamp":1777593278246,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,25]],"date-time":"2017-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511568000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wireless Netw"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-017-1624-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,25]],"date-time":"2017-11-25T03:25:05Z","timestamp":1511580305000},"page":"1711-1729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Infrastructure-aided hybrid routing in CR-VANETs using a Bayesian Model"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Huma","family":"Ghafoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Insoo","family":"Koo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"1624_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2013.02.036","volume":"37","author":"S Al-Sultan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Sultan, S., Al-Doori, M. M., Al-Bayatti, A. H., & Zedan, H. (2014). A comprehensive survey on vehicular Ad Hoc network. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 37, 380\u2013392.","journal-title":"Journal of Network and Computer Applications"},{"key":"1624_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lee, K. C., Lee, U., & Gerla, M. (2009). Survey of routing protocols in vehicular ad hoc networks. In Advances in vehicular ad-hoc networks: Developments and challenges (Chap. 8, pp. 149\u2013170). IGI Global. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/978-1-61520-913-2.ch008 .","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-61520-913-2.ch008"},{"issue":"3","key":"1624_CR3","first-page":"913","volume":"26","author":"Y-W Lin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lin, Y.-W., Chen, Y.-S., & Lee, S.-L. (2010). Routing protocols in vehicular ad hoc networks: A survey and future perspectives. The Journal of Information Science and Engineering, 26(3), 913\u2013932.","journal-title":"The Journal of Information Science and Engineering"},{"issue":"2","key":"1624_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1109\/MVT.2012.2190177","volume":"7","author":"M Felice Di","year":"2012","unstructured":"Di Felice, M., Doost-Mohammady, R., Chowdhury, K. R., & Bononi, L. (2012). Smart radios for smart vehicles: Cognitive vehicular networks. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 7(2), 26\u201333.","journal-title":"IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine"},{"key":"1624_CR5","unstructured":"Jiang, D., Delgrossi, L. (2008). IEEE 802.11p: Towards an international standard for wireless access in vehicular environments. In Proceedings IEEE vehicular technology Conference (VTC \u201908-Spring) (pp. 2036\u20132040)."},{"issue":"2","key":"1624_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2004.839380","volume":"23","author":"S Haykin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Haykin, S. (2005). Cognitive radio: Brain-empowered wireless communications. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 23(2), 201\u2013220.","journal-title":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications"},{"issue":"49","key":"1624_CR7","first-page":"1","volume":"2014","author":"KD Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh, K. D., Rawat, P., & Bonnin, J.-M. (2014). Cognitive radio for vehicular ad hoc networks (CR-VANETs): Approaches and challenges. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2014(49), 1\u201322.","journal-title":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking"},{"issue":"2","key":"1624_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2015.2504408","volume":"18","author":"SHR Bukhari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bukhari, S. H. R., Rehmani, M. H., & Siraj, S. (2016). A survey of channel bonding for wireless networks and guidelines of channel bonding for futuristic cognitive radio sensor networks. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 18(2), 924.","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials"},{"key":"1624_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang, N., & Mark, J. W. (2014). Cooperative cognitive radio networking. In Security-aware cooperation in cognitive radio networks (Chap. 2, pp. 15\u201322). SpringerBriefs in Computer Science. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-0413-6_2 .","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0413-6_2"},{"key":"1624_CR10","first-page":"40","volume":"4","author":"IF Akyildiz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Akyildiz, I. F., Lo, B. F., & Balakrishnan, R. (2011). Cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks: A survey. Elsevier Personal Communication, 4, 40\u201362.","journal-title":"Elsevier Personal Communication"},{"issue":"1","key":"1624_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2015.2453967","volume":"13","author":"X-L Huang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huang, X.-L., Wu, J., Li, W., Zhang, Z., Zhu, F., & Wu, M. (2016). Historical spectrum sensing data mining for cognitive radio enabled vehicular ad-hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing, 13(1), 59\u201370.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing"},{"issue":"1","key":"1624_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2013.082713.00184","volume":"16","author":"M Youssef","year":"2014","unstructured":"Youssef, M., Ibrahim, M., Abdelatif, M., Chen, L., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2014). Routing metrics of cognitive radio networks: A survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 16(1), 92\u2013109.","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials"},{"issue":"2","key":"1624_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2013.6507392","volume":"20","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Long, K., & Wang, J. (2013). Self-organization paradigms and optimization approaches for cognitive radio technologies: A survey. IEEE Wireless Communication, 20(2), 36\u201342.","journal-title":"IEEE Wireless Communication"},{"issue":"12","key":"1624_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.1231","volume":"11","author":"W Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim, W., Oh, S. Y., Gerla, M., & Lee, K. C. (2011). CoRoute: A new cognitive anypath vehicular routing protocol. Wiley Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 11(12), 1588\u20131602.","journal-title":"Wiley Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing"},{"key":"1624_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, J., Ren, P., Xue, S., & Chen, H. ( 2012). Expected path duration maximized routing algorithm in CR-VANETs. InProceeding 1st IEEE international conference communication China (pp. 659\u2013663).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCChina.2012.6356966"},{"issue":"6","key":"1624_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1007\/s11036-013-0476-5","volume":"18","author":"J Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim, J., & Krunz, M. (2013). Spectrum-aware beaconless geographical routing protocol for cognitive radio enabled vehicular networks. Mobile Networks and Applications, 18(6), 854\u2013866.","journal-title":"Mobile Networks and Applications"},{"key":"1624_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghafoor, H., & Koo, I. (2016). Spectrum-aware geographic routing in cognitive vehicular ad hoc network using a Kalman filter. Journal of Sensors, vol. 2016, Article ID 8572601.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8572601"},{"key":"1624_CR18","first-page":"2282","volume-title":"Exploring artificial intelligence in the new millennium","author":"JS Yedidia","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yedidia, J. S., Freeman, W. T., & Weiss, Y. (2003). Understanding belief propagation and its generalizations. In G. Lakemeyer & B. Nebel (Eds.), Exploring artificial intelligence in the new millennium (Vol. 8, pp. 2282\u20132312). San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann."},{"key":"1624_CR19","volume-title":"Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems","author":"J Pearl","year":"1988","unstructured":"Pearl, J. (1988). Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.","edition":"2"},{"key":"1624_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karp, B., & Kung, H. T. (2000). GPSR: Greedy perimeter stateless routing for wireless networks. In Proceedings MobiCom 2000 (pp. 243\u2013254), Boston, MA.","DOI":"10.1145\/345910.345953"},{"key":"1624_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ding, Y., Wang, C., & Xiao, L. (2007). A static-node assisted adaptive routing protocol in vehicular networks. In Proceedings 4th ACM international workshop VANET (pp. 59\u201368), Montreal, QC.","DOI":"10.1145\/1287748.1287758"},{"issue":"1","key":"1624_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s11036-009-0181-6","volume":"15","author":"P-C Cheng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cheng, P.-C., Lee, K. C., Gerla, M., & Harri, J. (2010). GeoDTN+Nav: Geographic DTN routing with navigator prediction for urban vehicular environments. Mobile Networks and Applications, 15(1), 61\u201382.","journal-title":"Mobile Networks and Applications"},{"key":"1624_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghafoor, H., Koo, I., & Gohar, N. D. (2014). Neighboring and connectivity-aware routing in VANETs. The Scientific World Journal vol. 2014, Article ID 789247","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/789247"},{"issue":"3","key":"1624_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2011.09.001","volume":"10","author":"K Mershad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mershad, K., Artail, H., & Gerla, M. (2012). ROAMER: Roadside units as message routers in VANETs. Ad Hoc Networks, 10(3), 479\u2013496.","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Networks"},{"issue":"12","key":"1624_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2400","DOI":"10.1587\/transcom.E98.B.2400","volume":"98","author":"CT Ngo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ngo, C. T., & Oh, H. (2015). A roadside unit based hybrid routing protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 98(12), 2400.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Communications"},{"key":"1624_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amjad, Z., Song, W. -C., Ahn, K. -J. (2016). Two-level hierarchical routing based on road connectivity in VANETs. International Conference on industrial engineering, management science and applications (ICIMSA)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIMSA.2016.7504043"},{"key":"1624_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-015-0404-4","volume":"2015","author":"SH Abbassi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abbassi, S. H., Qureshi, I. M., Abbasi, H., & Alyaie, B. R. (2015). History-based spectrum sensing in CR-VANETs. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2015, 163.","journal-title":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking"},{"key":"1624_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2014.10.012","volume":"25","author":"K Baraka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baraka, K., Safatly, L., Artail, H., Ghandour, A., & Hajj, A\u00a0. E. (2015). An infrastructure-aided cooperative spectrum sensing scheme for vehicular ad hoc networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 25, 197\u2013212.","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Networks"},{"key":"1624_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, P., Huang, C., & Liu, Q. (2015). Delay bounded roadside unit placement in vehicular ad hoc networks. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, vol. 2015, Article ID 937673.","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/937673"},{"issue":"10","key":"1624_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2014.6917404","volume":"52","author":"Y Sun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sun, Y., & Chowdhury, K. R. (2014). Enabling emergency communication through a cognitive radio vehicular network. IEEE Communications Magazine, 52(10), 68\u201375.","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Magazine"},{"issue":"10","key":"1624_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3845","DOI":"10.1109\/T-WC.2008.070420","volume":"7","author":"W-Y Lee","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lee, W.-Y., & Akyildiz, I. F. (2008). Optimal spectrum sensing framework for cognitive radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 7(10), 3845\u20133857.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications"},{"key":"1624_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghafoor, H., Noh, Y., & Koo, I. (2016). Belief propagation-based cognitive routing in maritime ad hoc networks. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, vol. 2016, Article ID 7635206.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7635206"},{"key":"1624_CR33","unstructured":"Kasemann, M., Fubler, H., Hartenstein, H., & Mauve, M. (2002). A reactive location service for mobile ad hoc networks. Department of Computer Science, University of Mannheim, Technical Report TR-02-014."},{"key":"1624_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bukhari, S. H. R., Siraj, S., & Rehmani, M. H. (2016). NS-2 based simulation framework for cognitive radio sensor networks. Wireless Networks. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11276-016-1418-5 .","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-016-1418-5"},{"key":"1624_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasheed, H., & Rajatheva, N. (2011). Spectrum sensing for cognitive vehicular networks over composite fading. International Journal of Automotive Technology, vol. 2011, Article ID 630467, 9 pages.","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/630467"},{"key":"1624_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abbas, T., Sjoberg, K., Karedal, J., & Tufvesson, F. (2015). A measurement based shadow fading model for vehicle-to-vehicle network simulations. Hindawi International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 2015, Article ID 190607, 12 pages.","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/190607"},{"key":"1624_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zang, Y., Stibor, L., Orfanos, G., Guo, S., Reumerman, H. -J. (2005). An error model for inter-vehicle communications in highway scenarios at 5.9 GHz. In Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international workshop on performance evaluation of wireless ad hoc, sensor, and ubiquitous networks (PE-WASUN \u201905) (pp. 49\u201356) ACM, Montreal.","DOI":"10.1145\/1089803.1089966"},{"key":"1624_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Felice, M. D., Chowdhury, K. R., Bononi, L. (2010). Analyzing the potential of cooperative cognitive radio technology on inter-vehicle communication. In Proceedings of IFIP Wireless Days (pp. 1\u20136), Venice, Italy.","DOI":"10.1109\/WD.2010.5657770"}],"container-title":["Wireless Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11276-017-1624-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11276-017-1624-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11276-017-1624-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,6]],"date-time":"2019-10-06T16:44:19Z","timestamp":1570380259000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11276-017-1624-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,25]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1624"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11276-017-1624-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1022-0038","1572-8196"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1022-0038","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-8196","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 November 2017","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}