{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T07:23:43Z","timestamp":1740122623955,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485993600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004084","name":"Korea Science and Engineering Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016R1A2B4013418"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016R1A2B4013418"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004084","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002643","name":"Kwangwoon University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002643","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wireless Pers Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-017-4027-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T11:15:13Z","timestamp":1486034113000},"page":"3813-3828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Radio Propagation Model Considering Antenna Beam Tilt with Application to Small Cells"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5433-2241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jihoon","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyukjun","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"4027_CR1","unstructured":"Sohn, G. (2013). Small cell trend and introduction to Cisco solutions. In Cisco Connect Korea 2013."},{"key":"4027_CR2","volume-title":"Antennas for base stations in wireless communications","author":"ZN Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen, Z. N., & Luk, K. M. (2009). Antennas for base stations in wireless communications. New York: McGraw Hill."},{"key":"4027_CR3","unstructured":"Meyer, L.\u00a0J. (2010). Electrical and mechanical downtilt and their effects on horizontal pattern performance. White Paper by CommScope, WP-103755-EN (pp. 1\u201315)."},{"key":"4027_CR4","unstructured":"Yamaguchi, R., Ohta, Y., Omote, H., Sugita, Y., & Fujii, T. (2013). Throughput improvement by combined tilting of base station antenna. In 7th European conference on antennas and propagation (EUCAP) (pp. 871\u2013873)."},{"issue":"2","key":"4027_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s00202-005-0320-4","volume":"89","author":"E Siachalou","year":"2006","unstructured":"Siachalou, E., Samaras, T., Koukourlis, C., & Panas, S. (2006). On the beam tilting and bit rate selection in mobile systems. Electrical Engineering, 89(2), 107\u2013116. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00202-005-0320-4\n                        \n                    .","journal-title":"Electrical Engineering"},{"key":"4027_CR6","unstructured":"Manholm, L., Johansson, M., & Petersson, S. (2004). Influence of electrical beamtilt and antenna beamwidths on downlink capacity in WCDMA: simulations and realization. In international symposium on antennas and propagation (ISAP) (pp. 641\u2013644)."},{"key":"4027_CR7","first-page":"816","volume":"5","author":"J Niemela","year":"2005","unstructured":"Niemela, J., Isotalo, T., & Lempiainen, J. (2005). Optimum antenna downtilt angles for macrocellular WCDMA network. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 5, 816\u2013827.","journal-title":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking"},{"key":"4027_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yilmaz, O.\u00a0N.\u00a0C., Hamalainen, S., & Hamalainen, J. (2009). Comparison of remote electrical and mechanical antenna downtilt performance for 3GPP LTE. In IEEE 70th vehicular technology conference (VTC Fall) (pp. 1\u20135). doi:\n                        10.1109\/VETECF.2009.5379074\n                        \n                    .","DOI":"10.1109\/VETECF.2009.5379074"},{"key":"4027_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Athley, F., & Johansson, M.\u00a0N. (2010). Impact of electrical and mechanical antenna tilt on LTE downlink system performance. In IEEE 71st vehicular technology conference (VTC Spring) (pp. 1\u20135). doi:\n                        10.1109\/VETECS.2010.5493599\n                        \n                    .","DOI":"10.1109\/VETECS.2010.5493599"},{"issue":"3","key":"4027_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1109\/T-VT.1980.23859","volume":"29","author":"M Hata","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hata, M. (1980). Empirical formula for propagation loss in land mobile radio services. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 29(3), 317\u2013325.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology"},{"key":"4027_CR11","unstructured":"COST Telecommunications (1999). Digital mobile radio towards future generation systems. COST 231 Final Report, Ch.4, Brussels, Belgium."},{"issue":"4","key":"4027_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1109\/25.330150","volume":"43","author":"SY Sidel","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sidel, S. Y., & Rappaport, T. S. (1994). Site-specific propagation prediction for wireless in-builing personal communication system design. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 43(4), 879\u2013891.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology"},{"issue":"6","key":"4027_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1109\/8.686774","volume":"46","author":"G Liang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Liang, G., & Bertoni, H. L. (1998). A new approach to 3-D ray tracing for propagation prediction in cities. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 46(6), 853\u2013863.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation"},{"issue":"1","key":"4027_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1109\/25.69989","volume":"40","author":"AJ Rustako","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rustako, A. J., Amitay, N., Owens, G. J., & Roman, R. R. (1991). Radio propagation at microwave frequencies for line-of-sight microcellular mobile and personal communications. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 40(1), 203\u2013210.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology"},{"issue":"10","key":"4027_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1109\/8.247785","volume":"41","author":"HH Xia","year":"1993","unstructured":"Xia, H. H., Bertoni, H. L., Maciel, L. R., Lindsay-Stewart, A., & Rowe, R. (1993). Radio propagation characteristics for line-of-sight microcellular and personal communications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 41(10), 1439\u20131447.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation"},{"issue":"4","key":"4027_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1109\/25.330158","volume":"43","author":"MC Lawton","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lawton, M. C., & McGeehan, J. P. (1994). The application of a deterministic ray launching algorithm for the prediction of radio channel chracteristics in small-cell environements. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 43(4), 955\u2013969.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology"},{"key":"4027_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rizk, K., Valenzuela, R., Fortune, S., Chizhik, D., & Gardiol, F. (1998). Lateral, full-3D and vertical plane propagation in microcells and small cells. In IEEE 49th vehicular technology conference (VTC) (pp. 998\u20131003).","DOI":"10.1109\/VETEC.1998.686390"},{"key":"4027_CR18","unstructured":"Gougeon, G., Lostanlen, Y., & Maviel, L. (2011). Coupling a deterministic propagation model with diffuse scattering and urban furniture for small cells. In 5th European conference on antennas and propagation (EUCAP) (pp. 3448\u20133452)."},{"key":"4027_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-014-1910-0","volume":"78","author":"DW Kifle","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kifle, D. W., Gimenez, L. C., Wegmann, Bernhard, Viering, I., & Klein, A. (2014). Comparison and extension of existing 3D propagation models with real-world effects based on ray-tracing - a basis for network planning and optimization. Wireless Personal Communications, 78, 1719\u20131738.","journal-title":"Wireless Personal Communications"},{"key":"4027_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Choi, J., Oh, H., & Jeon, H.\u00a0C. (2014). Propagation prediction for LTE small cells with antenna beam tilt. In IEEE 80th vehicular technology conference (VTC Fall)(pp. 1\u20135). doi:\n                        10.1109\/VTCFall.2014.6966136\n                        \n                    .","DOI":"10.1109\/VTCFall.2014.6966136"},{"key":"4027_CR21","unstructured":"Report ITU-R M.2135-1 (2009). Guidelines for evaluation of radio interface technologies for IMT-Advanced. ITU-R (pp. 34\u201347)."},{"issue":"12","key":"4027_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1109\/8.14401","volume":"36","author":"J Walfisch","year":"1988","unstructured":"Walfisch, J., & Bertoni, H. L. (1988). A theoretical model of UHF propagation in urban environments. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 36(12), 1788\u20131796.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation"},{"issue":"3","key":"4027_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1109\/8.76325","volume":"39","author":"F Ikegami","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ikegami, F., Takeuchi, T., & Yoshida, S. (1991). Theoretical prediction of mean field strength for urban mobile radio. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 39(3), 299\u2013302.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation"},{"key":"4027_CR24","unstructured":"3GPP TR 36.814 V9.0.0 (2010). Further advancements for E-UTRA physical layer aspects (Release 9). 3GPP Technical Report, pp. 79\u201382."}],"container-title":["Wireless Personal Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11277-017-4027-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-017-4027-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-017-4027-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]],"date-time":"2017-08-08T13:21:08Z","timestamp":1502198468000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11277-017-4027-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["4027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-017-4027-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-6212","1572-834X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0929-6212"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1572-834X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]}}}