{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T02:09:57Z","timestamp":1769566197682,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583107200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wireless Pers Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-020-07098-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T15:03:02Z","timestamp":1583161382000},"page":"1229-1241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Estimation of Effect of Fog on Terrestrial Free Space Optical Communication Link"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Sree Madhuri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocab":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Govardhani","family":"Immadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocab":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Venkata Narayana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocab":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"7098_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2016.03.027","volume":"89","author":"A Mansour","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mansour, A., Masleh, R., & Abaza, M. (2017). New challenges in wireless and free space optical communications. Optics and Lasers in Engineering,89, 95\u2013108.","journal-title":"Optics and Lasers in Engineering"},{"issue":"11","key":"7098_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2013.2257683","volume":"31","author":"M Ijaz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ijaz, M., Ghassemlooy, Z., Pesek, J., Fiser, O., Minh, H. L., & Bentley, E. (2013). Modeling of fog and smoke attenuation in free space optical communications link under controlled laboratory conditions. Journal of Lightwave Technology,31(11), 1720\u20131726.","journal-title":"Journal of Lightwave Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"7098_CR3","first-page":"203","volume":"19","author":"H Henniger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Henniger, H., & Wilfert, O. (2010). An introduction to free-space optical communications. Radioengineering,19(2), 203\u2013212.","journal-title":"Radioengineering"},{"key":"7098_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3795","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.44.003795","volume":"44","author":"R Nebuloni","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nebuloni, R. (2005). Empirical relationships between extinction coefficient and visibility in fog. Applied Optics,44, 3795\u20133804.","journal-title":"Applied Optics"},{"issue":"12","key":"7098_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.14419\/ijet.v7i3.12.15854","volume":"7","author":"A Sree Madhuri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sree Madhuri, A., Venkata Narayana, M., & Immadi, G. (2018). Performance analysis of single and multiple channel FSO system under turbulent conditions using various models. International Journal of Engineering and Technology,7(12), 14\u201318.","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering and Technology"},{"issue":"3","key":"7098_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2013.2294356","volume":"32","author":"M Grabner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Grabner, M., & Kvicera, V. (2014). Multiple scattering in rain and fog on free-space optical links. Journal of Lightwave Technology,32(3), 513\u2013520.","journal-title":"Journal of Lightwave Technology"},{"key":"7098_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-018-5870-7","volume":"103","author":"G Immadi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Immadi, G., Venkata Narayana, M., Kotamraju, S. K., & Sree Madhuri, A. (2018). Estimating the performance of free space optical link under adverse weather conditions by using various models. Wireless Personal Communications,103, 1603\u20131613.","journal-title":"Wireless Personal Communications"},{"issue":"1","key":"7098_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s12200-014-0392-8","volume":"7","author":"AG Alkholidi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alkholidi, A. G., & Altowij, K. S. (2014). Climate effects on performance of free space optical communication systems in Yemen. Frontiers of Optoelectronics,7(1), 91\u2013101.","journal-title":"Frontiers of Optoelectronics"},{"issue":"8","key":"7098_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.4304\/jcm.4.8.533-545","volume":"4","author":"MS Awan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Awan, M. S., Csurgai Horwath, L., Muhammad, S. S., Leitgeb, E., Nadeem, F., & Khan, M. S. (2009). Characterization of fog and snow attenuations for free-space optical propagation. Journal of Communications,4(8), 533\u2013545.","journal-title":"Journal of Communications"},{"key":"7098_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1637611","volume":"42","author":"MA Naboulsi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Naboulsi, M. A., Sizun, H., & de Fornel, F. (2004). Fog attenuation prediction for optical and infrared waves. Optical Engineering,42, 319\u2013329.","journal-title":"Optical Engineering"},{"issue":"2","key":"7098_CR11","first-page":"1649","volume":"20","author":"RN Mahalati","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mahalati, R. N., & Kahn, J. M. (2012). Effect of fog on free-space optical links employing imaging receivers. Optical Society of America,20(2), 1649\u20131661.","journal-title":"Optical Society of America"},{"key":"7098_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2002.800829","volume":"50","author":"X Zhu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zhu, X., & Kahn, J. M. (2002). Free-space optical communication through atmospheric turbulence channels. IEEE Transactions on Communications,50, 1293\u20131300.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Communications"},{"key":"7098_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.4304\/jcm.4.8.533-545","volume":"4","author":"MS Awan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Awan, M. S., Horwath, L. C., Muhammad, S. S., Leitgeb, E., Nadeem, F., & Khan, M. S. (2009). Characterization of fog and snow attenuations for free-space optical propagation. Journal of Communications,4, 533\u2013545.","journal-title":"Journal of Communications"},{"key":"7098_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1117\/12.417512","volume":"4214","author":"II Kim","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim, I. I., McArthur, B., & Korevaar, E. J. (2001). Comparison of laser beam propagation at 785\u00a0nm and 1550\u00a0nm in fog and haze for optical wireless communications. Proceedings of SPIE,4214, 26\u201337.","journal-title":"Proceedings of SPIE"}],"container-title":["Wireless Personal Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-020-07098-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11277-020-07098-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-020-07098-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T00:11:13Z","timestamp":1614643873000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11277-020-07098-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["7098"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-020-07098-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-6212","1572-834X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0929-6212","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-834X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 March 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}