{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T16:59:15Z","timestamp":1784998755132,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wireless Pers Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-020-07338-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T09:03:33Z","timestamp":1588064613000},"page":"2499-2517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Smart Phone Based Sensor Fusion by Using Madgwick Filter for 3D Indoor Navigation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Md. Abid","family":"Hasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Hafizur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"7338_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmcj.2014.11.004","volume":"16","author":"K Zhan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhan, K., Faux, S., & Ramos, F. (2015). Multi-scale conditional random fields for first-person activity recognition on elders and disabled patients. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 16, 251\u2013267.","journal-title":"Pervasive and Mobile Computing"},{"key":"7338_CR2","unstructured":"Bokareva, T., Hu, W., Kanhere, S., Ristic, B., Gordon, N., Bessell, T., Rutten, M., & Jha, S. (2006). Wireless sensor networks for battlefield surveillance. In Proceedings of the land warfare conference (pp. 1\u20138)."},{"issue":"2","key":"7338_CR3","first-page":"175","volume":"59","author":"O Mezentsev","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mezentsev, O., Collin, J., & Lachapelle, G. (2005). Pedestrian dead reckoning\u2014A solution to navigation in GPS signal degraded areas? Geomatica, 59(2), 175\u2013182.","journal-title":"Geomatica"},{"key":"7338_CR4","unstructured":"Godha, S., Lachapelle, G., & Cannon, M. E. (2006). Integrated GPS\/INS system for pedestrian navigation in a signal degraded environment. In ION GNSS (Vol. 2006)."},{"key":"7338_CR5","unstructured":"Schatzberg, U., Banin, L., & Amizur, Y. (2014). Enhanced WiFi ToF indoor positioning system with MEMS-based INS and pedometric information. In Position, location and navigation symposium-PLANS 2014, 2014 IEEE\/ION (pp. 185\u2013192). New York: IEEE."},{"key":"7338_CR6","unstructured":"Zampella, F., De\u00a0Angelis, A., Skog, I., Zachariah, D., & Jimenez, A. (2012). A constraint approach for UWB and PDR fusion. In 2012 international conference on indoor positioning and indoor navigation (IPIN) (pp. 1\u20139). New York: IEEE."},{"issue":"1","key":"7338_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-018-5688-3","volume":"101","author":"MA Hasan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hasan, M. A., & Mishuk, M. N. (2018). Mems IMU based pedestrian indoor navigation for smart glass. Wireless Personal Communications, 101(1), 287\u2013303.","journal-title":"Wireless Personal Communications"},{"key":"7338_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/197090","volume":"2013","author":"A Ali","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ali, A., & El-Sheimy, N. (2013). Low-cost MEMS-based pedestrian navigation technique for GPS-denied areas. Journal of Sensors, 2013, 10.","journal-title":"Journal of Sensors"},{"key":"7338_CR9","unstructured":"Beauregard, S. (March 2006). A helmet-mounted pedestrian dead reckoning system. In Proceedings of the 3rd international forum on applied wearable computing (IFAWC 2006) (pp. 15\u201316). Bremen: VDE Verlag."},{"key":"7338_CR10","unstructured":"Kappi, J., Syrjarinne, J., & Saarinen, J. (2001). MEMS-IMU based pedestrian navigator for handheld devices. In Proceedings of the 14th international technical meeting of the satellite division of the institute of navigation (ION GPS 2001) (pp. 1369\u20131373)."},{"key":"7338_CR11","unstructured":"Lin, T., Li, L., & Lachapelle, G. (2015). Multiple sensors integration for pedestrian indoor navigation. In 2015 international conference on indoor positioning and indoor navigation (IPIN) (pp. 1\u20139). New York: IEEE."},{"key":"7338_CR12","unstructured":"Madgwick, S. O., Harrison, A. J., & Vaidyanathan, R. (2011). Estimation of IMU and MARG orientation using a gradient descent algorithm. In 2011 IEEE international conference on rehabilitation robotics (ICORR) (pp. 1\u20137). New York: IEEE."},{"issue":"7","key":"7338_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"075202","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-0233\/19\/7\/075202","volume":"19","author":"S Godha","year":"2008","unstructured":"Godha, S., & Lachapelle, G. (2008). Foot mounted inertial system for pedestrian navigation. Measurement Science and Technology, 19(7), 075202.","journal-title":"Measurement Science and Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"7338_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1108\/SR-03-2015-0032","volume":"35","author":"H Zhao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhao, H., Wang, Z., Gao, Q., Hassan, M. M., & Alelaiwi, A. (2015). Smooth estimation of human foot motion for zero-velocity-update-aided inertial pedestrian navigation system. Sensor Review, 35(4), 389\u2013400.","journal-title":"Sensor Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"7338_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2015.2430357","volume":"20","author":"Z Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Zhao, H., Qiu, S., & Gao, Q. (2015). Stance-phase detection for ZUPT-aided foot-mounted pedestrian navigation system. IEEE\/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 20(6), 3170\u20133181.","journal-title":"IEEE\/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics"},{"issue":"1","key":"7338_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3390\/s16010139","volume":"16","author":"M Ren","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ren, M., Pan, K., Liu, Y., Guo, H., Zhang, X., & Wang, P. (2016). A novel pedestrian navigation algorithm for a foot-mounted inertial-sensor-based system. Sensors, 16(1), 139.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"20","key":"7338_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208101","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.93.208101","volume":"93","author":"VB Kokshenev","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kokshenev, V. B. (2004). Dynamics of human walking at steady speeds. Physical Review Letters, 93(20), 208101.","journal-title":"Physical Review Letters"},{"issue":"2","key":"7338_CR18","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"H Weinberg","year":"2002","unstructured":"Weinberg, H. (2002). Using the ADXL202 in pedometer and personal navigation applications. Analog Devices AN-602 application note, 2(2), 1\u20136.","journal-title":"Analog Devices AN-602 application note"},{"issue":"9","key":"7338_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.3390\/s16091423","volume":"16","author":"N-H Ho","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ho, N.-H., Truong, P. H., & Jeong, G.-M. (2016). Step-detection and adaptive step-length estimation for pedestrian dead-reckoning at various walking speeds using a smartphone. Sensors, 16(9), 1423.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"7338_CR20","unstructured":"Ebner, F., Fetzer, T., Deinzer, F., K\u00f6ping, L., & Grzegorzek, M. (2015). Multi sensor 3D indoor localisation. In 2015 international conference on indoor positioning and indoor navigation (IPIN) (pp. 1\u201311). New York: IEEE."},{"key":"7338_CR21","unstructured":"Muralidharan, K., Khan, A. J., Misra, A., Balan, R. K., & Agarwal, S. (2014). Barometric phone sensors: More hype than hope! In Proceedings of the 15th workshop on mobile computing systems and applications (p. 12). New York: ACM."},{"key":"7338_CR22","volume-title":"The mathematics of changing your mind","author":"JA Paulos","year":"2011","unstructured":"Paulos, J. A. (2011). The mathematics of changing your mind. New York: New York Times (US)."},{"key":"7338_CR23","volume-title":"Methods of statistics","author":"K Bhuyan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bhuyan, K. (2001). Methods of statistics. Dhaka: Sahitya Prokashani."},{"issue":"10","key":"7338_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.4169\/000298909X477014","volume":"116","author":"B Palais","year":"2009","unstructured":"Palais, B., Palais, R., & Rodi, S. (2009). A disorienting look at Euler\u2019s theorem on the axis of a rotation. The American Mathematical Monthly, 116(10), 892\u2013909.","journal-title":"The American Mathematical Monthly"},{"key":"7338_CR25","unstructured":"Petovello, M., Mezentsev, O., Lachapelle, G., Cannon, M. (2003). High sensitivity GPS velocity updates for personal indoor navigation using inertial navigation systems. In Institute of navigation GPS conference (pp. 9\u201312). New York: CiteseerX."},{"key":"7338_CR26","unstructured":"Xue, L., Yuan, W., Chang, H., & Jiang, C. (2009). MEMS-based multi-sensor integrated attitude estimation technology for MAV applications. In 2009. NEMS 2009. 4th IEEE international conference on Nano\/micro engineered and molecular systems (pp. 1031\u20131035). New York: IEEE."},{"key":"7338_CR27","unstructured":"Li, B., Harvey, B., & Gallagher, T. (2013). Using barometers to determine the height for indoor positioning. In 2013 international conference on indoor positioning and indoor navigation (IPIN) (pp. 1\u20137). New York: IEEE."},{"key":"7338_CR28","unstructured":"Github. (2014). B. p. s. b. datasheet, Bosch."}],"container-title":["Wireless Personal Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-020-07338-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11277-020-07338-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-020-07338-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T00:19:11Z","timestamp":1619569151000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11277-020-07338-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["7338"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-020-07338-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-6212","1572-834X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0929-6212","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-834X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 April 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}