{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T19:59:57Z","timestamp":1772481597567,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wireless Pers Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-021-08814-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T18:21:11Z","timestamp":1632162071000},"page":"2145-2158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Enhanced Wideband Spectrum Sensing Algorithm for Analysis of GSM Band"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2016-2755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheetal D.","family":"Borde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kalyani R.","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"8814_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1109\/98.788210","volume":"6","author":"J Mitola","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mitola, J., & Maguire, G. (1999). Cognitive radio: Making software radios more personal. IEEE Personal Communication, 6(4), 13\u201318.","journal-title":"IEEE Personal Communication"},{"issue":"1","key":"8814_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2009.090109","volume":"11","author":"T Yucek","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yucek, T., & Arslan, H. (2009). A survey of spectrum sensing algorithms for cognitive radio applications. IEEE Communication Survey Tutorials, 11(1), 116\u2013130.","journal-title":"IEEE Communication Survey Tutorials"},{"key":"8814_CR3","unstructured":"F. Weidling, D. Datla, V. Petty, P. Krishnan, and G. J. Minden. (2005). A framework for RF spectrum measurements and analysis. In Proceedings IEEE International Symposium New Frontiers Dynamics Spectrum Access Network, Baltimore, MD, USA, pp. 573\u2013576. https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/1542672."},{"issue":"8","key":"8814_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4158","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2009.2021601","volume":"58","author":"D Datla","year":"2009","unstructured":"Datla, D., Wyglinski, A., & Minden, G. (2009). A spectrum surveying framework for dynamic spectrum access networks. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 58(8), 4158\u20134168.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"8814_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2004.839380","volume":"23","author":"S Haykin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Haykin, S. (2005). Cognitive radio: Brain-empowered wireless communications. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas Commununication, 23(2), 201\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSAC.2004.839380","journal-title":"IEEE Journal of Selected Areas Commununication"},{"issue":"11","key":"8814_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2013.05.003","volume":"67","author":"B Yilmaz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yilmaz, B., & Erk\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, S. (2013). Detection of interdependent primary systems using wideband cognitive radios. AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 67(11), 926\u2013936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aeue.2013.05.003","journal-title":"AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications"},{"key":"8814_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-011-0483-4","volume":"68","author":"S Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang, S., Dong, X., Bao, Z., et al. (2011). Adaptive spectrum sensing algorithm in cognitive ultra-wideband systems. Wireless Personal Communications, 68, 789. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-011-0483-4","journal-title":"Wireless Personal Communications"},{"key":"8814_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. D. Borde, K. R. Joshi. (2011). Signal processing techniques for spectrum opportunities and interference detection in Cognitive Radio networks. In proceedings of IET International Communication Conference on Wireless Mobile and Computing (CCWMC 2011), pp. 241\u2013246. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1049\/cp.2011.0883https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/6194840.","DOI":"10.1049\/cp.2011.0883"},{"key":"8814_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-015-2668-8","volume":"84","author":"L Pan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pan, L., Xiao, S., & Yuan, X. (2015). Wideband power spectrum sensing for cognitive radios based on sub-nyquist sampling. Wireless Personal Communications, 84, 919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-015-2668-8","journal-title":"Wireless Personal Communications"},{"issue":"4","key":"8814_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2015.12.017","volume":"70","author":"T JaewooSo","year":"2016","unstructured":"JaewooSo, T. (2016). Limited reporting-based cooperative spectrum sensing for multiband cognitive radio networks. AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 70(4), 386\u2013397.","journal-title":"AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications"},{"issue":"5","key":"8814_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2007.911490","volume":"56","author":"B Farhang-Boroujeny","year":"2008","unstructured":"Farhang-Boroujeny, B. (2008). Filter bank spectrum sensing for cognitive radios. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 56(5), 1801\u20131811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSP.2007.911490","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing"},{"issue":"3","key":"8814_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2008.2008540","volume":"57","author":"Z Quan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Quan, Z., Cui, S., Sayed, A., & Poor, H. (2009). Optimal multiband joint detection for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 57(3), 1128\u20131140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSP.2008.2008540","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing"},{"key":"8814_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-017-4210-7","volume":"96","author":"S Narieda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Narieda, S., & Hada, T. (2017). Signal cyclostationarity detection based spectrum sensing using simple diversity combining technique and its implementation. Wireless Personal Communications, 96, 909. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-017-4210-7","journal-title":"Wireless Personal Communications"},{"key":"8814_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2017.01.012","volume":"73","author":"H Qing","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qing, H., Li, H., Chu, N., Liu, G., & Liu, Y. (2017). Multistage Wiener filter aided MDL approach for wideband spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks. AEU \u2013 International Journal of Electronics and Communication., 73, 165\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aeue.2017.01.012","journal-title":"AEU \u2013 International Journal of Electronics and Communication."},{"issue":"12","key":"8814_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2016.09.013","volume":"70","author":"X Ren","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ren, X., & Chen, C. (2016). Spectrum sensing algorithm based on sample variance in multiantenna cognitive radio systems. AEU International Journal of Electronics and Communication, 70(12), 1601\u20131609. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aeue.2016.09.013","journal-title":"AEU International Journal of Electronics and Communication"},{"issue":"12","key":"8814_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6710","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2015.2458320","volume":"14","author":"A Mariani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mariani, A., Giorgetti, A., & Chiani, M. (2015). Wideband spectrum sensing by model order selection. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 14(12), 6710\u20136721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TWC.2015.2458320","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications"},{"key":"8814_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phycom.2016.05.002","volume":"20","author":"F Salahdine","year":"2016","unstructured":"Salahdine, F., Kaabouch, N., & El Ghazi, H. (2016). A survey on compressive sensing techniques for cognitive radio networks. Physical Communication, 20, 61\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phycom.2016.05.002","journal-title":"Physical Communication"},{"issue":"3","key":"8814_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2016.2524443","volume":"18","author":"SK Sharma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sharma, S. K., Lagunas, E., Chatzinotas, S., & Ottersten, B. (2016). Application of compressive sensing in cognitive radio communications: A survey. IEEE Communication Survey Tutorials, 18(3), 1838\u20131860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/COMST.2016.2524443","journal-title":"IEEE Communication Survey Tutorials"},{"key":"8814_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3947","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-017-4360-7","volume":"96","author":"H Hosseini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hosseini, H., Anpalagan, A., & Raahemifar, K. (2017). Compressed spectrum sensing for wavelet based cognitive heterogeneous network over multipath fading. Wireless Personal Communications, 96, 3947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-017-4360-7","journal-title":"Wireless Personal Communications"},{"key":"8814_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Blaschke V, Renk T, Jondral FK. (2008). A cognitive radio receiver supporting wide-band sensing. In: IEEE international conference on communications; pp. 499\u2013503 doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICCW.2008.100.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCW.2008.100"},{"key":"8814_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lekomtcev D, Marsalek R. (2016). Spectrum sensing under transmitter front-end constraints. In: International conference on systems, signals and image processing (IWSSIP) IEEE; pp. 1\u20134. Doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IWSSIP.2016.7502758.","DOI":"10.1109\/IWSSIP.2016.7502758"},{"key":"8814_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tian Z, Giannakis GB. (2006). A wavelet approach to wideband spectrum sensing for cognitive radios. In: 1st International conference on cognitive radio oriented wireless networks and communications (CROWNCOM 2006); pp. 1\u20135. Doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CROWNCOM.2006.363459.","DOI":"10.1109\/CROWNCOM.2006.363459"},{"issue":"9","key":"8814_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2013.081313.131468","volume":"17","author":"N Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang, N., Gao, Y., & Zhang, X. (2013). Adaptive spectrum sensing algorithm under different primary user utilizations. IEEE Communications Letters, 17(9), 1838\u20131841.","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Letters"},{"issue":"1","key":"8814_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2010.11.100654","volume":"15","author":"D Joshi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Joshi, D., Popescu, D., & Dobre, O. (2011). Gradient-based threshold adaptation for energy detector in cognitive radio systems. IEEE Communications Letters, 15(1), 19\u201321.","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Letters"},{"key":"8814_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Vartiainen, H. Saarnisaari, J. Lehtomaki, and M. Juntti (2006). A Blind signal localization and SNR estimation method. In Proc. Mil. Commun. Conf., Washington, DC, USA, pp. 1\u20137. https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/4086730.","DOI":"10.1109\/MILCOM.2006.302007"},{"issue":"3","key":"8814_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2005.843466","volume":"53","author":"H Saarnisaari","year":"2005","unstructured":"Saarnisaari, H., Henttu, P., & Juntti, M. (2005). Iterative multidimensional impulse detectors for communications based on the classical diagnostic methods. IEEE Transactions on Commununication, 53(3), 395\u2013398.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Commununication"},{"issue":"2","key":"8814_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2013.6507397","volume":"20","author":"H Sun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sun, H., Nallanathan, A., Wang, C., & Chen, Y. (2013). Wideband spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks: A survey. IEEE Wireless Communications, 20(2), 74\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MWC.2013.6507397","journal-title":"IEEE Wireless Communications"},{"key":"8814_CR28","unstructured":"D. B. Pandarkar, S.D. Borde, K. R. Joshi. (2017). Wideband Spectrum Analysis of GSM Band Using NIUSRP 2920. In International Journal of Current Engineering and Scientific Research (IJCESR), 4(7). http:\/\/troindia.in\/journal\/ijcesr\/vol4iss7\/6=9.pdf"}],"container-title":["Wireless Personal Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-021-08814-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11277-021-08814-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-021-08814-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T12:25:32Z","timestamp":1637324732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11277-021-08814-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8814"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-021-08814-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-6212","1572-834X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0929-6212","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-834X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 August 2021","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 September 2021","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All the data and results related to the presented research work is available with authors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Data availability"}},{"value":"The LabVIEW based code of the proposed algorithm in the paper is developed by authors and is available with them.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}}]}}