{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T17:36:30Z","timestamp":1770917790165,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641340800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wireless Pers Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-021-09151-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T00:10:46Z","timestamp":1641341446000},"page":"655-669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Classification of Cardiac Signals with Automated R-Peak Detection Using Wavelet Transform Method"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Shivani","family":"Saxena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ritu","family":"Vijay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Saxena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pallavi","family":"Pahadiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"9151_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-18237-2_10","volume-title":"Advanced topics in computational partial differential equations","author":"J Sundnes","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sundnes, J., Lines, G. T., Gr\u00f8ttum, P., & Tveito, A. (2003). Electrical activity in the human heart. Advanced topics in computational partial differential equations (pp. 401\u2013449). Springer."},{"key":"9151_CR2","first-page":"1998","volume":"38","author":"Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation","year":"1998","unstructured":"Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. (1998). Testing and reporting performance results of cardiac rhythm and ST segment measurement algorithms. ANSI\/AAMI EC, 38, 1998.","journal-title":"ANSI\/AAMI EC"},{"key":"9151_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcbee.2013.08.016","volume":"7","author":"H Chu Duc","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chu Duc, H., NguyenPhan, K., & NguyenViet, D. (2013). A review of heart rate variability and its applications. APCBEE Procedia, 7, 80\u201385.","journal-title":"APCBEE Procedia"},{"key":"9151_CR4","first-page":"145","volume-title":"EMBEC & NBC 2017","author":"J Pietil\u00e4","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pietil\u00e4, J., Mehrang, S., Tolonen, J., Helander, E., Jimison, H., Pavel, M., & Korhonen, I. (2017). Evaluation of the accuracy and reliability for photoplethysmography based heart rate and beat-to-beat detection during daily activities. EMBEC & NBC 2017 (pp. 145\u2013148). Springer."},{"key":"9151_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valenti, G., &Westerterp, K. R. (2013). Optical heart rate monitoring module validation study. In\u00a02013 IEEE international conference on consumer electronics (ICCE) (pp. 195\u2013196). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCE.2013.6486856"},{"key":"9151_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2015.12.008","volume":"127","author":"EJDS Luz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Luz, E. J. D. S., Schwartz, W. R., C\u00e1mara-Ch\u00e1vez, G., & Menotti, D. (2016). ECG-based heartbeat classification for arrhythmia detection: A survey. Computer methods and programs in biomedicine, 127, 144\u2013164.","journal-title":"Computer methods and programs in biomedicine"},{"key":"9151_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tadi, M. J., Lehtonen, E., Saraste, A., Tuominen, J., Koskinen, J., Ter\u00e4s, M., ... & Koivisto, T. (2017). Gyrocardiography: A new non-invasive monitoring method for the assessment of cardiac mechanics and the estimation of hemodynamic variables. Scientific reports, 7(1), 1\u201311.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07248-y"},{"issue":"10","key":"9151_CR8","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"PT Rao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rao, P. T., Rao, S. K., Manikanta, G., & Kumar, S. R. (2016). Distinguishing normal and abnormal ECG signal. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(10), 1\u20135.","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Science and Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"9151_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1504\/IJIEI.2017.087944","volume":"5","author":"EH Houssein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Houssein, E. H., Kilany, M., & Hassanien, A. E. (2017). ECG signals classification: A review. International Journal of Intelligent Engineering Informatics, 5(4), 376\u2013396.","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Engineering Informatics"},{"issue":"2","key":"9151_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.74.2.617","volume":"74","author":"VERA Novak","year":"1993","unstructured":"Novak, V. E. R. A., Novak, P. E. T. E. R., de Champlain, J. A. C. Q. U. E. S., Le Blanc, A. R., Martin, R., & Nadeau, R. (1993). Influence of respiration on heart rate and blood pressure fluctuations. Journal of Applied Physiology, 74(2), 617\u2013626.","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology"},{"key":"9151_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2018.03.003","volume":"43","author":"SK Berkaya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Berkaya, S. K., Uysal, A. K., Gunal, E. S., Ergin, S., Gunal, S., & Gulmezoglu, M. B. (2018). A survey on ECG analysis. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 43, 216\u2013235.","journal-title":"Biomedical Signal Processing and Control"},{"key":"9151_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1109\/RBME.2018.2810957","volume":"11","author":"U Satija","year":"2018","unstructured":"Satija, U., Ramkumar, B., & Manikandan, M. S. (2018). A review of signal processing techniques for electrocardiogram signal quality assessment. IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, 11, 36\u201352.","journal-title":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering"},{"key":"9151_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feh\u00e9r, \u00c1. (2017). Denoising ECG signals by applying discrete wavelet transform. In\u00a02017 International conference on optimization of electrical and electronic equipment (OPTIM) & 2017 intl aegean conference on electrical machines and power electronics (ACEMP) (pp. 863\u2013868). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/OPTIM.2017.7975078"},{"issue":"7","key":"9151_CR14","first-page":"895","volume":"11","author":"M Hamiane","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamiane, M., & Ali, M. H. (2017). Wavelet-based ECG signal analysis and classification. International Journal of Computer and Information Engineering, 11(7), 895\u2013909.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer and Information Engineering"},{"key":"9151_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2014.08.048","volume":"37","author":"M AlMahamdy","year":"2014","unstructured":"AlMahamdy, M., & Riley, H. B. (2014). Performance study of different denoising methods for ECG signals. Procedia Computer Science, 37, 325\u2013332.","journal-title":"Procedia Computer Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"9151_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-011-0065-3","volume":"2","author":"P Kathirvel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kathirvel, P., Manikandan, M. S., Prasanna, S. R. M., & Soman, K. P. (2011). An efficient R-peak detection based on new nonlinear transformation and first-order Gaussian differentiator. Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology, 2(4), 408\u2013425.","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology"},{"key":"9151_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chanwimalueang, T., von Rosenberg, W., & Mandic, D. P. (2015). Enabling R-peak detection in wearable ECG: Combining matched filtering and Hilbert transform. In\u00a02015 ieee international conference on digital signal processing (DSP)\u00a0(pp. 134\u2013138). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDSP.2015.7251845"},{"key":"9151_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arteaga-Falconi, J., Al Osman, H., & El Saddik, A. (2015). R-peak detection algorithm based on differentiation. In\u00a02015 IEEE 9th international symposium on intelligent signal processing (WISP) proceedings\u00a0(pp. 1\u20134). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/WISP.2015.7139157"},{"key":"9151_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5980541","volume":"5980541","author":"Q Qin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qin, Q., Li, J., Yue, Y., & Liu, C. (2017). An adaptive and time-efficient ECG R-peak detection algorithm. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 5980541, 1\u201315.","journal-title":"Journal of Healthcare Engineering"},{"key":"9151_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khriji, L., & Al-Busaidi, A. M. (2018, March). New adaptive thresholding-based ECG R-peak detection technique. In\u00a02018 IEEE 4th Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering (MECBME)\u00a0(pp. 147\u2013152). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/MECBME.2018.8402423"},{"issue":"3","key":"9151_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.3906\/elk-1604-84","volume":"25","author":"H Kaur","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kaur, H., & Rajni, R. (2017). Electrocardiogram signal analysis for R-peak detection and denoising with hybrid linearization and principal component analysis. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, 25(3), 2163\u20132175.","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"9151_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s12046-016-0485-8","volume":"41","author":"M Rakshit","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rakshit, M., Panigrahy, D., & Sahu, P. K. (2016). An improved method for R-peak detection by using Shannon energy envelope. S\u0101dhan\u0101, 41(5), 469\u2013477.","journal-title":"S\u0101dhan\u0101"},{"key":"9151_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, J. S., Lee, S. W., & Park, U. (2017). R peak detection method using wavelet transform and modified shannon energy envelope.\u00a0Journal of healthcare engineering, 1\u201314.","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4901017"},{"issue":"6","key":"9151_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ihj.2015.07.017","volume":"67","author":"AA John","year":"2015","unstructured":"John, A. A., Subramanian, A. P., Jaganathan, S. K., & Sethuraman, B. (2015). Evaluation of cardiac signals using discrete wavelet transform with MATLAB graphical user interface. Indian Heart Journal, 67(6), 549\u2013551.","journal-title":"Indian Heart Journal"},{"issue":"35","key":"9151_CR25","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"M D\u2019Aloia","year":"2019","unstructured":"D\u2019Aloia, M., Longo, A., & Rizzi, M. (2019). Noisy ECG signal analysis for automatic peak detection. Information, 10(35), 1\u201312.","journal-title":"Information"},{"key":"9151_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gul, M. U., Kadir, K., Azman, H. K., & Iqbal, S. (2019). Detection of r-peaks using single-scale wavelet transform. In\u00a02019 13th international conference on mathematics, actuarial science, computer science and statistics (MACS)\u00a0(pp. 1\u20135). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/MACS48846.2019.9024782"},{"issue":"5","key":"9151_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R155","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/26\/5\/R01","volume":"26","author":"PS Addison","year":"2005","unstructured":"Addison, P. S. (2005). Wavelet transforms and the ECG: A review. Physiological Measurement, 26(5), R155.","journal-title":"Physiological Measurement"},{"issue":"2","key":"9151_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2008.05.014","volume":"23","author":"ZK Peng","year":"2009","unstructured":"Peng, Z. K., Jackson, M. R., Rongong, J. A., Chu, F. L., & Parkin, R. M. (2009). On the energy leakage of discrete wavelet transform. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 23(2), 330\u2013343.","journal-title":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing"},{"key":"9151_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saxena, S., & Vijay, R. (2019). Optimal selection of wavelet transform for de-noising of ECG signal on the basis of statistical parameters. In\u00a0international conference on soft computing and signal processing\u00a0(pp. 731\u2013739). Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-2475-2_67"},{"issue":"8","key":"9151_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.7439\/ijbar.v4i8.417","volume":"4","author":"H Nagendra","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nagendra, H., Mukherjee, S., & Kumar, V. (2013). Wavelet based nonlinear thresholding techniques for pre-processing ECG signals. International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research, 4(8), 534\u2013544.","journal-title":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research"},{"key":"9151_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jing-Yi, L., Hong, L., Dong, Y., & Yan-Sheng, Z. (2016). A new wavelet threshold function and denoising application.\u00a0Mathematical Problems in Engineering,\u00a01\u20138.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3195492"},{"key":"9151_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Donoho, D. L., & Johnstone, I. M. (1994) Threshold selection for wavelet shrinkage of noisy data. In\u00a0Proceedings of 16th annual international conference of the IEEE engineering in medicine and biology society, (Vol. 1, pp. 24\u201325). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.1994.412133"},{"key":"9151_CR33","unstructured":"The MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database [online] http:\/\/www.physionet.org\/cgi-bin\/atm\/ATM. Accessed on 10 January 2020."},{"issue":"12","key":"9151_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e67","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000558","volume":"137","author":"EJ Benjamin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Benjamin, E. J., Virani, S. S., Callaway, C. W., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., & Muntner, P. (2018). Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142018 update: A report from the American heart association. Circulation, 137(12), e67\u2013e492.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"9151_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Using MATLAB Wavelet tool box (2013) Wavelet 1D GUI, Math Works version.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/489261"}],"container-title":["Wireless Personal Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-021-09151-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11277-021-09151-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-021-09151-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T18:24:44Z","timestamp":1726424684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11277-021-09151-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["9151"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-021-09151-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-6212","1572-834X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0929-6212","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-834X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 September 2021","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study did not have funding from any agency. There is no conflict of interest for any of the authors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}