{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T18:07:11Z","timestamp":1775671631269,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688601600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wireless Pers Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-023-10553-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T11:02:35Z","timestamp":1688641355000},"page":"2539-2572","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Systematic Review of the IEEE-802.11 Standard\u2019s Enhancements and Limitations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3732-823X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imran Ali","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sohail","family":"Asghar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"10553_CR1","unstructured":"IEEE 802.11\u00a0Working Group et al. (1999). Supplement to IEEE standard for information technology telecommunications and information exchange between systems\u2013local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements\u2013part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications: High-speed physical layer in the 5\u00a0GHz band. IEEE STD."},{"key":"10553_CR2","unstructured":"LAN\/MAN standards Committee et al. (1997). Information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems\u2013local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements: Part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications. IEEE Std. IEEE."},{"key":"10553_CR3","unstructured":"Enabling new applications of WLAN technology: WLAN sensing\u2014IEEE SA. Retrieved August 20, 2021, from https:\/\/beyondstandards.ieee.org\/ieee-802-11bf-aims-to-enable-a-new-application-of-wlan-technology-wlan-sensing\/."},{"key":"10553_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2016). IEEE standard for information technology-telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks-specific requirements\u2014part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications. IEEE Std 802.11-2016 (Revision of IEEE Std 802.11-2012) (pp. 1\u20133534). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2016.7786995.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2016.7786995"},{"key":"10553_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2021) IEEE standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements\u2014part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications. IEEE Std 802.11-2020 (Revision of IEEE Std 802.11-2016) (pp. 1\u20134379). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2021.9363693.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2021.9363693"},{"key":"10553_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, D. (2017). A survey of IEEE 802.11 protocols: Comparison and prospective. In 2017 5th international conference on mechatronics, materials, chemistry and computer engineering (ICMMCCE 2017). Atlantis Press.","DOI":"10.2991\/icmmcce-17.2017.106"},{"key":"10553_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2021.103036","volume":"182","author":"L Tian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tian, L., Santi, S., Seferagi\u0107, A., Lan, J., & Famaey, J. (2021). Wi-fi halow for the internet of things: An up-to-date survey on IEEE 802.11 ah research. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 182, 103036.","journal-title":"Journal of Network and Computer Applications"},{"key":"10553_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-019-02242-w","volume":"26","author":"M Dibaei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dibaei, M., & Ghaffari, A. (2020). Full-duplex medium access control protocols in wireless networks: A survey. Wireless Networks, 26, 1\u201319.","journal-title":"Wireless Networks"},{"issue":"2","key":"10553_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4191","DOI":"10.1002\/dac.4191","volume":"33","author":"H Mishra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mishra, H., Gupta, R., & Upadhyay, S. K. (2020). Systematic review of congestion handling techniques for 802.11 wireless networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 33(2), e4191.","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"10553_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1007\/s11036-019-01277-9","volume":"24","author":"Q Qu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qu, Q., Li, B., Yang, M., Yan, Z., Yang, A., Deng, D. J., & Chen, K. C. (2019). Survey and performance evaluation of the upcoming next generation WLANs standard-IEEE 802.11 ax. Mobile Networks and Applications, 24(5), 1461\u20131474.","journal-title":"Mobile Networks and Applications"},{"issue":"1","key":"10553_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3390\/fi11010016","volume":"11","author":"L Oliveira","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oliveira, L., Rodrigues, J. J., Kozlov, S. A., Rab\u00ealo, R. A., & de Albuquerque, V. H. C. (2019). Mac layer protocols for internet of things: A survey. Future Internet, 11(1), 16.","journal-title":"Future Internet"},{"key":"10553_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27690","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2840541","volume":"6","author":"HI Zawia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zawia, H. I., Hassan, R., & Dahnil, D. P. (2018). A survey of medium access mechanisms for providing robust audio video streaming in IEEE 802.11 aa standard. IEEE Access, 6, 27690\u201327705.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"4","key":"10553_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2017.2745052","volume":"19","author":"R Karmakar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karmakar, R., Chattopadhyay, S., & Chakraborty, S. (2017). Impact of IEEE 802.11 n\/ac PHY\/MAC high throughput enhancements on transport and application protocols\u2014A survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 19(4), 2050\u20132091.","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials"},{"issue":"11","key":"10553_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.15623\/ijret.2017.0611008","volume":"6","author":"VR Gannapathy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gannapathy, V. R., Chuan, L. K., Subramaniam, S. K., Zakaria, Z., & Suaidi, M. K. (2017). A survey of contention based medium access control (MAC) protocols in wireless LAN. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology (IJRET), 6(11), 39\u201345.","journal-title":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology (IJRET)"},{"key":"10553_CR15","first-page":"26","volume":"17","author":"RBM Abdelrahman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdelrahman, R. B. M., Mustafa, A. B. A., & Osman, A. A. (2015). A comparison between IEEE 802.11 a, b, g, n and ac standards. IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, 17, 26\u201329.","journal-title":"IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering"},{"key":"10553_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2014.08.008","volume":"58","author":"E Khorov","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khorov, E., Lyakhov, A., Krotov, A., & Guschin, A. (2015). An enabling networking technology for smart cities. A survey on IEEE 802.11 ah. Computer Communications, 58, 53\u201369.","journal-title":"Computer Communications"},{"issue":"4","key":"10553_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2013.013013.00084","volume":"15","author":"E Charfi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Charfi, E., Chaari, L., & Kamoun, L. (2013). PHY\/MAC enhancements and QOS mechanisms for very high throughput WLANs: A survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 15(4), 1714\u20131735.","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials"},{"issue":"2","key":"10553_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1007\/s13369-022-06701-z","volume":"48","author":"KA Bhatti","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bhatti, K. A., & Asghar, S. (2023). Progressive fuzzy pso-pid congestion control algorithm for wsns. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 48(2), 1157\u20131172.","journal-title":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering"},{"key":"10553_CR19","first-page":"15","volume":"1","author":"L Miao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Miao, L., Djouani, K., van Wyk, B. J., & Hamam, Y. (2011). A survey of IEEE 802.11 p mac protocol. Multidisciplinary Journals in Science and Technology, Journal of Selected Areas in Telecommunications (JSAT), 1, 15\u201330.","journal-title":"Multidisciplinary Journals in Science and Technology, Journal of Selected Areas in Telecommunications (JSAT)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10553_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-021-02572-8","volume":"27","author":"IA Qureshi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qureshi, I. A., & Asghar, S. (2021). A genetic fuzzy contention window optimization approach for ieee 802.11 wlans. Wireless Networks, 27(4), 2323\u20132336.","journal-title":"Wireless Networks"},{"issue":"1","key":"10553_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2010.5394032","volume":"48","author":"GR Hiertz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hiertz, G. R., Denteneer, D., Stibor, L., Zang, Y., Costa, X. P., & Walke, B. (2010). The IEEE 802.11 universe. IEEE Communications Magazine, 48(1), 62\u201370.","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Magazine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10553_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1109\/MITP.2004.62","volume":"6","author":"W Stallings","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stallings, W. (2004). IEEE 802.11: Wireless LANs from a to n. IT Professional, 6(5), 32\u201337.","journal-title":"IT Professional"},{"issue":"4","key":"10553_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2004.1325887","volume":"11","author":"H Zhu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhu, H., Li, M., Chlamtac, I., & Prabhakaran, B. (2004). A survey of quality of service in IEEE 802.11 networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 11(4), 6\u201314.","journal-title":"IEEE Wireless Communications"},{"key":"10553_CR24","unstructured":"Drabu, Y. (1999). A survey of QoS techniques in 802.11. Internet\u2019Online, pp. 0001\u201303."},{"key":"10553_CR25","unstructured":"Official IEEE 802.11 working group project timelines\u20142020-02-04. Retrieved April 05, 2020 from http:\/\/grouper.ieee.org\/groups\/802\/11\/Reports\/802.11_Timelines.htm."},{"key":"10553_CR26","unstructured":"IEEE (1999). IEEE standard for telecommunications and information exchange between systems\u2014LAN\/MAN specific requirements\u2014Part 11: Wireless medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications: High speed physical layer in the 5 GHz band. IEEE Std 802.11a-1999 (pp. 1\u2013102)."},{"key":"10553_CR27","unstructured":"IEEE (2001). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014telecommunications and information exchange between systems\u2014local and metropolitan networks\u2014specific requirements\u2014part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications: Higher speed physical layer (PHY) extension in the 2.4 GHz band\u2014corrigendum 1. IEEE Std 802.11b-1999\/Cor 1-2001 (pp. 1\u201324)"},{"key":"10553_CR28","unstructured":"IEEE 802.11 Working Group et al. (2001). Information technology telecommunications and information exchange between systems-local and metropolitan area networks-specific requirement. Part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications. ANSI\/IEEE Std. 802.11 b-1999\/Cor 1-2001 (p. 7) ."},{"key":"10553_CR29","unstructured":"IEEE (1998). 802.11c-1998\u2014IEEE standard for information technology-telecommunications and information exchange between systems-local area networks-media access control (MAC) bridges-supplement for support by IEEE 802.11."},{"key":"10553_CR30","unstructured":"IEEE (2001). IEEE standard for information technology\u2013local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements\u2013part 11: Wireless medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 3: Specification for operation in additional regulatory domains. IEEE Std 802.11d-2001 (pp. 1\u201341)."},{"key":"10553_CR31","unstructured":"IEEE (2003). IEEE trial-use recommended practice for multi-vendor access point interoperability via an inter-access point protocol across distribution systems supporting IEEE 802.11 operation. IEEE Std 802.11F-2003 (pp. 1\u201367)."},{"key":"10553_CR32","unstructured":"IEEE (2003). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements\u2014part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications: Further higher data rate extension in the 2.4 GHz band. IEEE Std 802.11g-2003 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edn. (Reaff 2003) as amended by IEEE Stds 802.11a-1999, 802.11b-1999, 802.11b-1999\/Cor 1-2001, and 802.11d-2001) (pp. 1\u2013104)."},{"key":"10553_CR33","unstructured":"IEEE (2003). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements\u2014part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications\u2014spectrum and transmit power management extensions in the 5 GHz band in Europe. IEEE Std 802.11h-2003 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edn. (Reaff 2003)) (pp. 1\u201375)."},{"key":"10553_CR34","unstructured":"IEEE (2004). IEEE standard for information technology-telecommunications and information exchange between systems-local and metropolitan area networks-specific requirements-part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications: Amendment 6: Medium access control (MAC) security enhancements. IEEE Std 802.11i-2004 (pp. 1\u2013190)."},{"key":"10553_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2004). IEEE standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems-local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements\u2013part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications\u2013amendment 7:4.9 GHz-5 GHz operation in Japan. IEEE Std 802.11j-2004 (pp. 1\u201355). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2004.95388.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2004.95388"},{"key":"10553_CR36","unstructured":"IEEE (2005). IEEE standard for information technology\u2013local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements\u2013part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications\u2014amendment 8: Medium access control (MAC) quality of service enhancements. IEEE Std 802.11e-2005 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition (Reaff 2003) (pp. 1\u2013212)."},{"key":"10553_CR37","unstructured":"IEEE Computer Society LAN\/MAN\u00a0Standards Committee et al. (2007). IEEE standard for information technology-telecommunications and information exchange between systems-local and metropolitan area networks-specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications. IEEE Std 802.11 ."},{"key":"10553_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2008). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements\u2014part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 1: Radio resource measurement of wireless LANs. IEEE Std 802.11k-2008 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2007) (pp. 1\u2013244). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2008.4544755.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2008.4544755"},{"key":"10553_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2008). IEEE standard for information technology\u2013local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements\u2013part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 2: Fast basic service set (BSS) transition. IEEE Std 802.11r-2008 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2007 as amended by IEEE Std 802.11k-2008) (pp. 1\u2013126). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2008.4573292.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2008.4573292"},{"key":"10553_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2008). IEEE standard for information technology\u2013local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements\u2013part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 3: 3650-3700 MHz operation in USA. IEEE STD 802-11y-2008 (pp. 1\u201390). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2008.4669928.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2008.4669928"},{"key":"10553_CR41","unstructured":"IEEE 802 LAN\/MAN\u00a0Standards Committee et al. (2009). IEEE standard for information technology-telecommunication and information exchange between systems-local and metropolitan area networks-specific requirements part11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment1: Radio resource measurement of wireless LANs. http:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/getieee802\/download\/802.11n-2009.pdf."},{"key":"10553_CR42","unstructured":"IEEE (2009). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014telecommunications and information exchange between systems\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements. Part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 4: Protected management frames. IEEE Std 802.11w-2009 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2007 as amended by IEEE Std 802.11k-2008, IEEE Std 802.11r-2008, and IEEE Std 802.11y-2008) (pp. 1\u2013111)."},{"key":"10553_CR43","unstructured":"IEEE Standards Association et al. (2010). 802.11 p-2010-IEEE standard for information technology\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements\u2014part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 6: Wireless access in vehicular environments. http:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/findstds\/standard\/802.11p-2010.html."},{"key":"10553_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2010). IEEE standard for information technology\u2013local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements\u2013part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 7: Extensions to direct-link setup (DLS). IEEE Std 802.11z-2010 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2007 as amended by IEEE Std 802.11k-2008, IEEE Std 802.11r-2008, IEEE Std 802.11y-2008, IEEE Std 802.11w-2009, IEEE Std 802.11n-2009, and IEEE Std 802.11p-2010) (pp. 1\u201396). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2010.5605400.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2010.5605400"},{"key":"10553_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2011). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements\u2014part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 8: IEEE 802.11 wireless network management. IEEE Std 802.11v-2011 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2007 as amended by IEEE Std 802.11k-2008, IEEE Std 802.11r-2008, IEEE Std 802.11y-2008, IEEE Std 802.11w-2009, IEEE Std 802.11n-2009, IEEE Std 802.11p-2010, and IEEE Std 802.11z-2010) (pp. 1\u2013433). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2011.5716530.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2011.5716530"},{"key":"10553_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2011). IEEE standard for information technology-telecommunications and information exchange between systems-local and metropolitan networks-specific requirements-part ii: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications: Amendment 9: Interworking with external networks. Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2007 as amended by IEEE Std 802.11k-2008, IEEE Std 802.11r-2008, IEEE Std 802.11y-2008, IEEE Std 802.11w-2009, IEEE Std 802.11n-2009, IEEE Std 802.11p-2010, IEEE Std 802.11z-2010, and IEEE Std 802.11v-2011 (pp. 1\u2013208). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2011.5721908.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2011.5721908"},{"key":"10553_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2011). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014telecommunications and information exchange between systems\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 10: Mesh networking. IEEE Std 802.11s-2011 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2007 as amended by IEEE 802.11k-2008, IEEE 802.11r-2008, IEEE 802.11y-2008, IEEE 802.11w-2009, IEEE 802.11n-2009, IEEE 802.11p-2010, IEEE 802.11z-2010, IEEE 802.11v-2011, and IEEE 802.11u-2011) (pp. 1\u2013372). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2011.6018236.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2011.6018236"},{"key":"10553_CR48","unstructured":"IEEE Standards Association et al. (2012). IEEE computer society: part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications, IEEE std 802.11$$^{hbox{TM}}$$, the institute of electrical and electronics engineers."},{"issue":"8","key":"10553_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2014.2306014","volume":"63","author":"A Banchs","year":"2014","unstructured":"Banchs, A., de la Oliva, A., Eznarriaga, L., Kowalski, D. R., & Serrano, P. (2014). Performance analysis and algorithm selection for reliable multicast in IEEE 802.11aa wireless LAN. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 63(8), 3875\u20133891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TVT.2014.2306014","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology"},{"key":"10553_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2012). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014telecommunications and information exchange between systems\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 1: Prioritization of management frames. IEEE Std 802.11ae-2012 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2012) (pp. 1\u201352). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2012.6179268.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2012.6179268"},{"key":"10553_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2012). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014telecommunications and information exchange between systems\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements-part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 3: Enhancements for very high throughput in the 60 GHz band. IEEE Std 802.11ad-2012 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2012, as amended by IEEE Std 802.11ae-2012 and IEEE Std 802.11aa-2012) (pp. 1\u2013628). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2012.6392842.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2012.6392842"},{"key":"10553_CR52","unstructured":"IEEE\u00a0Standards Association et al. (2013). IEEE computer society:\" part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications; amendment 4: Enhancements for very high throughput for operation in bands below 6 GHz\", IEEE std 802.11 ac$$^{hbox{TM}}$$, the institute of electrical and electronics engineers."},{"key":"10553_CR53","first-page":"69","volume":"54","author":"J-J Deslise","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deslise, J.-J. (2015). What\u2019s the difference between IEEE 802.11 af and 802.11 ah. Microwaves and RF, 54, 69\u201372.","journal-title":"Microwaves and RF"},{"key":"10553_CR54","unstructured":"Wireless Local Area Network Working Group et al. (2013). 802.11 af-2013: Part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 5: Television white spaces (TVWS) operation. IEEE, Active Standard."},{"key":"10553_CR55","unstructured":"IEEE (2016). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014telecommunications and information exchange between systems\u2014local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 1: Fast initial link setup. IEEE Std 802.11ai-2016 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2016) (pp. 1\u2013164)."},{"issue":"11","key":"10553_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2614","DOI":"10.3390\/s19112614","volume":"19","author":"S Santi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Santi, S., Tian, L., Khorov, E., & Famaey, J. (2019). Accurate energy modeling and characterization of IEEE 802.11 ah raw and twt. Sensors, 19(11), 2614.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"10553_CR57","unstructured":"IEEE (2017). IEEE standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems-local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements-part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 2: Sub 1 GHz license exempt operation. IEEE Std 802.11ah-2016 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2016, as amended by IEEE Std 802.11ai-2016) (pp. 1\u2013594)."},{"key":"10553_CR58","unstructured":"IEEE (2018). IEEE standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 3: Enhancements for very high throughput to support Chinese millimeter wave frequency bands (60 GHz and 45 GHz). IEEE Std 802.11aj-2018 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2016 as amended by IEEE Std 802.11ai-2016 and IEEE Std 802.11ah-2016) (pp. 1\u2013306)."},{"key":"10553_CR59","unstructured":"IEEE (2018). IEEE standard for information technology-telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks-specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 4: Enhancements for transit links within bridged networks. IEEE Std 802.11ak-2018 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11(TM)-2016 as amended by IEEE Std 802.11ai(TM)-2016, IEEE Std 802.11ah(TM)-2016, and IEEE Std 802.11aj(TM)-2018) (pp. 1\u201397)."},{"key":"10553_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2018). IEEE standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area network\u2013specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 5: Preassociation discovery. IEEE Std 802.11aq-2018 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2016 as amended by IEEE Std 802.11ai-2016, IEEE Std 802.11ah-2016, IEEE Std 802.11aj-2018, and IEEE Std 802.11ak-2018) (pp. 1\u201369). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2018.8457463.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2018.8457463"},{"key":"10553_CR61","unstructured":"IEEE (2018). IEEE draft standard for information technology\u2014telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment enhancements for high efficiency WLAN. IEEE P802.11ax\/D3.0, June 2018 (pp. 1\u2013682)."},{"key":"10553_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhatti, K.A., Asghar, S., & Naz, S. (2023). Multi-objective fuzzy krill herd congestion control algorithm for WSN. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 1\u201329.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-15200-8"},{"issue":"4","key":"10553_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.3390\/su10041201","volume":"10","author":"R Ali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ali, R., Shahin, N., Bajracharya, R., Kim, B. S., & Kim, S. W. (2018). A self-scrutinized backoff mechanism for IEEE 802.11 ax in 5g unlicensed networks. Sustainability, 10(4), 1201.","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10553_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2021). IEEE standard for information technology\u2014telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 1: Enhancements for high-efficiency WLAN. IEEE Std 802.11ax-2021 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2020) (pp. 1\u2013767). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2021.9442429.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2021.9442429"},{"key":"10553_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"IEEE (2021). IEEE standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 2: Enhanced throughput for operation in license-exempt bands above 45 GHz. IEEE Std 802.11ay-2021 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2020 as amendment by IEEE Std 802.11ax-2021) (pp. 1\u2013768). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEEESTD.2021.9502046.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEESTD.2021.9502046"},{"key":"10553_CR66","unstructured":"IEEE (2021). IEEE draft standard for information technology-telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks-specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (mac) and physical layer (PHY) specifications-amendment 3: Enhancements for positioning. IEEE P802.11az\/D3.0, January 2021 (pp. 1\u2013269)."},{"key":"10553_CR67","unstructured":"IEEE (2021). IEEE approved draft standard for information technology\u2014telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks\u2014specific requirements part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment 3: Wake-up radio operation. IEEE P802.11ba\/D8.0, December 2020 (pp. 1\u2013189)."},{"key":"10553_CR68","unstructured":"P802.11bb-standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements-part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment: Light communications. Retrieved August 13, 2021, from https:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/project\/802_11bb.html."},{"key":"10553_CR69","unstructured":"P802.11bc-standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements-part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment: Enhanced broadcast service. Retrieved August 20, 2021, from https:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/project\/802_11bc.html."},{"key":"10553_CR70","unstructured":"P802.11bd-standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements-part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment: Enhancements for next generation v2x. Retrieved August 20, 2021, from https:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/project\/802_11bd.html."},{"key":"10553_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88664","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2993448","volume":"8","author":"E Khorov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khorov, E., Levitsky, I., & Akyildiz, I. F. (2020). Current status and directions of IEEE 802.11 be, the future wi-fi 7. IEEE Access, 8, 88664\u201388688.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10553_CR72","first-page":"1","volume":"53","author":"IA Qureshi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qureshi, I. A., Asghar, S., & Noor, M. A. (2022). Fucwo: A novel fuzzy-based approach of contention window optimization for IEEE-802.15. 6 WBANs. Applied Intelligence, 53, 1\u201317.","journal-title":"Applied Intelligence"},{"issue":"9","key":"10553_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.1900338","volume":"57","author":"D Lopez-Perez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lopez-Perez, D., Garcia-Rodriguez, A., Galati-Giordano, L., Kasslin, M., & Doppler, K. (2019). IEEE 802.11be extremely high throughput: The next generation of wi-fi technology beyond 802.11ax. IEEE Communications Magazine, 57(9), 113\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MCOM.001.1900338","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Magazine"},{"key":"10553_CR74","unstructured":"Restuccia, F. (2021). IEEE 802.11 bf: Toward ubiquitous wi-fi sensing. Preprint arXiv:2103.14918"},{"key":"10553_CR75","unstructured":"P802.11bh-standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements-part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment: Operation with randomized and changing mac addresses. Retrieved August 20, 2021, from https:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/project\/802_11bh.html."},{"key":"10553_CR76","unstructured":"P802.11bi-standard for information technology\u2013telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks\u2013specific requirements-part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications amendment: Enhanced service with data privacy protection. Retrieved August 20, 2021, from https:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/project\/802_11bi.html."},{"key":"10553_CR77","unstructured":"Radio spectrum\u2014wikipedia. Retrieved August 20, 2021, from https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radio_spectrum."},{"key":"10553_CR78","unstructured":"[getting to know wi-fi 02] 2.4 ghz wi-fi and 5 ghz wi-fi-fixed network info community-huawei connect. Retrieved August 20, 2021, from https:\/\/forum.huawei.com\/carrier\/en\/forum.php?mod=viewthread &tid=447181."},{"key":"10553_CR79","unstructured":"Pakistan table of frequency allocations. Retrieved August 20, 2021, from https:\/\/www.pta.gov.pk\/media\/Pakistan_Table_of_Frequency_Allocations.pdf."}],"container-title":["Wireless Personal Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-023-10553-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11277-023-10553-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11277-023-10553-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T15:32:11Z","timestamp":1690817531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11277-023-10553-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10553"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-023-10553-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-6212","1572-834X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0929-6212","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-834X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 June 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}}]}}