{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T19:10:14Z","timestamp":1769195414465,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]],"date-time":"2014-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Biol Eng Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-014-1227-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T18:22:08Z","timestamp":1417458128000},"page":"227-240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Synthesis of optimal electrical stimulation patterns for functional motion restoration: applied to spinal cord-injured patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Mourad","family":"Benoussaad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Poignet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mitsuhiro","family":"Hayashibe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Azevedo-Coste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Fattal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David","family":"Guiraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"1227_CR1","unstructured":"Benoussaad M, Poignet P, Guiraud D (2007) Optimal patterns synthesis approach for knee motion under functional electrical stimulation. In: 12th Annual Conference of the International FES Society, Philadelphia, PA, USA"},{"key":"1227_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benoussaad M, Poignet P, Guiraud D (2008) Optimal functional electrical stimulation patterns synthesis for knee joint control. In: Intelligent robots and systems, 2008. IROS 2008. IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Nice, pp 2386\u20132391. doi: 10.1109\/IROS.2008.4651112","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2008.4651112"},{"key":"1227_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-013-1032-y","volume":"51","author":"M Benoussaad","year":"2013","unstructured":"Benoussaad M, Poignet P, Hayashibe M, Azevedo-Coste C, Fattal C, Guiraud D (2013) Experimental parameter identification of a multi-scale musculoskeletal model controlled by electrical stimulation: application to patients with spinal cord injury. Med Biol Eng Comput 51:617\u201331. doi: 10.1007\/s11517-013-1032-y","journal-title":"Med Biol Eng Comput"},{"key":"1227_CR4","unstructured":"Chae J, Kilgore K, Triolo R, Creasey G, DiMarco A (2004) Functional neuromuscular stimulation. In: DeLisa J, Gans D (eds) Rehabilitation medicine: principles and practice, 4th edn. J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, pp 1405\u20131425"},{"key":"1227_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1109\/86.559344","volume":"5","author":"GC Chang","year":"1997","unstructured":"Chang GC, Luh JJ, Liao GD, Lai JS, Cheng CK, Kuo BL, Kuo TS (1997) A Neuro-control system for the knee joint position control with quadriceps stimulation. IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 5:2\u201311","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1109\/5.9661","volume":"76","author":"H Chizeck","year":"1988","unstructured":"Chizeck H, Kobetic R, Marsolais EB, Abbas JJ, Donner IH, Simon E (1988) Control of functional neuromuscular stimulation systems for standing and locomotion in paraplegics. Proc IEEE 76:1155\u20131165","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"key":"1227_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1109\/10.650346","volume":"45","author":"B Dariush","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dariush B, Parnianpour M, Hemami H (1998) Stability and a control strategy of a multilink musculoskeletal model with applications in FES. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 45:3\u201314","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-011-0445-7","volume":"105","author":"H Makssoud El","year":"2011","unstructured":"El Makssoud H, Guiraud D, Poignet P, Hayashibe M, Wieber PB, Yoshida K, Azevedo-Coste C (2011) Multiscale modeling of skeletal muscle properties and experimental validations in isometric conditions. Biol Cybern 105:121\u2013138. doi: 10.1007\/s00422-011-0445-7","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"},{"key":"1227_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1109\/7333.948452","volume":"9","author":"M Ferrarin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ferrarin M, Palazzo F, Riener R, Quintern J (2001) Model-based control of FES-induced single joint movements. IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 9:245\u2013257","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1109\/86.279264","volume":"1","author":"DHM Franken","year":"1993","unstructured":"Franken DHM, Veltink PPH, Tijsmans IR, Nijmeijer DH, Boom PHBK (1993) Identification of passive knee joint and shank dynamics in paraplegics using quadriceps stimulation. IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 1:154\u2013164","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/3\/4\/003","volume":"3","author":"D Guiraud","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guiraud D, Stieglitz T, Koch KP, Divoux JL, Rabischong P (2006) An implantable neuroprosthesis for standing and walking in paraplegia: 5-year patient follow-up. J Neural Eng 3:268\u2013275","journal-title":"J Neural Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00337136","volume":"157","author":"H Hatze","year":"1978","unstructured":"Hatze H (1978) A general myocybernetic control model of skeletal muscle. Biol Cybern 157:143\u2013157","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"},{"key":"1227_CR13","volume-title":"Myocybernetic control models of skeletal muscle","author":"H Hatze","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hatze H (1981) Myocybernetic control models of skeletal muscle. University of South Africa, South Africa"},{"key":"1227_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(90)90304-L","volume":"23","author":"D Hawkins","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hawkins D, Hull M (1990) A method for determining lower extremity muscle-tendon lengths during flexion\/extension movements. J Biomech 23:487\u2013494","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"1227_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1938.0050","volume":"126","author":"AV Hill","year":"1938","unstructured":"Hill AV (1938) The heat of shortening and the dynamic constants of muscle. R Soc Lond Proc Ser B 126:136\u2013195","journal-title":"R Soc Lond Proc Ser B"},{"key":"1227_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.1984.1103644","volume":"29","author":"N Hogan","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hogan N (1984) Adaptive control of mechanical impedance by coactivation of antagonist muscles. IEEE Trans Automat Contr 29:681\u2013690","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Automat Contr"},{"key":"1227_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0096-4174(18)30128-8","volume":"7","author":"AF Huxley","year":"1957","unstructured":"Huxley AF (1957) Muscle structure and theories of contraction. Prog Biophys Biophys Chem 7:255\u2013318","journal-title":"Prog Biophys Biophys Chem"},{"key":"1227_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khalil W, Dombre E (2004) Trajectory generation. In: Khalil W, Dombre E (eds) Modeling, identification and control of robots. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, pp 313\u2013345","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-190399666-9\/50013-0"},{"key":"1227_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1109\/86.313148","volume":"2","author":"R Kobetic","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kobetic R, Marsolais B (1994) Synthesis of paraplegic gait with multichannel functional neuromuscular stimulation. IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 2:66\u201379","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-5425(90)90136-B","volume":"12","author":"M Levy","year":"1990","unstructured":"Levy M, Mizrahi J, Susak Z (1990) Recruitment, force and fatigue characteristics of quadriceps muscles of paraplegics isometrically activated by surface functional electrical stimulation. J Biomed Eng 12:150\u2013156. doi: 10.1016\/0141-5425(90)90136-B","journal-title":"J Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1109\/10.83611","volume":"38","author":"DC Lin","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lin DC, Rymer WZ (1991) A quantitative analysis of pendular motion of the lower leg in spastic human subjects. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 38:906\u2013918. doi: 10.1109\/10.83611","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1109\/10.35298","volume":"36","author":"D McNeal","year":"1989","unstructured":"McNeal D, Nakai R, Meadows P, Tu W (1989) Open-loop control of the freely-swinging paralyzed leg. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 36:895\u2013905","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Migliore SA, Brown EA, DeWeerth SP (2005) Biologically inspired joint stiffness control. In: Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE international conference on robotics and automation, pp 4508\u20134513. doi: 10.1109\/ROBOT.2005.1570814","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.2005.1570814"},{"key":"1227_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1109\/86.750554","volume":"7","author":"D Popovi\u0107","year":"1999","unstructured":"Popovi\u0107 D, Stein RB, Oguzt\u00f6reli MN, Lebiedowska M, Joni\u0107 S (1999) Optimal control of walking with functional electrical stimulation: a computer simulation study. IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 7:69\u201379","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1109\/86.681177","volume":"6","author":"R Riener","year":"1998","unstructured":"Riener R, Fuhr T (1998) Patient-driven control of FES-supported standing up: a simulation study. IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 6:113\u2013124","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR26","first-page":"95","volume":"12","author":"R Riener","year":"1996","unstructured":"Riener R, Quintern J, Psaier E, Schmidt G (1996) Physiological based multi-input model of muscle activation. Neuroprosthetics 12:95\u2013114","journal-title":"Neuroprosthetics"},{"key":"1227_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1109\/86.536776","volume":"4","author":"RB Stein","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stein RB, Zehr EP, Lebiedowska MK, Popovi\u0107 DB, Scheiner A, Chizeck HJ (1996) Estimating mechanical parameters of leg segments in individuals with and without physical disabilities. IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 4:201\u2013211","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1109\/10.126609","volume":"39","author":"PH Veltink","year":"1992","unstructured":"Veltink PH, Chizeck HJ, Crago PE, El-Bialy A (1992) Nonlinear joint angle control for artificially stimulated muscle. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 39:368\u2013380. doi: 10.1109\/10.126609","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1227_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-9030-5_5","volume-title":"Chapter 5 Multiple muscle systems: biomechanics and movement organization","author":"JM Winters","year":"1990","unstructured":"Winters JM (1990) Hill-based muscle models: a systems engineering perspective. In: Winters JM, Woo SY (eds) Chapter 5 Multiple muscle systems: biomechanics and movement organization, New York: Springer, pp 69\u201393"},{"key":"1227_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1109\/10.594903","volume":"44","author":"BH Zhou","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zhou BH, Katz SR, Baratta RV, Solomonow M, D\u2019Ambrosia RD (1997) Evaluation of antagonist coactivation strategies elicited from electrically stimulated muscles under load-moving conditions. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 44:620\u2013633","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"}],"container-title":["Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11517-014-1227-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11517-014-1227-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11517-014-1227-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,18]],"date-time":"2019-08-18T00:57:26Z","timestamp":1566089846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11517-014-1227-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["1227"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11517-014-1227-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-0118","1741-0444"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-0118","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-0444","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]]}}}