{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T15:31:51Z","timestamp":1766158311044},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]],"date-time":"2019-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555286400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Biol Eng Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-019-01975-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]],"date-time":"2019-04-15T05:02:54Z","timestamp":1555304574000},"page":"1553-1566","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Effect of carotid image-based phenotypes on cardiovascular risk calculator: AECRS1.0"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Narendra N.","family":"Khanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ankush D.","family":"Jamthikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deep","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Araki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Piga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Saba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Carcassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Nicolaides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Laird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harman S.","family":"Suri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Mavrogeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Protogerou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petros","family":"Sfikakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George D.","family":"Kitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jasjit S.","family":"Suri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1975_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.01.015","volume":"38","author":"UR Acharya","year":"2012","unstructured":"Acharya UR, Sree SV, Krishnan MMR, Molinari F, Saba L, Ho SYS, Ahuja AT, Ho SC, Nicolaides A, Suri JS (2012) Atherosclerotic risk stratification strategy for carotid arteries using texture-based features. Ultrasound Med Biol 38:899\u2013915","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"1975_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.676155","volume":"44","author":"S Alsulaimani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alsulaimani S, Gardener H, Elkind MS, Cheung K, Sacco RL, Rundek T (2013) Elevated homocysteine and carotid plaque area and densitometry in the Northern Manhattan Study. Stroke 44:457\u2013461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/strokeaha.112.676155","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1975_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2012.11.032","volume":"29","author":"TJ Anderson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anderson TJ, Gr\u00e9goire J, Hegele RA, Couture P, Mancini GJ, McPherson R, Francis GA, Poirier P, Lau DC, Grover S (2013) 2012 update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in the adult. Can J Cardiol 29:151\u2013167","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"1975_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.23736\/S0392-9590.17.03811-1","volume":"36","author":"H Baradaran","year":"2017","unstructured":"Baradaran H, Ng CR, Gupta A, Noor NM, Al-Dasuqi KW, Mtui EE, Rijal OM, Giannopoulos A, Nicolaides A, Laird JR (2017) Extracranial internal carotid artery calcium volume measurement using computer tomography. Int Angiol 36:445\u2013461","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"1975_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2018.05.014","volume":"98","author":"M Biswas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Biswas M, Kuppili V, Araki T, Edla DR, Godia EC, Saba L, Suri HS, Omerzu T, Laird JR, Khanna NN, Nicolaides A, Suri JS (2018) Deep learning strategy for accurate carotid intima-media thickness measurement: an ultrasound study on Japanese diabetic cohort. Comput Biol Med 98:100\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2018.05.014","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"1975_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.5.1432","volume":"96","author":"ML Bots","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bots ML, Hoes AW, Koudstaal PJ, Hofman A, Grobbee DE (1997) Common carotid intima-media thickness and risk of stroke and myocardial infarction: the Rotterdam Study. Circulation 96:1432\u20131437","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1975_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009302","volume":"146","author":"LE Chambless","year":"1997","unstructured":"Chambless LE, Heiss G, Folsom AR, Rosamond W, Szklo M, Sharrett AR, Clegg LX (1997) Association of coronary heart disease incidence with carotid arterial wall thickness and major risk factors: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 1987\u20131993. Am J Epidemiol 146:483\u2013494","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"1975_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010233","volume":"151","author":"LE Chambless","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chambless LE, Folsom AR, Clegg LX, Sharrett AR, Shahar E, Nieto FJ, Rosamond WD, Evans G (2000) Carotid wall thickness is predictive of incident clinical stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Am J Epidemiol 151:478\u2013487","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"1975_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-668X(03)00114-3","volume":"24","author":"R Conroy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Conroy R, Py\u00f6r\u00e4l\u00e4 K, Fitzgerald AE, Sans S, Menotti A, De Backer G, De Bacquer D, Ducimetiere P, Jousilahti P, Keil U (2003) Estimation of ten-year risk of fatal cardiovascular disease in Europe: the SCORE project. Eur Heart J 24:987\u20131003","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1975_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2018.08.008","volume":"101","author":"E Cuadrado-Godia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cuadrado-Godia E, Maniruzzaman M, Araki T, Puvvula A, Rahman MJ, Saba L, Suri HS, Gupta A, Banchhor SK, Teji JS (2018) Morphologic TPA (mTPA) and composite risk score for moderate carotid atherosclerotic plaque is strongly associated with HbA1c in diabetes cohort. Comput Biol Med 101:128\u2013145","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"1975_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cuadrado-Godia E, Srivastava SK, Saba L, Araki T, Suri HS, Giannopolulos A, Omerzu T, Laird J, Khanna NN, Mavrogeni S, Kitas GD, Nicolaides A, Suri JS (2018) Geometric total plaque area is an equally powerful phenotype compared with carotid intima-media thickness for stroke risk assessment: a deep learning approach. J Vasc Ultrasound 1544316718806421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1544316718806421","DOI":"10.1177\/1544316718806421"},{"key":"1975_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cuadrado-Godia E, Jamthikar AD, Gupta D, et al (2019) Ranking of stroke and cardiovascular risk factors for an optimal risk calculator design. Logistic regression approach. Computers in biology and medicine. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2019.03.020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2019.03.020"},{"key":"1975_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579","volume":"117","author":"RB D\u2019Agostino","year":"2008","unstructured":"D\u2019Agostino RB, Vasan RS, Pencina MJ, Wolf PA, Cobain M, Massaro JM, Kannel WB (2008) General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 117:743\u2013753","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1975_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.9630","volume":"308","author":"HM Ruijter Den","year":"2012","unstructured":"Den Ruijter HM, Peters SA, Anderson TJ, Britton AR, Dekker JM, Eijkemans MJ, Engstrom G, Evans GW, de Graaf J, Grobbee DE, Hedblad B, Hofman A, Holewijn S, Ikeda A, Kavousi M, Kitagawa K, Kitamura A, Koffijberg H, Lonn EM, Lorenz MW, Mathiesen EB, Nijpels G, Okazaki S, O\u2019Leary DH, Polak JF, Price JF, Robertson C, Rembold CM, Rosvall M, Rundek T, Salonen JT, Sitzer M, Stehouwer CD, Witteman JC, Moons KG, Bots ML (2012) Common carotid intima-media thickness measurements in cardiovascular risk prediction: a meta-analysis. JAMA 308:796\u2013803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2012.9630","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1975_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.06.024","volume":"58","author":"J-Y Dong","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dong J-Y, Zhang Y-H, Qin L-Q (2011) Erectile dysfunction and risk of cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 58:1378\u20131385","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1975_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp15X685933","volume":"65","author":"M Duerden","year":"2015","unstructured":"Duerden M, O\u2019Flynn N, Qureshi N (2015) Cardiovascular risk assessment and lipid modification: NICE guideline. Br J Gen Pract 65:378\u2013380","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"1975_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A95","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2011-300867.282","volume":"97","author":"W Fan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fan W, Ping Y (2011) Association of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and glomerular filtration rate: a community-based study of 4925 adults in Beijing. Heart 97:A95","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"1975_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.11.005","volume":"63","author":"DC Goff","year":"2014","unstructured":"Goff DC, Lloyd-Jones DM, Bennett G, Coady S, D\u2019agostino RB, Gibbons R, Greenland P, Lackland DT, Levy D, O\u2019donnell CJ (2014) 2013 ACC\/AHA guideline on the assessment of cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 63:2935\u20132959","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1975_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-7-200910060-00010","volume":"151","author":"M Helfand","year":"2009","unstructured":"Helfand M, Buckley DI, Freeman M, Fu R, Rogers K, Fleming C, Humphrey LL (2009) Emerging risk factors for coronary heart disease: a summary of systematic reviews conducted for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 151:496\u2013507","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1975_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39609.449676.25","volume":"336","author":"J Hippisley-Cox","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C, Vinogradova Y, Robson J, Minhas R, Sheikh A, Brindle P (2008) Predicting cardiovascular risk in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QRISK2. BMJ 336:1475\u20131482","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1975_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C, Brindle P (2017) Development and validation of QRISK3 risk prediction algorithms to estimate future risk of cardiovascular disease: prospective cohort study. BMJ 357:1-12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.j2099","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2099"},{"key":"1975_CR22","first-page":"339","volume":"32","author":"N Ikeda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ikeda N, Saba L, Molinari F, Piga M, Meiburger K, Sugi K, Porcu M, Bocchiddi L, Acharya UR, Nakamura M, Nakano M, Nicolaides A, Suri JS (2013) Automated carotid intima-media thickness and its link for prediction of SYNTAX score in Japanese coronary artery disease patients. Int Angiol 32:339\u2013348","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"1975_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-013-0393-x","volume":"16","author":"N Ikeda","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ikeda N, Araki T, Sugi K, Nakamura M, Deidda M, Molinari F, Meiburger KM, Acharya UR, Saba L, Bassareo PP, Di Martino M, Nagashima Y, Mercuro G, Nakano M, Nicolaides A, Suri JS (2014) Ankle-brachial index and its link to automated carotid ultrasound measurement of intima-media thickness variability in 500 Japanese coronary artery disease patients. Curr Atheroscler Rep 16:393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11883-013-0393-x","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"key":"1975_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.487264","volume":"38","author":"SH Johnsen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Johnsen SH, Mathiesen EB, Joakimsen O, Stensland E, Wilsgaard T, L\u00f8chen M-L, Nj\u00f8lstad I, Arnesen E (2007) Carotid atherosclerosis is a stronger predictor of myocardial infarction in women than in men: a 6-year follow-up study of 6226 persons: the Troms\u00f8 Study. Stroke 38:2873\u20132880","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1975_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000020091.07144.C7","volume":"33","author":"V Kothari","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kothari V, Stevens RJ, Adler AI, Stratton IM, Manley SE, Neil HA, Holman RR (2002) UKPDS 60: risk of stroke in type 2 diabetes estimated by the UK Prospective Diabetes Study risk engine. Stroke 33:1776\u20131781","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1975_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-016-1601-y","volume":"55","author":"PK Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar PK, Araki T, Rajan J, Saba L, Lavra F, Ikeda N, Sharma AM, Shafique S, Nicolaides A, Laird JR (2017) Accurate lumen diameter measurement in curved vessels in carotid ultrasound: an iterative scale-space and spatial transformation approach. Med Biol Eng Comput 55:1415\u20131434","journal-title":"Med Biol Eng Comput"},{"key":"1975_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000196964.24024.ea","volume":"37","author":"MW Lorenz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lorenz MW, von Kegler S, Steinmetz H, Markus HS, Sitzer M (2006) Carotid intima-media thickening indicates a higher vascular risk across a wide age range: prospective data from the Carotid Atherosclerosis Progression Study (CAPS). Stroke 37:87\u201392","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1975_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60441-3","volume":"379","author":"MW Lorenz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lorenz MW, Polak JF, Kavousi M, Mathiesen EB, V\u00f6lzke H, Tuomainen T-P, Sander D, Plichart M, Catapano AL, Robertson CM (2012) Carotid intima-media thickness progression to predict cardiovascular events in the general population (the PROG-IMT collaborative project): a meta-analysis of individual participant data. Lancet 379:2053\u20132062","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1975_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4423","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-016-4296-4","volume":"26","author":"P Lucatelli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lucatelli P, Raz E, Saba L, Argiolas GM, Montisci R, Wintermark M, King KS, Molinari F, Ikeda N, Siotto P (2016) Relationship between leukoaraiosis, carotid intima-media thickness and intima-media thickness variability: preliminary results. Eur Radiol 26:4423\u20134431","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"1975_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.589754","volume":"42","author":"B Mathiesen Ellisiv","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mathiesen Ellisiv B, Johnsen Stein H, Wilsgaard T, B\u00f8naa Kaare H, L\u00f8chen M-L, Nj\u00f8lstad I (2011) Carotid plaque area and intima-media thickness in prediction of first-ever ischemic stroke. Stroke 42:972\u2013978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.589754","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1975_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2010.1522","volume":"57","author":"F Molinari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Molinari F, Zeng G, Suri JS (2010) Intima-media thickness: setting a standard for a completely automated method of ultrasound measurement. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 57:1112\u20131124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TUFFC.2010.1522","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control"},{"key":"1975_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2010.04.007","volume":"100","author":"F Molinari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Molinari F, Zeng G, Suri JS (2010) A state of the art review on intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement and wall segmentation techniques for carotid ultrasound. Comput Methods Prog Biomed 100:201\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmpb.2010.04.007","journal-title":"Comput Methods Prog Biomed"},{"key":"1975_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2012.31.7.1123","volume":"31","author":"F Molinari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Molinari F, Meiburger KM, Saba L, Zeng G, Acharya UR, Ledda M, Nicolaides A, Suri JS (2012) Fully automated dual-snake formulation for carotid intima-media thickness measurement: a new approach. J Ultrasound Med 31:1123\u20131136","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"1975_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3670373","volume":"39","author":"F Molinari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Molinari F, Meiburger KM, Zeng G, Acharya UR, Liboni W, Nicolaides A, Suri JS (2012) Carotid artery recognition system: a comparison of three automated paradigms for ultrasound images. Med Phys 39:378\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1118\/1.3670373","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"1975_CR35","first-page":"42","volume":"31","author":"F Molinari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Molinari F, Meiburger KM, Zeng G, Saba L, Rajendra Acharya U, Famiglietti L, Georgiou N, Nicolaides A, Sriswan Mamidi R, Kuper H, Suri JS (2012) Automated carotid IMT measurement and its validation in low contrast ultrasound database of 885 patient Indian population epidemiological study: results of AtheroEdge software. Int Angiol 31:42\u201353","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"1975_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2011.2169270","volume":"21","author":"F Molinari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Molinari F, Pattichis CS, Zeng G, Saba L, Acharya UR, Sanfilippo R, Nicolaides A, Suri JS (2012) Completely automated multiresolution edge snapper\u2014a new technique for an accurate carotid ultrasound IMT measurement: clinical validation and benchmarking on a multi-institutional database. IEEE Trans Image Process 21:1211\u20131222","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"1975_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.11.075","volume":"55","author":"V Nambi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nambi V, Chambless L, Folsom AR, He M, Hu Y, Mosley T, Volcik K, Boerwinkle E, Ballantyne CM (2010) Carotid intima-media thickness and presence or absence of plaque improves prediction of coronary heart disease risk: the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 55:1600\u20131607","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1975_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60834-3","volume":"376","author":"MJ O\u2019Donnell","year":"2010","unstructured":"O\u2019Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L, Zhang H, Chin SL, Rao-Melacini P, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Pais P, McQueen MJ (2010) Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet 376:112\u2013123","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1975_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq185","volume":"31","author":"DH O\u2019Leary","year":"2010","unstructured":"O\u2019Leary DH, Bots ML (2010) Imaging of atherosclerosis: carotid intima\u2013media thickness. Eur Heart J 31:1682\u20131689","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1975_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901073400103","volume":"340","author":"DH O\u2019Leary","year":"1999","unstructured":"O\u2019Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, Manolio TA, Burke GL, Wolfson SK Jr (1999) Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. N Engl J Med 340:14\u201322","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1975_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1012592","volume":"365","author":"JF Polak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Polak JF, Pencina MJ, Pencina KM, O\u2019Donnell CJ, Wolf PA, D\u2019Agostino RB Sr (2011) Carotid-wall intima-media thickness and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med 365:213\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1012592","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1975_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.6.611","volume":"297","author":"PM Ridker","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ridker PM, Buring JE, Rifai N, Cook NR (2007) Development and validation of improved algorithms for the assessment of global cardiovascular risk in women: the Reynolds Risk Score. Jama 297:611\u2013619","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"1975_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.814251","volume":"118","author":"PM Ridker","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ridker PM, Paynter NP, Rifai N, Gaziano JM, Cook NR (2008) C-reactive protein and parental history improve global cardiovascular risk prediction: the Reynolds Risk Score for men. Circulation 118:2243\u20132251","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1975_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2017.03.006","volume":"6","author":"M Romanens","year":"2017","unstructured":"Romanens M, Mortensen MB, Sudano I, Szucs T, Adams A (2017) Extensive carotid atherosclerosis and the diagnostic accuracy of coronary risk calculators. Prev Med Rep 6:182\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmedr.2017.03.006","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"1975_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17019-0","volume":"364","author":"A Rosengren","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rosengren A, Hawken S, \u00d4unpuu S, Sliwa K, Zubaid M, Almahmeed WA, Blackett KN, Sitthi-amorn C, Sato H, Yusuf S (2004) Association of psychosocial risk factors with risk of acute myocardial infarction in 11 119 cases and 13 648 controls from 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet 364:953\u2013962","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1975_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2005.01485.x","volume":"257","author":"M Rosvall","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rosvall M, Janzon L, Berglund G, Engstr\u00f6m G, Hedblad B (2005) Incident coronary events and case fatality in relation to common carotid intima-media thickness. J Intern Med 257:430\u2013437","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"1975_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2012.08.015","volume":"6","author":"T Rundek","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rundek T, Spence JD (2013) Ultrasonographic measure of carotid plaque burden. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 6:129","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1975_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2223-3652.2011.11.01","volume":"2","author":"L Saba","year":"2012","unstructured":"Saba L, Mallarini G, Sanfilippo R, Zeng G, Montisci R, Suri J (2012) Intima media thickness variability (IMTV) and its association with cerebrovascular events: a novel marker of carotid therosclerosis? Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2:10\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3978\/j.issn.2223-3652.2011.11.01","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"key":"1975_CR49","first-page":"483","volume":"31","author":"L Saba","year":"2012","unstructured":"Saba L, Molinari F, Meiburger KM, Piga M, Zeng G, Rajendra Achraya U, Nicolaides A, Suri JS (2012) What is the correct distance measurement metric when measuring carotid ultrasound intima-media thickness automatically? Int Angiol 31:483\u2013489","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"1975_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2011.02.047","volume":"81","author":"L Saba","year":"2012","unstructured":"Saba L, Montisci R, Molinari F, Tallapally N, Zeng G, Mallarini G, Suri JS (2012) Comparison between manual and automated analysis for the quantification of carotid wall by using sonography. A validation study with CT. Eur J Radiol 81:911\u2013918. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrad.2011.02.047","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"1975_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2016.06.010","volume":"75","author":"L Saba","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saba L, Banchhor SK, Suri HS, Londhe ND, Araki T, Ikeda N, Viskovic K, Shafique S, Laird JR, Gupta A (2016) Accurate cloud-based smart IMT measurement, its validation and stroke risk stratification in carotid ultrasound: a web-based point-of-care tool for multicenter clinical trial. Comput Biol Med 75:217\u2013234","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"1975_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-017-0745-0","volume":"41","author":"L Saba","year":"2017","unstructured":"Saba L, Jain PK, Suri HS, Ikeda N, Araki T, Singh BK, Nicolaides A, Shafique S, Gupta A, Laird JR (2017) Plaque tissue morphology-based stroke risk stratification using carotid ultrasound: a polling-based PCA learning paradigm. J Med Syst 41:98","journal-title":"J Med Syst"},{"key":"1975_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Saba L, Banchhor SK, Araki T, et al (2018) Intraand Inter-operator Reproducibility Analysis of Automated Cloud-based Carotid Intima Media Thickness Ultrasound Measurement. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research, 12(2):KC01-KC11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2018\/34311.11217","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2018\/34311.11217"},{"key":"1975_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ihj.2018.01.024","volume":"70","author":"L Saba","year":"2018","unstructured":"Saba L, Banchhor SK, Araki T, Viskovic K, Londhe ND, Laird JR, Suri HS, Suri JS (2018) Intra-and inter-operator reproducibility of automated cloud-based carotid lumen diameter ultrasound measurement. Indian Heart J 70:649\u2013664","journal-title":"Indian Heart J"},{"key":"1975_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.11.5.1245","volume":"11","author":"JT Salonen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Salonen JT, Salonen R (1991) Ultrasonographically assessed carotid morphology and the risk of coronary heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 11:1245\u20131249","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"1975_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seabra J, Sanches JM (2012) RF ultrasound estimation from b-mode images. In Ultrasound Imaging. Springer 3-24","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-1180-2_1"},{"key":"1975_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-015-0529-2","volume":"17","author":"AM Sharma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharma AM, Gupta A, Kumar PK, Rajan J, Saba L, Nobutaka I, Laird JR, Nicolades A, Suri JS (2015) A review on carotid ultrasound atherosclerotic tissue characterization and stroke risk stratification in machine learning framework. Curr Atheroscler Rep 17:55","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"key":"1975_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.017392","volume":"48","author":"JD Spence","year":"2017","unstructured":"Spence JD, Solo K (2017) Resistant atherosclerosis: the need for monitoring of plaque burden. Stroke 48:1624\u20131629","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1975_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2916","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000042207.16156.B9","volume":"33","author":"JD Spence","year":"2002","unstructured":"Spence JD, Eliasziw M, DiCicco M, Hackam DG, Galil R, Lohmann T (2002) Carotid plaque area: a tool for targeting and evaluating vascular preventive therapy. Stroke 33:2916\u20132922","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1975_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2007.11.011","volume":"21","author":"JH Stein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stein JH, Korcarz CE, Hurst RT, Lonn E, Kendall CB, Mohler ER, Najjar SS, Rembold CM, Post WS (2008) Use of carotid ultrasound to identify subclinical vascular disease and evaluate cardiovascular disease risk: a consensus statement from the American Society of Echocardiography Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Task Force endorsed by the Society for Vascular Medicine. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 21:93\u2013111","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"1975_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1042\/cs1010671","volume":"101","author":"RJ Stevens","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stevens RJ, Kothari V, Adler AI, Stratton IM, Holman RR (2001) The UKPDS risk engine: a model for the risk of coronary heart disease in type II diabetes (UKPDS 56). Clin Sci 101:671\u2013679","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"1975_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.11.002","volume":"63","author":"NJ Stone","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH, Merz CNB, Blum CB, Eckel RH, Goldberg AC, Gordon D, Levy D, Lloyd-Jones DM (2014) 2013 ACC\/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 63:2889\u20132934","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1975_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2017.12.005","volume":"269","author":"R Sturlaugsdottir","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sturlaugsdottir R, Aspelund T, Bjornsdottir G, Sigurdsson S, Thorsson B, Eiriksdottir G, Gudnason V (2018) Predictors of carotid plaque progression over a 4-year follow-up in the Reykjavik REFINE-study. Atherosclerosis 269:57\u201362","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"1975_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s100440050005","volume":"3","author":"JS Suri","year":"2000","unstructured":"Suri JS, Haralick RM, Sheehan FH (2000) Greedy algorithm for error correction in automatically produced boundaries from low contrast ventriculograms. Pattern Anal Applic 3:39\u201360","journal-title":"Pattern Anal Applic"},{"key":"1975_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-7-200910060-00008","volume":"151","author":"U.S. Preventive Services Task Force","year":"2009","unstructured":"U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2009) Using nontraditional risk factors in coronary heart disease risk assessment: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med 151:474\u2013482","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1975_CR66","unstructured":"WHO. Cardiovascular disease http:\/\/www.who.int\/cardiovascular_diseases\/en\/ . Accessed 1 Oct 2018"},{"key":"1975_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1273","volume":"30","author":"X Yang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yang X, So W-Y, Kong AP, Ho C-S, Lam CW, Stevens RJ, Lyu RR, Yin DD, Cockram CS, Tong PC (2007) Development and validation of stroke risk equation for Hong Kong Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: the Hong Kong Diabetes Registry. Diabetes Care 30:65\u201370","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1975_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S29284","volume":"8","author":"J Yayan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yayan J (2012) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate as a marker for coronary heart disease. Vasc Health Risk Manag 8:219","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"},{"key":"1975_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.016","volume":"62","author":"O Yousuf","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yousuf O, Mohanty BD, Martin SS, Joshi PH, Blaha MJ, Nasir K, Blumenthal RS, Budoff MJ (2013) High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 62:397\u2013408","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1975_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntv255","volume":"18","author":"S Zingg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zingg S, Collet T-H, Locatelli I, Nanchen D, Depairon M, Bovet P, Cornuz J, Rodondi N (2015) Associations between cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation, and progression of carotid atherosclerosis among smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 18:1533\u20131538","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"}],"container-title":["Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11517-019-01975-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11517-019-01975-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11517-019-01975-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T23:17:16Z","timestamp":1663283836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11517-019-01975-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["1975"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11517-019-01975-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-0118","1741-0444"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-0118","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-0444","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 November 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 March 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 April 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Dr. Jasjit Suri is affiliated to AtheroPoint\u2122, focused on the area of stroke and cardiovascular imaging.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}