{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T03:42:46Z","timestamp":1777866166168,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32201067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32201067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Biol Eng Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-026-03559-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T09:56:55Z","timestamp":1774864615000},"page":"1945-1954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of thickness and Young\u2019s modulus of lateral ankle ligaments on ankle joint stability: a finite element study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Yufei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaokai","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9809-0996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yifei","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"3559_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200737010-00006","volume":"37","author":"DTP Fong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fong DTP, Hong Y, Chan LK, Yung PSH, Chan KM (2007) A systematic review on ankle injury and ankle sprain in sports. Sports Med 37:73\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00007256-200737010-00006","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"3559_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2013.0303","volume":"43","author":"PA Gribble","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gribble PA, Delahunt E, Bleakley C, Caulfield B, Docherty CL, Fourchet F, Fong D, Hertel J, Hiller C, Kaminski TW, McKeon PO, Refshauge KM, van der Wees P, Vicenzino B, Wikstrom EA (2013) Selection criteria for patients with chronic ankle instability in controlled research: a position statement of the International Ankle Consortium. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 43:585\u2013591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.2013.0303","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"3559_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2252-7","volume":"21","author":"MPJ van den Bekerom","year":"2013","unstructured":"van den Bekerom MPJ, Kerkhoffs GMMJ, McCollum GA, Calder JDF, van Dijk CN (2013) Management of acute lateral ankle ligament injury in the athlete. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 21:1390\u20131395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-012-2252-7","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3559_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047-021-00480-w","volume":"14","author":"CI Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin CI, Houtenbos S, Lu YH, Mayer F, Wippert PM (2021) The epidemiology of chronic ankle instability with perceived ankle instability: a systematic review. J Foot Ankle Res 14:41. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13047-021-00480-w","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Res"},{"key":"3559_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01847-8","volume":"15","author":"M Wenning","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wenning M, Gehring D, Mauch M, Schmal H, Ritzmann R, Paul J (2020) Functional deficits in chronic mechanical ankle instability. J Orthop Surg Res 15:304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-020-01847-8","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"3559_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.5101\/nbe.v11i3.p290-296","volume":"11","author":"D Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang D, Cai P (2019) Finite element analysis of the expression of plantar pressure distribution in the injury of the lateral ligament of the ankle. Nano Biomed Eng 11:290\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5101\/nbe.v11i3.p290-296","journal-title":"Nano Biomed Eng"},{"key":"3559_CR7","first-page":"364","volume":"37","author":"J Hertel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hertel J (2002) Functional anatomy, pathomechanics, and pathophysiology of lateral ankle instability. J Athl Train 37:364\u2013375","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"3559_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465231217490","volume":"52","author":"S Kawabata","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kawabata S, Ozone K, Minegishi Y, Oka Y, Terada H, Takasu C, Kojima T, Kano T, Kanemura N, Murata K (2024) Chronic ankle joint instability induces ankle sensorimotor dysfunction: a controlled laboratory study. Am J Sports Med 52:739\u2013749. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03635465231217490","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3559_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-019-00420-2","volume":"24","author":"SM Stella","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stella SM, Ciampi B, Del Chiaro A, Vallone G, Miccoli M, Gulisano M, Orsitto E, Galletti S (2021) Sonographic visibility of the main posterior ankle ligaments and para-ligamentous structures in 15 healthy subjects. J Ultrasound 24:23\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40477-019-00420-2","journal-title":"J Ultrasound"},{"key":"3559_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-49.3.77","volume":"50","author":"K Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu K, Gustavsen G, Royer T, Wikstrom EA, Glutting J, Kaminski TW (2015) Increased ligament thickness in previously sprained ankles as measured by musculoskeletal ultrasound. J Athl Train 50:193\u2013198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4085\/1062-6050-49.3.77","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"3559_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.38.2000295","volume":"3","author":"T Kanamoto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kanamoto T, Shiozaki Y, Tanaka Y, Yonetani Y, Horibe S (2014) The use of MRI in pre-operative evaluation of anterior talofibular ligament in chronic ankle instability. Bone Joint Res 3:241\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2046-3758.38.2000295","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"key":"3559_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1177\/107110078800800502","volume":"8","author":"S Siegler","year":"1988","unstructured":"Siegler S, Block J, Schneck CD (1988) The mechanical characteristics of the collateral ligaments of the human ankle joint. Foot Ankle 8:234\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/107110078800800502","journal-title":"Foot Ankle"},{"key":"3559_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4334","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-21-203","volume":"11","author":"X Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen X, Wang L, Li X, Fu P, Xu M, Zou C, Li X, Dong Y (2021) Can virtual touch tissue imaging quantification be a reliable method to detect anterior talofibular ligament type I injury at the acute, subacute, and chronic stages? Quant Imaging Med Surg 11:4334\u20134341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/qims-21-203","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"3559_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2010.04.005","volume":"96","author":"Y Tourn\u00e9","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tourn\u00e9 Y, Besse JL, Mabit C (2010) Chronic ankle instability. Which tests to assess the lesions? Which therapeutic options? Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 96:433\u2013446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2010.04.005","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"3559_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1177\/107110078500600202","volume":"6","author":"DE Attarian","year":"1985","unstructured":"Attarian DE, McCrackin HJ, DeVito DP, McElhaney JH, Garrett WE (1985) Biomechanical characteristics of human ankle ligaments. Foot Ankle 6:54\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/107110078500600202","journal-title":"Foot Ankle"},{"key":"3559_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1115\/1.429623","volume":"122","author":"JR Funk","year":"2000","unstructured":"Funk JR, Hall GW, Crandall JR, Pilkey WD (2000) Linear and quasi-linear viscoelastic characterization of ankle ligaments. J Biomech Eng 122:15\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.429623","journal-title":"J Biomech Eng"},{"key":"3559_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-0954-6","volume":"17","author":"ZJ Zhu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhu ZJ, Zhu Y, Liu JF, Wang YP, Chen G, Xu XY (2016) Posterolateral ankle ligament injuries affect ankle stability: a finite element study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 17:96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-016-0954-6","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"3559_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19042367","volume":"19","author":"K Tsutsumi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tsutsumi K, Nakaya U, Koshino Y, Tateno M, Matsumoto K, Tanaka M, Yokoyama M, Horie T, Samukawa M, Kamishima T, Tohyama H (2022) Feasibility of an ultrasound-based method for measuring talar displacement during the anterior drawer stress test using a Telos device: a preliminary study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19:2367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19042367","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"3559_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-006-0112-1","volume":"28","author":"F Taser","year":"2006","unstructured":"Taser F, Shafiq Q, Ebraheim NA (2006) Anatomy of lateral ankle ligaments and their relationship to bony landmarks. Surg Radiol Anat 28:391\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00276-006-0112-1","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"3559_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-7580.2002.00050.x","volume":"200","author":"T Kumai","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kumai T, Takakura Y, Rufai A, Milz S, Benjamin M (2002) The functional anatomy of the human anterior talofibular ligament in relation to ankle sprains. J Anat 200:457\u2013465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1469-7580.2002.00050.x","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"3559_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1175347","volume":"11","author":"L Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng L, Yu L, Jia J, Gan Y, Ding A, Xiong P, Zhao Y, Yao Y (2023) The effect of thickness and elastic modulus of the anterior talofibular ligament on anterior ankle joint stiffness: a subject-specific finite element study. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 11:1175347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1175347","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"3559_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1218-6","volume":"14","author":"H Lohrer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lohrer H, Bonsignore G, Dorn-Lange N, Li L, Gollhofer A, Gehring D (2019) Stabilizing lateral ankle instability by suture tape \u2013 a cadaver study. J Orthop Surg Res 14:175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-019-1218-6","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"3559_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1080\/10255842.2023.2258251","volume":"27","author":"N Mercan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mercan N, Yurteri A, Dere Y (2024) Do lateral ankle ligaments contribute to syndesmotic stability? A finite element analysis study. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Eng 27:1768\u20131780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10255842.2023.2258251","journal-title":"Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Eng"},{"key":"3559_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007231192465","volume":"44","author":"J Filippi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Filippi J, Guti\u00e9rrez P, Quezada J, Massri-Pugin J, Bast\u00edas GF, Melo R, Vidal C, Silvestre R (2023) Role of lateral ankle ligaments in vertical stability of the fibula: a cadaveric model. Foot Ankle Int 44:10711007231192464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10711007231192465","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"3559_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2025.1556291","volume":"13","author":"S Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang S, Ruan Y, Wang K, Chang F, Chen B, Zhang N, Qian Z, Ren L, Ren L (2025) New insights into chronic ankle instability: an in vivo evaluation of three-dimensional motion and stability of the ankle joint complex. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 13:1556291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2025.1556291","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"3559_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-018-5252-4","volume":"28","author":"HY Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li HY, Li WL, Chen SY, Hua Y (2020) Increased ATFL\u2013PTFL angle could be an indirect MRI sign in diagnosis of chronic ATFL injury. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 28:208\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-018-5252-4","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3559_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03693-5","volume":"21","author":"X Can","year":"2020","unstructured":"Can X, Mingqing L, Chenggong W, Hua L (2020) Biomechanical comparison of tenodesis reconstruction for subtalar instability: a finite element analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 21:669. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-020-03693-5","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"3559_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007251352549","volume":"46","author":"O Saatvedt","year":"2025","unstructured":"Saatvedt O, Furunes H, Schubert PF, Fidje \u00d8, Molund M (2025) MRI evaluation of ligamentous injury in weightbearing-stable suprasyndesmotic ankle fractures: a prospective observational study. Foot Ankle Int 46:1131\u20131138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10711007251352549","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"3559_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.132251","author":"RC Manske","year":"2025","unstructured":"Manske RC, Wolfe C, Page P, Voight M (2025) Diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound in the evaluation of the deltoid ligament of the ankle. Int J Sports Phys Ther. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26603\/001c.132251","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"3559_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2024.104259","volume":"134","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Sun D, Wang M, Tafferner-Guly\u00e1s V, Chen H, B\u00edr\u00f3 I, Gu Y (2024) Effect of plantar fascia stiffness on plantar windlass mechanism and arch: finite element method and dual fluoroscopic imaging system verification. Med Eng Phys 134:104259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medengphy.2024.104259","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"}],"container-title":["Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11517-026-03559-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11517-026-03559-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11517-026-03559-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T08:09:43Z","timestamp":1777536583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11517-026-03559-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["3559"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11517-026-03559-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-0118","1741-0444"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-0118","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-0444","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}