{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:37:53Z","timestamp":1761896273477,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Real-Time Image Proc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11554-016-0584-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T14:27:51Z","timestamp":1459434471000},"page":"971-987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Real-time identification of pedestrian meeting and split events from surveillance videos using motion similarity and its applications"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Arun Kumar","family":"Chandran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loh Ai","family":"Poh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prahlad","family":"Vadakkepat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"584_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s11554-010-0183-4","volume":"6","author":"P Alfredo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alfredo, P., Marco, M., Ferone, A.: A real-time streaming server in the RTLinux environment using VideoLanClient. J Real Time Image Process 6, 247\u2013256 (2011)","journal-title":"J Real Time Image Process"},{"key":"584_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barros, J., French, J., Martin, W., Kelly, P., Cannon, M.: Using the triangle inequality to reduce the number of comparisons required for similarity-based retrieval. In: Proceedings of SPIE conf on storage and retrieval for image and video databases, 392\u2013403 (1996)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.234778"},{"issue":"18","key":"584_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2513","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03490180045013","volume":"268","author":"C Berry","year":"1992","unstructured":"Berry, C.: The kappa statistic. J Am Med Assoc 268(18), 2513\u20132514 (1992)","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"584_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bing-bing W., Zhi-xin C., Jia W., Liquan Z.: Pedestrian detection based on the combination of HOG and background subtraction method. In: Proceedings of Intl Conf on transportation, mechanical, and electrical engineering (TMEE), 527\u2013531 (2011)","DOI":"10.1109\/TMEE.2011.6199257"},{"issue":"6","key":"584_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1986.4767851","volume":"8","author":"J Canny","year":"1986","unstructured":"Canny, J.: A computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 8(6), 679\u2013698 (1986)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"584_CR6","unstructured":"CAVIAR research pedestrian data set. http:\/\/www-prima.inrialpes.fr\/PETS04\/caviar_data.html (2004). Accessed 4 Feb 2016"},{"key":"584_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandran A.K., Ai Poh L., Vadakkepat P.: Identifying social groups in pedestrian crowd videos. In: Proceedings of Intl Conf on advances in pattern recognition (ICAPR), 1\u20136 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAPR.2015.7050677"},{"key":"584_CR8","unstructured":"Chandran A.K.: Pedestrian-groups data sets. http:\/\/arunkumarchandran.net\/home-page\/data-sets (2016). Accessed 28 Mar 2016 (data set available after signing a declaration form)"},{"key":"584_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cupillard F., Bremond F., Thonnat M.: Tracking groups of people for video surveillance. In: Proceedings of European workshop on advanced video-based surveillance system, 89\u2013100 (2001)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0913-4_7"},{"key":"584_CR10","first-page":"886","volume":"1","author":"N Dalal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dalal, N., Triggs, B.: Histograms of oriented gradients for human detection. Proc IEEE Comput Soc Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit 1, 886\u2013893 (2005)","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Comput Soc Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"issue":"1","key":"584_CR11","first-page":"3763","volume":"2","author":"MWP David","year":"2007","unstructured":"David, M.W.P.: Evaluation: from precision, recall and F-factor to ROC. J Mach Learn Technol Inf Mark Correl 2(1), 3763 (2007)","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Technol Inf Mark Correl"},{"key":"584_CR12","unstructured":"ETH Research pedestrian data set. http:\/\/www.vision.ee.ethz.ch\/datasets\/index.en.html (2009). Accessed 4 Feb 2016"},{"key":"584_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s11554-007-0030-4","volume":"1","author":"P Forczmaski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Forczmaski, P., Kukharev, G.: Comparative analysis of simple facial features extractors. J Real Time Image Process 1, 239\u2013255 (2007)","journal-title":"J Real Time Image Process"},{"key":"584_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"French A., Naeem A., Dryden I., Pridmore T.: Using social effects to guide tracking in complex scenes. In: Proceedings of IEEE Conf. on advanced video and signal based surveillance, 212\u2013217 (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2007.4425312"},{"key":"584_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2009.01.004","volume":"27","author":"D Gatica-Perez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gatica-Perez, D.: Automatic nonverbal analysis of social interaction in small groups: a review. Image Vis Comput Spec Issue Hum Behav 27, 1775\u20131787 (2009)","journal-title":"Image Vis Comput Spec Issue Hum Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"584_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2011.176","volume":"34","author":"W Ge","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ge, W., Collins, R.T.: Vision-based analysis of small groups in pedestrian crowds. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 34(5), 1003\u20131016 (2012)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"584_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guler P., Emeksiz D., Temizel A., Teke M., Temizel TT.: Real-time multi-camera video analytics system on GPU. J Real Time Image Process, 1\u201316 (2013)","DOI":"10.1007\/s11554-013-0337-2"},{"key":"584_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1525\/aa.1963.65.5.02a00020","volume":"65","author":"ET Hall","year":"1963","unstructured":"Hall, E.T.: A system for the notation of proxemic behaviour. Am Anthropol 65, 1003\u20131026 (1963)","journal-title":"Am Anthropol"},{"key":"584_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haritaoglu I., Flickner M.: Detection and tracking of shopping groups in stores. In: Proceedings of IEEE conf. on computer vision and pattern recognition, 431\u2013438 (2001)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2001.990507"},{"key":"584_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoogs A., Bush S., Brooksby G., Perera A., Dausch M., Krahnstoever N.: Detecting semantic group activities using relational clustering. In: Proceedings of IEEE workshop on motion and video computing, 1\u20138 (2008)","DOI":"10.1109\/WMVC.2008.4544062"},{"key":"584_CR21","unstructured":"Information on people tracking using Kalman filters. http:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/vision\/examples\/people-tracking.html (2003). Accessed 4 Feb 2016"},{"key":"584_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s11554-012-0255-8","volume":"8","author":"I Ishii","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ishii, I., Ichida, T., Gu, Q., Takaki, T.: 500-fps face tracking system. J Real Time Image Process 8, 379\u2013388 (2013)","journal-title":"J Real Time Image Process"},{"key":"584_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s10044-007-0070-1","volume":"10","author":"J Jacques-Junior","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jacques-Junior, J., Braun, A., Soldera, J., Musse, S., Jung, C.: Understanding people motion in video sequences using Voronoi diagrams. J Pattern Anal Appl 10, 321\u2013332 (2007)","journal-title":"J Pattern Anal Appl"},{"key":"584_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/nav.3800020109","volume":"2","author":"HW Kuhn","year":"1955","unstructured":"Kuhn, H.W.: The Hungarian method for the assignment problem. Nav Res Logist Q 2, 83\u201397 (1955)","journal-title":"Nav Res Logist Q"},{"issue":"1","key":"584_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-009-0036-0","volume":"2","author":"B Lau","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lau, B., Arras, K., Burgard, W.: Multi-model hypothesis group tracking and group size estimation. Intl J Soc Robot 2(1), 19\u201330 (2010)","journal-title":"Intl J Soc Robot"},{"key":"584_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124182010003007","volume":"10","author":"C McPhail","year":"1982","unstructured":"McPhail, C., Wohlstein, R.: Using film to analyze pedestrian behavior. Sociol Methods Res 10, 347\u2013375 (1982)","journal-title":"Sociol Methods Res"},{"key":"584_CR27","unstructured":"McPhail C.: The myth of the madding crowd, book on crowd behavior, 34\u201339 (1991)"},{"issue":"3","key":"584_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2008.922970","volume":"9","author":"BT Morris","year":"2008","unstructured":"Morris, B.T., Trivedi, M.M.: Learning, modeling, and classification of vehicle track patterns from live video. IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst 9(3), 425\u2013437 (2008)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst"},{"key":"584_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naturel X., Odobez J.: Detecting queues at vending machines\u2014a statistical layered approach. In: Proceedings of Intl Conf. on pattern recognition, 1\u20134 (2008)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2008.4761139"},{"key":"584_CR30","first-page":"3099","volume":"4","author":"M Piccardi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Piccardi, M.: Background subtraction techniques\u2014a review. IEEE Int Conf Syst Man Cybern 4, 3099\u20133104 (2004)","journal-title":"IEEE Int Conf Syst Man Cybern"},{"issue":"6","key":"584_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.1979.1102177","volume":"24","author":"D Reid","year":"1979","unstructured":"Reid, D.: An algorithm for tracking multiple targets. IEEE Trans Autom control 24(6), 843\u2013854 (1979)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Autom control"},{"key":"584_CR32","unstructured":"Report on internet bandwidth usage at the National University of Singapore. http:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/comcen\/gethelp\/guide\/itcare\/bandwidth.htm (2015). Accessed 4 Feb 2016"},{"key":"584_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sochman J., Hogg D.C: Who knows who-inverting the social force model for finding groups. In: Proceedings of IEEE Conf. on computer vision workshops, 830\u2013837 (2011)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2011.6130338"},{"issue":"8","key":"584_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747767","DOI":"10.1109\/34.868677","volume":"22","author":"C Stauffer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stauffer, C., Grimson, W.: Learning patterns of activity using real time tracking. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 22(8), 747767 (2000)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"584_CR35","unstructured":"Vlachos M., Kollios G., Gunopulos D.: Discovering similar multidimensional trajectories. In: Proceedings of IEEE Conf. on data engineering, 673\u2013684 (2002)"},{"key":"584_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wirz M., Kjrgaard M.B., Feese S., Schlpfer P., Roggen D., Trster G.: Towards an online detection of pedestrian flocks in urban canyons by smoothed spatio-temporal clustering of GPS. Association for Computing Machinery- Location Based Sensory Networks, 17\u201324 (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/2063212.2063220"}],"container-title":["Journal of Real-Time Image Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11554-016-0584-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11554-016-0584-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11554-016-0584-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11554-016-0584-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T02:01:03Z","timestamp":1748829663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11554-016-0584-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["584"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11554-016-0584-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1861-8200","1861-8219"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1861-8200"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1861-8219"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 April 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 March 2016","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 March 2016","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}