{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T15:47:49Z","timestamp":1774367269613,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Real-Time Image Proc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11554-024-01619-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T10:39:10Z","timestamp":1736505550000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rocknet: lightweight network for real-time segmentation of Martian rocks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zezhou","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"He","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"1619_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-earth-062420-052845","volume":"49","author":"BM Jakosky","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jakosky, B.M.: Atmospheric loss to space and the history of water on mars. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 49, 71\u201393 (2021)","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci."},{"key":"1619_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1109\/MRA.2006.1638017","volume":"13","author":"BK Cooper","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cooper, B.K., Lrger, P.C., Tunstel, E.W.: Mars exploration rover surface operations: driving opportunity at meridiani planum. IEEE robotics and automation magazine, 13, 63\u201371 (2006)","journal-title":"IEEE robotics and automation magazine"},{"key":"1619_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thanadulsatit, T., Bualert, P., Deschanin, S., Ruxthawonwong, T., Rueankham, S., Wongsawat, S., Tantana, P., Chancharoen, W.: A review of structural and system design of mars rover curiosity and perseverance. Suranaree J. Sci. Technol. 31(2) (2024)","DOI":"10.55766\/sujst-2024-02-e01241"},{"key":"1619_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-021-00832-9","volume":"217","author":"C Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, C., Zhang, R., Yu, D., Dong, G., Liu, J., Geng, Y., Sun, Z., Yan, W., Ren, X., Su, Y., Zuo, W., Zhang, T., Cao, J., Fang, G., Yang, J., Shu, R., Lin, Y., Zou, Y., Liu, D., Liu, B.: China\u2019s mars exploration mission and science investigation. Space Sci. Rev. 217, 1\u201324 (2021)","journal-title":"Space Sci. Rev."},{"key":"1619_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1109\/MRA.2006.1638012","volume":"13","author":"RA Lindemman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lindemman, R.A., Voorhees, C.J., Bickler, D.B., Harrington, B.D., Ortiz, G.M.: Mars exploration rover mobility development: mechanical mobility hardware design, development, and testing. IEEE robotics and automation magazine, 13, 19\u201326 (2006)","journal-title":"IEEE robotics and automation magazine"},{"key":"1619_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15107","DOI":"10.1029\/1999JE001229","volume":"105","author":"MD Kraft","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kraft, M.D., Greeley, R.: Rock coatings and aeolian abrasion on mars: application to the pathfinder landing site. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 105, 15107\u201315116 (2000)","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Planets"},{"key":"1619_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dunlop, H., Thompson, D.R., Wettergreen, D.: Multi-scale features for detection and segmentation of rocks in mars images. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp 1\u20137 (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383257"},{"key":"1619_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2012.12.002","volume":"117","author":"C Shang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shang, C., Barnes, D.: Fuzzy-rough feature selection aided support vector machines for mars image classification. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 117, 202\u2013213 (2013)","journal-title":"Comput. Vis. Image Underst."},{"key":"1619_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosrev.2021.100379","volume":"40","author":"S Dong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dong, S., Wang, P., Abbas, K.: A survey on deep learning and its applications. Comput. Sci. Rev. 40, 100379 (2021)","journal-title":"Comput. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"1619_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2346259","DOI":"10.1080\/17538947.2024.2346259","volume":"17","author":"J Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu, J., Zhang, J., Chen, H., Xie, Y., Gu, H., Lian, H.: A cross-view intelligent person search method based on multi-feature constraints. Int. J. Digit. Earth 17, 2346259 (2024)","journal-title":"Int. J. Digit. Earth"},{"key":"1619_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bao, L., Zhou, X., Lu, X., Sun, Y., Yin, H., Hu, Z., Zhang, J., Yan, C.: Quality-aware selective fusion network for v-d-t salient object detection. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 33, 3212\u20133226 (2024)","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2024.3393365"},{"key":"1619_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2023.126560","volume":"553","author":"L Bao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bao, L., Zhou, X., Zheng, B., Yin, H., Zhu, Z., Zhang, J., Yan, C.: Aggregating transformers and cnns for salient object detection in optical remote sensing images. Neurocomputing 553, 126560 (2023)","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"1619_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie, Y., Liu, S., Chen, H., Cao, S., Zhang, H., Feng, D., Wan, Q., Zhu, J., Zhu, Q.: Localization, balance and affinity: a stronger multifaceted collaborative salient object detector in remote sensing images. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 63, 1\u201317 (2024)","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2024.3506630"},{"key":"1619_CR14","volume":"131","author":"Y Xie","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xie, Y., Zhan, N., Zhu, J., Xu, B., Chen, H., Mao, W., Luo, X., Hu, Y.: Landslide extraction from aerial imagery considering context association characteristics. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. 131, 103950 (2024)","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf."},{"key":"1619_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-020-00762-y","volume":"216","author":"KA Farley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Farley, K.A., Williford, K.H., Stack, K.M., Bhartia, R., Chen, A., Torre, M., Hand, K., Goreva, Y., Herd, C.D.K., Hueso, R., Liu, Y., Maki, J.N., Martinez, G., Moeller, R.C., Nelessen, A., Newman, C.E., Nunes, D., Ponce, A., Spanovich, N., Willis, P.A.: Mars 2020 mission overview. Space Sci. Rev. 216, 1\u201341 (2020)","journal-title":"Space Sci. Rev."},{"key":"1619_CR16","first-page":"149","volume":"42","author":"L Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, L., Zhu, Y., Zhang, B., Shen, W., Shangguan, Z., Zhang, W., Wang, W., Li, X., Du, Q.: Design and implementation of payload system of the zhurong mars rover. Zhongguo Kexue Jishu Kexue\/Sci. Sin. Technol. 42, 149\u2013164 (2024)","journal-title":"Zhongguo Kexue Jishu Kexue\/Sci. Sin. Technol."},{"key":"1619_CR17","unstructured":"Song, Y., Shan, J.: A framework for automated rock segmentation from the mars exploration rover imagery. In 2006 Annual Conference,Prospecting for Geospatial Information Integration (2006)"},{"key":"1619_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.20192","volume":"24","author":"R Casta\u00f1o","year":"2007","unstructured":"Casta\u00f1o, R., Estlin, T., Anderson, R.C., Gaines, D.M., Castano, A., Bornstein, B., Chouinard, C., Judd, M.: Oasis: onboard autonomous science investigation system for opportunistic rover science. J. Field Robot. 24, 379\u2013397 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Field Robot."},{"key":"1619_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ronneberger, O., Fischer, P., Brox, T.: U-net: convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation (2015)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28"},{"key":"1619_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furl\u00e1n, F., Rub\u00edo, E., Sossa-Azuela, J.H., Ponce-Ponce, V.H.: Rock detection in a mars-like environment using a cnn. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 149\u2013158 (2019)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-21077-9_14"},{"key":"1619_CR21","first-page":"1","volume":"20","author":"W Lv","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lv, W., Wei, L., Zheng, D., Liu, Y., Wang, Y.: Marsnet: automated rock segmentation with transformers for tianwen-1 mission. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 20, 1\u20135 (2023)","journal-title":"IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett."},{"key":"1619_CR22","first-page":"755","volume":"18","author":"H Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, H., Qiu, L., Li, Z., Meng, B., Huang, J., Zhang, Z.: Automatic rocks segmentation based on deep learning for planetary rover images. J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst. 18, 755\u2013761 (2021)","journal-title":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"1619_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2022.08.002","volume":"204","author":"H Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, H., Yao, M., Xiao, X., Cui, H.: A hybrid attention semantic segmentation network for unstructured terrain on mars. Acta Astron. 204, 492\u2013499 (2023)","journal-title":"Acta Astron."},{"key":"1619_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng, L., Wang, S., Wang, D., Xiong, P., Xie, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, M., Wu, E.Q., Song, A.: Mobile-deeprfb: a lightweight terrain classifier for automatic mars rover navigation. IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng. 1\u201310 (2023)","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2023.3340190"},{"key":"1619_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Swan, R.M., Atha, D., Leopold, H.A., Gildner, M., Oij, S., Chiu, C., Ono, M.: Ai4mars: a dataset for terrain-aware autonomous driving on mars. IEEE (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW53098.2021.00226"},{"key":"1619_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2644615","volume":"39","author":"V Badrinarayanan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Badrinarayanan, V., Kendall, A., Cipolla, R.: Segnet: a deep convolutional encoder\u2013decoder architecture for image segmentation. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 39, 2481\u20132495 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"1619_CR27","unstructured":"Paszke, A., Chaurasia, A., Kim, S., Culurciello, E.: Enet: a deep neural network architecture for real-time semantic segmentation (2016)"},{"key":"1619_CR28","unstructured":"Li, G., Yun, I., Kim, J., Kim, J.: Dabnet: depth-wise asymmetric bottleneck for real-time semantic segmentation. In: Proceedings of the British Machine Vision Conference (2019)"},{"key":"1619_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Zhou, Q., Wu, X.: Esnet: an efficient symmetric network for real-time semantic segmentation. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 41\u201352 (2019)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-31723-2_4"},{"key":"1619_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Han, K., Wang, Y., Tian, Q., Guo, J., Xu, C., Xu, C.: Ghostnet: more features from cheap operations. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 1580\u20131589 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00165"},{"key":"1619_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, J., Kao, S.-h., He, H., Zhuo, W., Wen, S., Lee, C.-H., Chan, S.-H.G.: Run, don\u2019t walk: chasing higher flops for faster neural networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 12021\u201312031 (2023)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.01157"},{"key":"1619_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, M., Lai, S., Huang, J., Wei, X., Chai, Z., Luo, J., Wei, X.: Rethinking bisenet for real-time semantic segmentation. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 9716\u20139725 (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00959"},{"key":"1619_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Yu, S.X.: Tied block convolution: leaner and better cnns with shared thinner filters (2020)","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i11.17226"},{"key":"1619_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2022.3230051","volume":"60","author":"C Luo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Luo, C., Feng, S., Yang, X., Ye, Y., Li, X., Zhang, B., Chen, Z., Quan, Y.: Lwcdnet: a lightweight network for efficient cloud detection in remote sensing images. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 60, pp. 1\u201316 (2022)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"1619_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., Sun, J.: Deep residual learning for image recognition. IEEE (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"1619_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mehta, S., Rastegari, M., Caspi, A., Shapiro, L.G., Hajishirzi, H.: Espnet: efficient spatial pyramid of dilated convolutions for semantic segmentation(conference paper). Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp. 561\u2013580 (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01249-6_34"},{"key":"1619_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4647","DOI":"10.1007\/s11063-022-10740-w","volume":"54","author":"Y Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, Y., Li, M., Li, Z., Xiao, C., Li, H.: Efrnet: efficient feature reuse network for real-time semantic segmentation. Neural Process. Lett. 54, 4647\u20134659 (2022)","journal-title":"Neural Process. Lett."},{"key":"1619_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2572683","volume":"15","author":"E Shelhamer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shelhamer, E., Long, J., Darrell, T.: Fully convolutional networks for semantic segmentation. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 15, 640\u2013651 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"1619_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8704","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2019.2918284","volume":"44","author":"G Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang, G., Liu, Z., Pleiss, G., Maaten, L., Weinberger, K.Q.: Convolutional networks with dense connectivity. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 44, 8704\u20138716 (2022)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"1619_CR40","unstructured":"Hu, J., Shen, L., Albanie, S., Sun, G., Wu, E.: Squeeze-and-excitation networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 7132\u20137141 (2020)"},{"key":"1619_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hou, Q., Zhou, D., Feng, J.: Coordinate attention for efficient mobile network design. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 13713\u201313722 (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01350"},{"key":"1619_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3273","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2022.3157995","volume":"25","author":"G Gao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gao, G., Xu, G., Li, J., Yu, Y., Lu, H., Yang, J.: Fbsnet: a fast bilateral symmetrical network for real-time semantic segmentation. IEEE Trans. Multimed. 25, 3273\u20133283 (2023)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Multimed."},{"key":"1619_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11554-024-01579-6","volume":"21","author":"W Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, W., Zhang, S., Li, Y., Li, H., Song, T.: Drmnet: more efficient bilateral networks for real-time semantic segmentation of road scenes. J. Real Time Image Process. 21, 1\u201313 (2024)","journal-title":"J. Real Time Image Process."},{"key":"1619_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2023.109150","volume":"212","author":"X Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Zhao, Z., Ran, L., Xing, Y., Wang, W., Lan, Z., Yin, H., He, H., Liu, Q., Zhang, B., Zhang, Y.: Fasticenet: a real-time and accurate semantic segmentation model for aerial remote sensing river ice image. Signal Process. 212, 109150 (2023)","journal-title":"Signal Process."},{"key":"1619_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6501\/ad9106","volume":"36","author":"Q Tang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tang, Q., Min, S., Shi, X., Zhang, Q., Liu, Y.: Desenet: a bilateral network with detail-enhanced semantic encoder for real-time semantic segmentation. Meas. Sci. Technol. 36, 015425 (2025)","journal-title":"Meas. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"1619_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.20965\/jaciii.2023.p0673","volume":"27","author":"P Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, P., Li, L., Pan, F., Wang, L.: Lightweight bilateral network for real-time semantic segmentation. J. Adv. Comput. Intell. Intell. Inform. 27, 673\u2013682 (2023)","journal-title":"J. Adv. Comput. Intell. Intell. Inform."}],"container-title":["Journal of Real-Time Image Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11554-024-01619-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11554-024-01619-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11554-024-01619-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T17:17:14Z","timestamp":1738603034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11554-024-01619-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["1619"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11554-024-01619-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1861-8200","1861-8219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1861-8200","type":"print"},{"value":"1861-8219","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"41"}}