{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T00:52:31Z","timestamp":1771635151847,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Front. Comput. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11704-016-5164-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,27]],"date-time":"2016-10-27T01:30:00Z","timestamp":1477531800000},"page":"485-498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["An approach to improve the quality of object-oriented models from novice modelers through project practice"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Zhiyi","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"5164_CR1","first-page":"1531","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering","author":"J M Atlee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Atlee J M, Baillargeon R, Chechik M, France R B, Gray J, Paige R F, Rumpe B. Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Modeling in Software Engineering. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering. 2013, 1531\u20131532"},{"key":"5164_CR2","first-page":"1513","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)","author":"M Harman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Harman M, Paige R F, Williams J R. 1st International Workshop on Combining Modeling and Search-Based Software Engineering. In: Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE). 2013, 1513\u20131514"},{"key":"5164_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1145\/1134285.1134341","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference of Software Engineering","author":"C F J Lange","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lange C F J, Chaudron M R V. Effects of defects in UML models: an experimental investigation. In: Proceedings of International Conference of Software Engineering. 2006, 401\u2013411"},{"key":"5164_CR4","first-page":"20","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference of Software Engineering","author":"C F J Lange","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lange C F J. Improving the quality of UML models in practice. In: Proceedings of International Conference of Software Engineering. 2006, 20\u201328"},{"issue":"2","key":"5164_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2006.50","volume":"23","author":"C F J Lange","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lange C F J, Chaudron M R V, Muskens J. In practice: UML software architecture and design description. IEEE Software, 2006, 23(2): 40\u201346","journal-title":"IEEE Software"},{"issue":"2","key":"5164_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0164-1212(00)00052-2","volume":"53","author":"O Laitenberger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Laitenberger O, Atkinson C, Schlich M, Emam K E. An experimental comparison of reading techniques for defect detection in UML design documents. Journal of System Software, 2000, 53(2): 183\u2013204","journal-title":"Journal of System Software"},{"issue":"7","key":"5164_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1145\/1139922.1139926","volume":"49","author":"N Bolloju","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bolloju N, Leung F S K. Assisting novice analysts in developing quality conceptual models with UML. Communication of the ACM, 2006, 49(7): 108\u2013112","journal-title":"Communication of the ACM"},{"key":"5164_CR8","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th Educators\u2019 Symposium@MODELS: Software Modeling in Education","author":"V Y Sien","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sien V Y, Chong D W K. Threshold concepts in object-oriented modeling. In: Proceedings of the 7th Educators\u2019 Symposium@MODELS: Software Modeling in Education. 2011, 55\u201364"},{"key":"5164_CR9","first-page":"722","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference of Software Engineering","author":"M Petre","year":"2013","unstructured":"Petre M. UML in practice. In: Proceedings of International Conference of Software Engineering. 2013, 722\u2013731"},{"key":"5164_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/11880240_3","volume-title":"Proceedings of Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems","author":"C F J Lange","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lange C F J, Dubois B, Chaudron M R V, Demeyer S. An experimental investigation of UML modeling conventions. In: Proceedings of Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems. 2006, 27\u201341"},{"key":"5164_CR11","first-page":"50","volume-title":"Proceedings of Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems","author":"C F J Lange","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lange C F J, Chaudron M RV. Defects in industrial UML models\u2013a multiple case study. In: Proceedings of Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems. 2007, 50\u201379"},{"key":"5164_CR12","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Consistency Problems in UML-based Software Development","author":"L Kuzniarz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kuzniarz L, Staron M. Inconsistencies in student designs. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Consistency Problems in UML-based Software Development. 2003, 9\u201318"},{"key":"5164_CR13","first-page":"403","volume-title":"Proceedings of European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming","author":"R Conradi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Conradi R, Mohagheghi P, Arif T, Hegde L C, Bunde G A, Pedersen A. Object-oriented reading techniques for inspection of UML models \u2014 \u2014 an industrial experiment. In: Proceedings of European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming. 2003, 403\u2013501"},{"key":"5164_CR14","volume-title":"Unified Modeling Language User Guide","author":"G Booch","year":"1999","unstructured":"Booch G, Rumbaugh J, Jacobson I. Unified Modeling Language User Guide. Boston: Addison Wesley, 1999"},{"key":"5164_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/0471734322","volume-title":"Verification and validation for quality of UML 2.0models","author":"B Unhelkar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Unhelkar B. Verification and validation for quality of UML 2.0models. New York: A Wiley-Interscience Publication, 2005"},{"key":"5164_CR16","volume-title":"Object-oriented Analysis and Design","author":"Z Y Ma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ma Z Y. Object-oriented Analysis and Design. 2nd ed. Mechanic Industry Press, 2013","edition":"2"},{"key":"5164_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-9236(94)00041-2","volume":"15","author":"S T March","year":"1995","unstructured":"March S T, Smith G F. Design and natural science research on information technology. Journal of Decision Support Systems, 1995, 15: 251\u2013266","journal-title":"Journal of Decision Support Systems"},{"key":"5164_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.2307\/25148625","volume":"28","author":"A R Hevner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hevner A R, March S T, Park J, Ram S. Design science in information systems research. MIS Quarterly, 2004, 28: 75\u2013105","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"5164_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222240302","volume":"24","author":"K Peffers","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peffers K, Tuunanen T, Rotenberger M A, Chatterjee S. A design science research methodology for information systems research. Journal of Management Information Systems, 2007, 24: 45\u201377","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"key":"5164_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1057\/ejis.2008.45","volume":"17","author":"R Baskerville","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baskerville R. What design science is not. European Journal of Information Systems, 2008, 17: 441\u2013443","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"key":"5164_CR21","first-page":"I","volume":"20","author":"X Tan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tan X, Siau K. Design science in systems analysis and design research: the case of cognitive mapping techniques. Journal of Database Management, 2009, 20: I\u2013IX","journal-title":"Journal of Database Management"},{"key":"5164_CR22","first-page":"1109","volume-title":"Proceedings of Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems","author":"V Rajlich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rajlich V. Teaching developer skills in the first software engineering course. In: Proceedings of Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems. 2013, 1109\u20131116"},{"key":"5164_CR23","first-page":"71","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th Educators\u2019 Symposium@MODELS: Software Modeling in Education","author":"M Seidl","year":"2011","unstructured":"Seidl M, Clarke P J. Software modeling education. In: Proceedings of the 7th Educators\u2019 Symposium@MODELS: Software Modeling in Education. 2011, 71\u201380"},{"issue":"5","key":"5164_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1145\/1125944.1125949","volume":"49","author":"B Dobing","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dobing B, Parsons J. How UML is used? Communications of the ACM, 2006, 49(5): 109\u2013113","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"2","key":"5164_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1109\/52.268955","volume":"11","author":"O I Lindland","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lindland O I, Sindre G, Solvberg A. Understanding quality in conceptual modeling. IEEE Software, 1994, 11(2): 42\u201349","journal-title":"IEEE Software"},{"issue":"12","key":"5164_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2009.04.007","volume":"51","author":"A Nugroho","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nugroho A. Level of detail in UML models and its impact on model comprehension: a controlled experiment. Information and Software Technology Journal, 2009, 51(12): 1670\u20131685","journal-title":"Information and Software Technology Journal"},{"key":"5164_CR27","first-page":"227","volume-title":"Statistics for business and economics","author":"D R Anderson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anderson D R, Sweeney D J, Williams T A. Statistics for business and economics. Cengage Learning Press, 2011, 227\u2013228"},{"key":"5164_CR28","unstructured":"Specification for object-oriented software system modeling (Part 3): documentation. CESI, SJ\/T 11291\u20132003 (in Chinese)"},{"key":"5164_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1037\/h0043158","volume":"63","author":"G A Miller","year":"1956","unstructured":"Miller G A. The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information. The Psychological Review, 1956, 63: 81\u201397","journal-title":"The Psychological Review"},{"key":"5164_CR30","first-page":"12","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference on Software Engineering","author":"T C Lethbridge","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lethbridge T C, Diaz-Herrera J, Leblanc R J, Thompson J B. Improving software practice through education: challenges and future trends. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Software Engineering. 2007, 12\u201328"},{"key":"5164_CR31","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE International Workshop on Software Technology and Engineering Practice","author":"C F J Lange","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lange C F J, Chaudron M R V. Managing model quality in UMLbased software development. In: Proceedings of IEEE International Workshop on Software Technology and Engineering Practice. 2005, 7\u201316"}],"container-title":["Frontiers of Computer Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11704-016-5164-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11704-016-5164-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11704-016-5164-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T14:23:36Z","timestamp":1657549416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11704-016-5164-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"alternative-id":["5164"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11704-016-5164-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2095-2228","2095-2236"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2095-2228","type":"print"},{"value":"2095-2236","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}}}