{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T22:09:24Z","timestamp":1770415764057,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Front. Comput. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11704-025-50416-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T11:16:50Z","timestamp":1770376610000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MorphDAG: elastic DAG-based blockchains at scale"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yifan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shijie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"50416_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129102","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-023-3828-7","volume":"67","author":"P Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang P, Ren J. A blockchain-based data auditing scheme with key-exposure resistance for IIoT. Science China Information Sciences, 2024, 67(2): 129102","journal-title":"Science China Information Sciences"},{"key":"50416_CR2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Ethereum: a secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger","author":"G Wood","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wood G. Ethereum: a secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger. 2014, 1\u201332"},{"key":"50416_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40000.2020.00008","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2020 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","author":"H Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu H, Nikolic I, Hou R, Saxena P. OHIE: blockchain scaling made simple. In: Proceedings of 2020 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). 2020, 90\u2013105"},{"key":"50416_CR4","first-page":"515","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2020 USENIX Annual Technical Conference","author":"C Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li C, Li P, Zhou D, Yang Z, Wu M, Yang G, Xu W, Long F, Yao A C C. A decentralized blockchain with high throughput and fast confirmation. In: Proceedings of 2020 USENIX Annual Technical Conference. 2020, 515\u2013528"},{"key":"50416_CR5","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium","author":"K Babel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Babel K, Chursin A, Danezis G, Kichidis A, Kokoris-Kogias L, Koshy A, Sonnino A, Tian M. Mysticeti: reaching the latency limits with uncertified DAGs. In: Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium. 2025"},{"key":"50416_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1109\/SP61157.2025.00021","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2025 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","author":"N Shrestha","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shrestha N, Shrothrium R, Kate A, Nayak K. Sailfish: towards improving the latency of DAG-based BFT. In: Proceedings of 2025 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). 2025, 1928\u20131946"}],"container-title":["Frontiers of Computer Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11704-025-50416-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11704-025-50416-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11704-025-50416-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T11:16:50Z","timestamp":1770376610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11704-025-50416-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["50416"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11704-025-50416-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2095-2228","2095-2236"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2095-2228","type":"print"},{"value":"2095-2236","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests or financial conflicts to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"2008110"}}