{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T18:16:06Z","timestamp":1768587366183,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SIViP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-024-03641-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T18:03:32Z","timestamp":1733508212000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Lightweight SAR ship detection algorithm based on attention mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Weihong","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peiyuan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"3641_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14051149","volume":"14","author":"S Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu, S., Kong, W., Chen, X., Xu, M., Yasir, M., Zhao, L., Li, J.: Multi-scale Ship Detection Algorithm based on a lightweight neural network for Spaceborne SAR images. Remote Sens. 14(5), 1149 (2022)","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"issue":"2","key":"3641_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2017.2787573","volume":"11","author":"W Ao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ao, W., Xu, F., Li, Y., Wang, H.: Detection and discrimination of ship targets in complex background from spaceborne ALOS-2 SAR images. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sens. 11(2), 536\u2013550 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sens."},{"issue":"7","key":"3641_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1109\/LGRS.2015.2412174","volume":"12","author":"X Leng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leng, X., Ji, K., Yang, K., Zou, H.: A bilateral CFAR algorithm for ship detection in SAR images. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 12(7), 1536\u20131540 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett."},{"key":"3641_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ren, S., He, K., Girshick, R., & Sun, J: Faster R-CNN: Towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks. IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence. 39(6), 1137-1149 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2577031"},{"key":"3641_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Redmon, J., Divvala, S., Girshick, R., Farhadi, A.: You only look once: Unified, real-time object detection. Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 779\u2013788. (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.91"},{"key":"3641_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Qu, C., Shao, J.: Ship detection in SAR images based on an improved faster R-CNN. 2017 SAR in Big Data Era: Models, Methods and Applications (BIGSARDATA). IEEE, 1\u20136. (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/BIGSARDATA.2017.8124934"},{"issue":"5","key":"3641_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11050526","volume":"11","author":"N Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu, N., Cao, Z., Cui, Z., Dang, S.: Multi-scale proposal generation for ship detection in SAR images. Remote Sens. 11(5), 526 (2019)","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"3641_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7799","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2021.3099483","volume":"14","author":"Z Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun, Z., Dai, M., Leng, X., Lei, Y., Xiong, B., Ji, K., Kuang, G.: An anchor-free detection method for ship targets in high-resolution SAR images. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sens. 14, 7799\u20137816 (2021)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sens."},{"key":"3641_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, S.Q., Zhan, R.H., Zhang, J.: Robust single stage detector based on two-stage regression for SAR ship detection. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Innovation in Artificial Intelligence. 169\u2013174. (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3194206.3194223"},{"key":"3641_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2022.3230378","volume":"60","author":"S Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao, S., Zhang, Z., Guo, W., Luo, Y.: An automatic ship detection method adapting to different satellites SAR images with feature alignment and compensation loss. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 60, 1\u201317 (2022)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"issue":"15","key":"3641_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9277","DOI":"10.3390\/su14159277","volume":"14","author":"F Xie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xie, F., Luo, H., Li, S., Liu, Y., Lin, B.: Using Clean Energy satellites to Interpret Imagery: A Satellite IoT oriented Lightweight object detection Framework for SAR Ship Detection. Sustainability. 14(15), 9277 (2022)","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"3641_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2022.3230859","volume":"16","author":"L Bai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bai, L., Yao, C., Ye, Z., Xue, D., Lin, X., Hui, M.: Feature enhancement pyramid and shallow feature Reconstruction Network for SAR Ship Detection. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sens. 16, 1042\u20131056 (2023)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sens."},{"issue":"24","key":"3641_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5020","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13245020","volume":"13","author":"M Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, M., Wen, G., Huang, X., Li, K., Lin, S.: A lightweight detection model for SAR Aircraft in a Complex Environment. Remote Sens. 13(24), 5020 (2021)","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"3641_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4667","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2022.3180159","volume":"15","author":"T Miao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Miao, T., Zeng, H., Yang, W., Chu, B., Zou, F., Ren, W., Chen, J.: An improved lightweight RetinaNet for ship detection in SAR image. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sens. 15, 4667\u20134679 (2022)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sens."},{"key":"3641_CR15","unstructured":"Vaswani, A., Shazeer, N., Parmar, N., Uszkoreit, Z., Jones, L., Gomez, A.N., Kaiser, L., Polosukhin, L.: Attention is all you need. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 30, 5998\u20136008 (2017)"},{"key":"3641_CR16","unstructured":"Jie, H., Li, S., Gang, S.: Squeeze-and-excitation networks. Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 7132\u20137141. (2018)"},{"key":"3641_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Woo, S., Park, J., Lee, J.Y., Kweon, I.S.: Cbam: Convolutional block attention module. Proceedings of the European conference on computer vision (ECCV). 3\u201319. (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01234-2_1"},{"key":"3641_CR18","unstructured":"Ultralytics Yolov5: Available online: (2022). https:\/\/github.com\/ultralytics\/yolov5 (accessed on 2 February 2022)"},{"key":"3641_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ning, C., Zhou, H., Song, Y., Tang, J.: Inception Single Shot MultiBox Detector for object detection. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia & Expo Workshops (ICMEW). IEEE, 549\u2013554. (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMEW.2017.8026312"},{"key":"3641_CR20","first-page":"448","volume":"pmlr","author":"S Ioffe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ioffe, S., Szegedy, C.: Batch normalization: Accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn. pmlr, 448\u2013456 (2015)","journal-title":"Int. Conf. Mach. Learn."},{"key":"3641_CR21","unstructured":"Hendrycks, D., Gimpel, K.: Gaussian error linear units (gelus). arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.08415. (2016)"},{"key":"3641_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., Sun, J.: Deep residual learning for image recognition. Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 770\u2013778. (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"3641_CR23","unstructured":"Bochkovskiy, A., Wang, C.Y., Liao, H.Y.M.: Yolov4: Optimal speed and accuracy of object detection. arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.10934. (2020)"},{"key":"3641_CR24","unstructured":"Zhang, H., Cisse, M., Dauphin, Y.N., Lopez-Paz, D.: mixup: Beyond empirical risk minimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1710.09412. (2017)"},{"key":"3641_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, T.Y., Maire, M., Belongie, S., Hays, J., Perona, P., Ramanan, D., Dollar, P., Zitnick, C.L.: Microsoft coco: Common objects in context. Computer Vision\u2013ECCV 2014: 13th European Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, September 6\u201312, 2014, Proceedings, Part V 13. Springer International Publishing, 740\u2013755. (2014)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10602-1_48"},{"key":"3641_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C.Y., Bochkovskiy, A., Liao, H.Y.M.: YOLOv7: Trainable bag-of-freebies sets new state-of-the-art for real-time object detectors. Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 7464\u20137475. (2023)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00721"},{"key":"3641_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, Y., Chen, S., Zhan, R., Wang, W., Zhang, J.: Sar ship detection based on yolov5 using cbam and bifpn. IGARSS 2022\u20132022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2147\u20132150. (2022)","DOI":"10.1109\/IGARSS46834.2022.9884180"},{"key":"3641_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sandler, M., Howard, A., Zhu, M., Zhmoginov, A., Chen, L.C.: Mobilenetv2: Inverted residuals and linear bottlenecks. Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 4510\u20134520. (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00474"},{"key":"3641_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howard, A., Sandler, M., Chu, G., et al.: Searching for mobilenetv3. Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF international conference on computer vision. 1314\u20131324. (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00140"},{"key":"3641_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, N., Zhang, X., Zheng, H.T., Sun, J.: Shufflenet v2: Practical guidelines for efficient cnn architecture design. Proceedings of the European conference on computer vision (ECCV). 116\u2013131. (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01264-9_8"},{"key":"3641_CR31","unstructured":"Li, C., Li, L., Jiang, H., et al.: YOLOv6: A single-stage object detection framework for industrial applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:2209.02976. (2022)"},{"key":"3641_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9277","DOI":"10.3390\/su14159277","volume":"14","author":"F Xie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xie, F., Luo, H., Li, S., et al.: Using clean energy satellites to interpret imagery: A satellite IoT oriented lightweight object detection framework for SAR ship detection. Sustainability. 14, 15: 9277 (2022)","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"3641_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, J., Wang, Z., Zhang, S.: Multi-scale ship detection in SAR images based on multiple attention cascade convolutional neural networks. 2020 international conference on virtual reality and intelligent systems (ICVRIS). 438\u2013441. (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICVRIS51417.2020.00110"},{"key":"3641_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, P., Wang, Z., Wang, T., et al.: SAR Ship Target Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv7. 2023 China Automation Congress (CAC). 2070\u20132074. (2023)","DOI":"10.1109\/CAC59555.2023.10451860"}],"container-title":["Signal, Image and Video Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11760-024-03641-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11760-024-03641-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11760-024-03641-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T17:51:07Z","timestamp":1738086667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11760-024-03641-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["3641"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11760-024-03641-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-1703","1863-1711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-1703","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-1711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 September 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 December 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"79"}}