{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T17:50:33Z","timestamp":1771609833404,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province China","award":["NO. ZR2022LZH003, ZR2020LZH008, ZR2021MF118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO. ZR2022LZH003, ZR2020LZH008, ZR2021MF118"]}]},{"name":"Key R&D Program of Shandong Province, China","award":["NO.2021SFGC0104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO.2021SFGC0104"]}]},{"name":"the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province, China","award":["NO.2021CXGC010506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO.2021CXGC010506"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SIViP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-024-03680-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T07:15:23Z","timestamp":1734333323000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A forest fire detection method based on improved YOLOv5"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Zukai","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ruzhi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiangwei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lifeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yuang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"3680_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.112825","volume":"293","author":"P Belavenutti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Belavenutti, P., Chung, W., Ager, A.A.: The economic reality of the forest and fuel management deficit on a fire prone western us national forest. J. Environ. Manag. 293, 112825 (2021)","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"issue":"8","key":"3680_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forpol.2011.07.011","volume":"13","author":"JM Mart\u00ednez","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez, J.M., Machuca, M.H., D\u00edaz, R.Z., Silva, F.R., Gonz\u00e1lez-Cab\u00e1n, A.: Economic losses to iberian swine production from forest fires. For. Policy Econom. 13(8), 614\u2013621 (2011)","journal-title":"For. Policy Econom."},{"issue":"3","key":"3680_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/597368","volume":"10","author":"Ahmad AA Alkhatib","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alkhatib, Ahmad AA.: A review on forest fire detection techniques. Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Netw. 10(3), 597368 (2014)","journal-title":"Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Netw."},{"issue":"3","key":"3680_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2009.12.003","volume":"12","author":"L \u0160eri\u0107","year":"2011","unstructured":"\u0160eri\u0107, L., Stipani\u010dev, D., \u0160tula, M.: Observer network and forest fire detection. Inf. Fus. 12(3), 160\u2013175 (2011)","journal-title":"Inf. Fus."},{"issue":"22","key":"3680_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6442","DOI":"10.3390\/s20226442","volume":"20","author":"P Barmpoutis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Barmpoutis, P., Papaioannou, P., Dimitropoulos, K., Grammalidis, N.: A review on early forest fire detection systems using optical remote sensing. Sensors 20(22), 6442 (2020)","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"3680_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ha, C., Jeon, G., Jeong, J.: Vision-based smoke detection algorithm for early fire recognition in digital video recording system. In 2011 Seventh International Conference on Signal Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems, p. 209\u2013212. IEEE, (2011)","DOI":"10.1109\/SITIS.2011.23"},{"issue":"1","key":"3680_CR7","first-page":"7068349","volume":"2018","author":"A Voulodimos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Voulodimos, A., Doulamis, N., Doulamis, A., Protopapadakis, E.: Deep learning for computer vision: a brief review. Comput. Intell. Neurosci. 2018(1), 7068349 (2018)","journal-title":"Comput. Intell. Neurosci."},{"key":"3680_CR8","unstructured":"Ultralytics. Ultralytics-yolov5. https:\/\/github.com\/ultralytics\/yolov5, 2024. Accessed: 2024-08-03"},{"issue":"1","key":"3680_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2005.06.015","volume":"27","author":"B T\u00f6reyin","year":"2006","unstructured":"T\u00f6reyin, B., Dedeo\u011flu, Y., G\u00fcd\u00fckbay, U., Cetin, A.E.: Computer vision based method for real-time fire and flame detection. Pattern Recognit. Lett. 27(1), 49\u201358 (2006)","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit. Lett."},{"key":"3680_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, T.H., Wu, P.H., Chiou, Y.C.: An early fire-detection method based on image processing. In 2004 International Conference on Image Processing, 2004. ICIP\u201904, vol\u00a03, pp. 1707\u20131710. IEEE, (2004)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2004.1421401"},{"issue":"2","key":"3680_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2006.12.003","volume":"18","author":"T Celik","year":"2007","unstructured":"Celik, T., Demirel, H., Ozkaramanli, H., Uyguroglu, M.: Fire detection using statistical color model in video sequences. J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent. 18(2), 176\u2013185 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent."},{"key":"3680_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, T., Shi, L., Yuan, P., Bu, L., Hou, X.: A new fire detection method based on flame color dispersion and similarity in consecutive frames. In 2017 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC), p. 151\u2013156. IEEE, (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/CAC.2017.8242754"},{"issue":"5","key":"3680_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1007\/s10694-020-00986-y","volume":"56","author":"G Anshul","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anshul, G., Singh, A., Kumar, A., Kumar, A., Kapoor, K.: Video flame and smoke based fire detection algorithms: a literature review. Fire Technol. 56(5), 1943\u20131980 (2020)","journal-title":"Fire Technol."},{"issue":"6","key":"3680_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1007\/s11676-022-01461-w","volume":"33","author":"L Lou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lou, L., Chen, F., Cheng, P., Huang, Y.: Smoke root detection from video sequences based on multi-feature fusion. J. For. Res. 33(6), 1841\u20131856 (2022)","journal-title":"J. For. Res."},{"key":"3680_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toreyin, B.U., Cetin, A.E.: Online detection of fire in video. In 2007 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p. 1\u20135. IEEE, (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383442"},{"key":"3680_CR16","volume-title":"Methods and techniques for fire detection: signal, image and video processing perspectives","author":"AE Cetin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cetin, A.E., Merci, B., G\u00fcnay, O., T\u00f6reyin, B.U., Verstockt, S.: Methods and techniques for fire detection: signal, image and video processing perspectives. Academic Press, Cambridge (2016)"},{"key":"3680_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frizzi, S., Kaabi, R., Bouchouicha, M., Ginoux, J.M., Moreau, E., Fnaiech, F.: Convolutional neural network for video fire and smoke detection. In IECON 2016-42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, p. 877\u2013882. IEEE, (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/IECON.2016.7793196"},{"key":"3680_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maksymiv, O., Rak, T., Peleshko, D.: Real-time fire detection method combining adaboost, lbp and convolutional neural network in video sequence. In 2017 14th international conference the experience of designing and application of CAD Systems in microelectronics (CADSM), pp. 351\u2013353. IEEE, (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/CADSM.2017.7916148"},{"key":"3680_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-018-1319-4","volume":"12","author":"Z Zhong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhong, Z., Wang, M., Shi, Y., Gao, W.: A convolutional neural network-based flame detection method in video sequence. SIViP 12, 1619\u20131627 (2018)","journal-title":"SIViP"},{"key":"3680_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gotthans, J., Gotthans, T., Marsalek, R.: Deep convolutional neural network for fire detection. In 2020 30th international conference radioelektronika (RADIOELEKTRONIKA), pp. 1\u20136. IEEE, (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/RADIOELEKTRONIKA49387.2020.9092344"},{"key":"3680_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18174","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2812835","volume":"6","author":"K Muhammad","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muhammad, K., Ahmad, J., Mehmood, I., Rho, S., Baik, S.W.: Convolutional neural networks based fire detection in surveillance videos. Ieee Access 6, 18174\u201318183 (2018)","journal-title":"Ieee Access"},{"issue":"14","key":"3680_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2862","DOI":"10.3390\/app9142862","volume":"9","author":"B Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim, B., Lee, Joonwhoan: A video-based fire detection using deep learning models. Appl. Sci. 9(14), 2862 (2019)","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"3680_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_01199","volume":"31","author":"Y Yong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yong, Y., Si, X., Changhua, H., Zhang, Jianxun: A review of recurrent neural networks: Lstm cells and network architectures. Neural Comput. 31(7), 1235\u20131270 (2019)","journal-title":"Neural Comput."},{"key":"3680_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aslan, S., G\u00fcd\u00fckbay, U., T\u00f6reyin, B.U., Cetin, A.E.: Early wildfire smoke detection based on motion-based geometric image transformation and deep convolutional generative adversarial networks. In ICASSP 2019-2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 8315\u20138319. IEEE, (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2019.8683629"},{"key":"3680_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2024.104511","volume":"149","author":"DongXu Yin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yin, DongXu, Cheng, Pengle, Huang, Ying: Yolo-epf: multi-scale smoke detection with enhanced pool former and multiple receptive fields. Digital Signal Process. 149, 104511 (2024)","journal-title":"Digital Signal Process."},{"key":"3680_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2024.112303","volume":"301","author":"X Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen, X., Zheng, X., Li, Z., Ma, M., Zhang, M.: Self-supervised visual-textual prompt learning for few-shot grading of gastric intestinal metaplasia. Knowl. Based Syst. 301, 112303 (2024)","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"3680_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2024.106597","volume":"179","author":"X Zheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zheng, X., Zhang, L., Chunyan, X., Chen, X., Cui, Z.: An attribution graph-based interpretable method for cnns. Neural Netw. 179, 106597 (2024)","journal-title":"Neural Netw."},{"issue":"11","key":"3680_CR28","first-page":"89","volume":"40","author":"X Zhou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhou, X., Wang, K., Li, L.: Review of object detection based on deep learning. Electr. Meas. Technol. 40(11), 89\u201393 (2017)","journal-title":"Electr. Meas. Technol."},{"key":"3680_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Girshick, R., Donahue, J., Darrell, T., Malik, J.: Rich feature hierarchies for accurate object detection and semantic segmentation. In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 580\u2013587, (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.81"},{"key":"3680_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Girshick, R.: Fast r-cnn. In Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision, pp. 1440\u20131448, (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.169"},{"key":"3680_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leibe, B., Matas, J., Sebe, N., Welling, M.: Computer Vision\u2013ECCV 2016: 14th European Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, October 11\u201314, 2016, Proceedings, Part IV, vol. 9908. Springer, (2016)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46493-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"3680_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-023-02728-3","volume":"18","author":"Z Hong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hong, Z., Hamdan, E., Zhao, Y., Ye, T., Pan, H., Cetin, A.E.: Wildfire detection via transfer learning: a survey. Signal Image Video Process. 18(1), 207\u2013214 (2024)","journal-title":"Signal Image Video Process."},{"key":"3680_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Woo, S., Park, J., Lee, J.Y., Kweon, I.S.: Cbam: convolutional block attention module. In Proceedings of the European conference on computer vision (ECCV), pp. 3\u201319, (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01234-2_1"},{"key":"3680_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, J., Shen, L., Sun, G.: Squeeze-and-excitation networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 7132\u20137141 (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00745"},{"key":"3680_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Q., Wu, B., Zhu, P., Li, P., Zuo, W., Hu, Q.: Eca-net: efficient channel attention for deep convolutional neural networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 11534\u201311542 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01155"},{"issue":"18","key":"3680_CR36","first-page":"307","volume":"37","author":"S Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin, S., Liu, M., Tao, Z.: Underwater treasures detection using attention mechanism and improved yolov5. J. Agric. Eng. 37(18), 307\u2013314 (2021)","journal-title":"J. Agric. Eng."},{"issue":"15","key":"3680_CR37","first-page":"157","volume":"41","author":"ZY Zou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zou, Z.Y., Gai, S.Y., Da, F.P., et al.: Pedestrian occlusion detection algorithm based on attention mechanism. Acta Opt. Sin. 41(15), 157\u2013165 (2021)","journal-title":"Acta Opt. Sin."},{"key":"3680_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Han, K., Wang, Y., Tian, Q., Guo, J., Xu, C., Xu, C.: Ghostnet: more features from cheap operations. In Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 1580\u20131589 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00165"},{"key":"3680_CR39","unstructured":"Gevorgyan, Zhora.: Siou loss: more powerful learning for bounding box regression. arXiv preprintarXiv:2205.12740 (2022)"},{"issue":"9","key":"3680_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0291359","volume":"18","author":"Jie Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang, Jie, Zhu, Wenchao, Sun, Ting, Ren, Xiaojun, Liu, Fang: Lightweight forest smoke and fire detection algorithm based on improved yolov5. PLoS ONE 18(9), e0291359 (2023)","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3680_CR41","unstructured":"Ren, S.: Faster r-cnn: towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks. arXiv preprintarXiv:1506.01497, (2015)"},{"key":"3680_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., Sun, J.: Deep residual learning for image recognition. In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 770\u2013778 (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"3680_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C.Y., Bochkovskiy, A., Liao, H.Y.M.: Yolov7: trainable bag-of-freebies sets new state-of-the-art for real-time object detectors. In Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 7464\u20137475 (2023)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00721"},{"key":"3680_CR44","unstructured":"Jocher, G. et\u00a0al.: Yolov8: high-performance object detection. https:\/\/github.com\/ultralytics\/ultralytics, (2023). Accessed: 2024-08-24"}],"container-title":["Signal, Image and Video Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11760-024-03680-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11760-024-03680-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11760-024-03680-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T14:59:13Z","timestamp":1738335553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11760-024-03680-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["3680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11760-024-03680-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-1703","1863-1711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-1703","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-1711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 September 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 September 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 December 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no Conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"136"}}