{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T08:07:29Z","timestamp":1781078849022,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]],"date-time":"2020-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581897600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]],"date-time":"2020-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Eng Ethics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data science skills are rapidly becoming a necessity in modern science. In response to this need, institutions and organizations around the world are developing research data science curricula to teach the programming and computational skills that are needed to build and maintain data infrastructures and maximize the use of available data. To date, however, few of these courses have included an explicit ethics component, and developing such components can be challenging. This paper describes a novel approach to teaching data ethics on short courses developed for the CODATA-RDA Schools for Research Data Science. The ethics content of these schools is centred on the concept of open and responsible (data) science citizenship that draws on virtue ethics to promote ethics of practice. Despite having little formal teaching time, this concept of citizenship is made central to the course by distributing ethics content across technical modules. Ethics instruction consists of a wide range of techniques, including stand-alone lectures, group discussions and mini-exercises linked to technical modules. This multi-level approach enables students to develop an understanding both of \u201cresponsible and open (data) science citizenship\u201d, and of how such responsibilities are implemented in daily research practices within their home environment. This approach successfully locates ethics within daily data science practice, and allows students to see how small actions build into larger ethical concerns. This emphasises that ethics are not something \u201cremoved from daily research\u201d or the remit of data generators\/end users, but rather are a vital concern for all data scientists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-020-00197-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]],"date-time":"2020-02-18T15:45:16Z","timestamp":1582040716000},"page":"2189-2213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["\u201cEthics When You Least Expect It\u201d: A Modular Approach to Short Course Data Ethics Instruction"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4328-3963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise","family":"Bezuidenhout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Quick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugh","family":"Shanahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"197_CR1","volume-title":"Aristotle\u2019s politics","author":"Aristotle","year":"1984","unstructured":"Aristotle. (1984). In C. Lord (Ed.), Aristotle\u2019s politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"197_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbx100","volume":"20","author":"TK Attwood","year":"2017","unstructured":"Attwood, T. K., Blackford, S., Brazas, M. D., Davies, A., & Schneider, M. V. (2017). A global perspective on evolving bioinformatics and data science training needs. Briefings in Bioinformatics, 20, 398\u2013404.","journal-title":"Briefings in Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"197_CR3","first-page":"195","volume":"14","author":"M Baker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baker, M., Beale, A., Hammersley, L., Lloyd, K., Semple, A., & White, K. (2013). Ethical practice in learning through participation: Showcasing and evaluating the PACE ethical practice module. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, 14(3), 195\u2013207.","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education"},{"key":"197_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9963.001.0001","volume-title":"Big data, little data, no data: Scholarship in the networked world","author":"CL Borgman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Borgman, C. L. (2015). Big data, little data, no data: Scholarship in the networked world. New York: MIT Press."},{"issue":"1","key":"197_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1515\/popets-2015-0007","volume":"2015","author":"A Datta","year":"2015","unstructured":"Datta, A., Tschantz, M. C., & Datta, A. (2015). Automated experiments on ad privacy settings. Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2015(1), 92\u2013112.","journal-title":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies"},{"key":"197_CR6","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Achieving ethical competence for public service leadership","author":"A De Schrijver","year":"2013","unstructured":"De Schrijver, A., & Maesschalck, J. (2013). A new definition and conceptualisation of ethical competence. In D. Menzel & T. Cooper (Eds.), Achieving ethical competence for public service leadership (pp. 29\u201351). Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe."},{"key":"197_CR7","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Theory and applications of models of computation","author":"C Dwork","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dwork, C. (2008). Differential privacy: a survey of results. In M. Agrawal, D. Du, Z. Duan, & A. Li (Eds.), Theory and applications of models of computation (pp. 1\u201319). Amsterdam: Springer."},{"key":"197_CR8","volume-title":"Privacy online","author":"NB Ellison","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ellison, N. B., Vitak, J., Steinfield, C., Gray, R., Lampe, C., Ellison, N. B., et al. (2011). Negotiating privacy concerns and social capital needs in a social media environment. In S. Trepte (Ed.), Privacy online. Berlin: Springer."},{"issue":"2083","key":"197_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20160360","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2016.0360","volume":"374","author":"L Floridi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Floridi, L., & Taddeo, M. (2016). What is data ethics? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374(2083), 20160360.","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"197_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1145\/175222.175227","volume":"37","author":"B Friedman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Friedman, B., & Kahn, P. H. (1994). Educating computer scientists: Linking the Social and the Technical. Communications ACM, 37(1), 64\u201370.","journal-title":"Communications ACM"},{"issue":"3","key":"197_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-005-0006-3","volume":"11","author":"JR Herkert","year":"2005","unstructured":"Herkert, J. R. (2005). Ways of thinking about and teaching ethical problem solving: Microethics and macroethics in engineering. Science and Engineering Ethics, 11(3), 373\u2013385.","journal-title":"Science and Engineering Ethics"},{"issue":"4","key":"197_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/03043790050200340","volume":"25","author":"J Herkert","year":"2010","unstructured":"Herkert, J. (2010). Engineering ethics education in the USA: Content, pedagogy and curriculum. European Journal of Engineering Ethics, 25(4), 303\u2013313.","journal-title":"European Journal of Engineering Ethics"},{"key":"197_CR13","volume-title":"The data deluge: An e-Science perspective. Grid computing","author":"T Hey","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hey, T., & Trefethen, A. (2003). The data deluge: An e-Science perspective. Grid computing. Chichester: Wiley."},{"key":"197_CR14","unstructured":"International Council for Science, InterAcademy Partnership, International Social Science Council, & World Academy of Science. (2015). Open Data in a Big Data World, Paris."},{"issue":"5","key":"197_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2573","volume":"10","author":"J Kaye","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kaye, J., Heeney, C., Hawkins, N., & De Vries, J. (2009). Data sharing in genomics\u2014Re-shaping scientific practice. National Review of Genetics, 10(5), 331\u2013335.","journal-title":"National Review of Genetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"197_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2013.0149","volume":"18","author":"E Kolker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kolker, E., \u00d6zdemir, V., Martens, L., Hancock, W., Anderson, G., Anderson, N., et al. (2014). Toward more transparent and reproducible omics studies through a common metadata checklist and data publications. OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology, 18(1), 10\u201314.","journal-title":"OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"197_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2360","volume":"9","author":"JE Lunshof","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lunshof, J. E., Chadwick, R., Vorhaus, D. B., & Church, G. M. (2008). From genetic privacy to open consent. Nature Reviews Genetics, 9(5), 406\u2013411.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Genetics"},{"key":"197_CR18","volume-title":"After virtue: A study in moral theory","author":"AC MacIntyre","year":"2007","unstructured":"MacIntyre, A. C. (2007). After virtue: A study in moral theory. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press."},{"issue":"2","key":"197_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/23299460.2014.922249","volume":"1","author":"P Macnaghten","year":"2014","unstructured":"Macnaghten, P., Owen, R., Stilgoe, J., Wynne, B., Azevedo, A., de Campos, A., et al. (2014). Responsible innovation across borders: Tensions, paradoxes and possibilities. Journal of Responsible Innovation, 1(2), 191\u2013199.","journal-title":"Journal of Responsible Innovation"},{"key":"197_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin, C. D. (1997). Working group reports and supplemental proceedings SIGCSE\/SIGCUE ITiCSE\u201997 The case for integrating ethical and social impact into the computer science curriculum.","DOI":"10.1145\/266057.266131"},{"issue":"1","key":"197_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1080\/0899340880010104","volume":"1","author":"K Miller","year":"1988","unstructured":"Miller, K. (1988). Integrating computer ethics into the computer science curriculum. Computer Science Education, 1(1), 37\u201352.","journal-title":"Computer Science Education"},{"key":"197_CR22","volume-title":"On being a scientist: A guide to responsible conduct in research","author":"National Academies of Sciences","year":"2012","unstructured":"National Academies of Sciences. (2012). On being a scientist: A guide to responsible conduct in research (3rd ed., Vol. 83). Washington, DC: National Academies Press.","edition":"3"},{"issue":"6251","key":"197_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac4716","volume":"349","author":"Open Science Collaboration","year":"2015","unstructured":"Open Science Collaboration. (2015). Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science. Science, 349(6251), 943.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"197_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1093\/scipol\/scs093","volume":"39","author":"R Owen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Owen, R., Macnaghten, P., & Stilgoe, J. (2012). Responsible research and innovation: From science in society to science for society, with society. Science and Public Policy, 39(6), 751\u2013760.","journal-title":"Science and Public Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"197_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-10-107","volume":"10","author":"N Pearce","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pearce, N., & Smith, A. H. (2011). Data sharing: Not as simple as it seems. Environmental Health, 10(1), 107.","journal-title":"Environmental Health"},{"key":"197_CR26","volume-title":"Digital Infrastructures for Research 2017 (30 November 2017\u20131 December 2017)","author":"R Quick","year":"2017","unstructured":"Quick, R., Hodson, S., Jones, S., & Shanahan, H. (2017). Digital Infrastructures for Research 2017 (30 November 2017\u20131 December 2017). Brussels: In Digital Infrastructures for Research."},{"issue":"2","key":"197_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1080\/08989621.2016.1257387","volume":"24","author":"D Resnik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Resnik, D., & Shamoo, A. (2017). Reproducibility in research. Accountability in Research, 24(2), 116\u2013123.","journal-title":"Accountability in Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"197_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2013.05.008","volume":"42","author":"J Stilgoe","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stilgoe, J., Owen, R., & Macnaghten, P. (2013). Developing a framework for responsible innovation. Research Policy, 42(9), 1568\u20131580.","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"197_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.2218\/ijdc.v10i1.351","volume":"10","author":"TK Teal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teal, T. K., Cranston, K. A., Lapp, H., White, E., Wilson, G., Ram, K., et al. (2015). Data carpentry: Workshops to increase data literacy for researchers. International Journal of Digital Curation, 10(1), 135\u2013143.","journal-title":"International Journal of Digital Curation"},{"issue":"1","key":"197_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160018","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.18","volume":"3","author":"MD Wilkinson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wilkinson, M. D., Dumontier, M., Aalbersberg, I. J., Appleton, G., Axton, M., Baak, A., et al. (2016). The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship. Scientific Data, 3(1), 160018.","journal-title":"Scientific Data"}],"container-title":["Science and Engineering Ethics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11948-020-00197-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11948-020-00197-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11948-020-00197-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T23:33:54Z","timestamp":1613691234000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11948-020-00197-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11948-020-00197-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-3452","1471-5546"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-3452","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-5546","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 February 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 February 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}