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Experience of previous technological leaps points to ambivalent effects that at times may be considered \u201ctragic.\u201d This paper examines the relationship between technology and tragedy, contributing to the fields of technology ethics, technology assessment, and the philosophy of the human-environment relationship. The relationship between technology and tragedy is double-edged. On the one hand, technology can serve to eliminate tragedy, e.g. by ensuring safety by design, albeit never with guaranteed success. On the other hand, tragic experiences of technological consequences may result from the discrepancy between initial expectations and actual outcomes. A technological consequence is often framed as \u201ctragic\u201d if it was initially associated with high expectations of existential improvement (first necessary condition). Furthermore, a consequence can be labeled \u201ctragic\u201d in perspective only. Tragic is a personal or cultural narration, experiences that a technology\u2019s promise of progress is at least partially reversed to produce the opposite (second necessary condition). As elaborated in this paper, tragic consequences can manifest in two ways:\n                    <jats:italic>First-order tragedy<\/jats:italic>\n                    refers to direct reversals of intended effects (e.g. a technology designed to alleviate hunger exacerbates it).\n                    <jats:italic>Second-order tragedy<\/jats:italic>\n                    involves gradual qualitative changes in life, such as diminished human agency or reduced participation \u2013 as if humankind were to become \u201cpart of a techno-economical system\u201d and lose the freedom to shape life. This is the \u201ctragic of the machine\u201d. Ultimately, some \u201ctragic technologies\u201d narrations may also reflect the one-sided projection of experiences of tragedy onto technology.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-026-00597-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T08:15:49Z","timestamp":1778746549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tragedies of Technology: An Exploration of Such Narratives"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1060-3898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Grossarth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armin","family":"Grunwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"597_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1080\/09537329708524280","volume":"9","author":"T. 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