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However, performances of supervised DL models heavily rely on the quantity of labeled samples, which are extremely costly to obtain. Here, we present a DL model for aneurysm detection that overcomes the issue with \u201cweak\u201d labels: oversized annotations which are considerably faster to create. Our weak labels resulted to be four times faster to generate than their voxel-wise counterparts. In addition, our model leverages prior anatomical knowledge by focusing only on plausible locations for aneurysm occurrence. We first train and evaluate our model through cross-validation on an in-house TOF-MRA dataset comprising 284 subjects (170 females \/ 127 healthy controls \/ 157 patients with 198 aneurysms). On this dataset, our best model achieved a sensitivity of 83%, with False Positive (FP) rate of 0.8 per patient. To assess model generalizability, we then participated in a challenge for aneurysm detection with TOF-MRA data (93 patients, 20 controls, 125 aneurysms). On the public challenge, sensitivity was 68% (FP rate\u2009=\u20092.5), ranking 4th\/18 on the open leaderboard. We found no significant difference in sensitivity between aneurysm risk-of-rupture groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.75), locations (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.72), or sizes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.15). Data, code and model weights are released under permissive licenses. We demonstrate that weak labels and anatomical knowledge can alleviate the necessity for prohibitively expensive voxel-wise annotations.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-022-09597-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T19:02:48Z","timestamp":1660849368000},"page":"21-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Towards Automated Brain Aneurysm Detection in TOF-MRA: Open Data, Weak Labels, and Anatomical Knowledge"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5161-055X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommaso","family":"Di Noto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2447-1056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume","family":"Marie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4441-899X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastien","family":"Tourbier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6067-8639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasser","family":"Alem\u00e1n-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8435-6191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Esteban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3832-7976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume","family":"Saliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2730-4285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meritxell Bach","family":"Cuadra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2854-6561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patric","family":"Hagmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6975-5634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas","family":"Richiardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"9597_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abousamra, S., Fassler, D., Hou, L., Zhang, Y., Gupta, R., Kurc, T., Escobar-Hoyos, L. 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