{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T03:12:20Z","timestamp":1771557140469,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]],"date-time":"2019-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552435200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Theory Biosci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12064-019-00283-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]],"date-time":"2019-03-13T06:52:58Z","timestamp":1552459978000},"page":"113-117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The break-up between Darwin and Haeckel"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Nicolaas","family":"Rupke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"283_CR1","unstructured":"Anon (23 Oct 1914) Erkl\u00e4rung der Hochschullehrer des Deutschen Reiches\/Dichirazione dei professori di Studi superiori dell\u2019Imperio germanico. Berlin"},{"key":"283_CR2","volume-title":"Ernst Haeckels Bluts- und Geistes-Erbe","author":"K Astel","year":"1936","unstructured":"Astel K (1936) Ernst Haeckels Bluts- und Geistes-Erbe. Lehmanns, M\u00fcnchen"},{"key":"283_CR3","volume-title":"Acquired traits. Memoirs of a Geneticist from the Soviet Union","author":"RL Berg","year":"1988","unstructured":"Berg RL (1988) Acquired traits. Memoirs of a Geneticist from the Soviet Union. Viking, New York"},{"key":"283_CR4","volume-title":"Aufrufe und Reden deutscher Professoren im Ersten Weltkrieg","year":"1975","unstructured":"B\u00fchme K (ed) (1975) Aufrufe und Reden deutscher Professoren im Ersten Weltkrieg. Stuttgart, Reclam"},{"key":"283_CR5","unstructured":"Chamberlain HS (1910) The foundations of the nineteenth century, vol 1. Translated by John Lees. Revisionist Book"},{"key":"283_CR6","volume-title":"Immanuel Kant. Die Pers\u00f6nlichkeit als Einf\u00fchrung in das Werk","author":"HS Chamberlain","year":"1921","unstructured":"Chamberlain HS (1921) Immanuel Kant. Die Pers\u00f6nlichkeit als Einf\u00fchrung in das Werk. Bruckmann, M\u00fcnchen"},{"key":"283_CR7","volume-title":"Biologen unter Hitler: Portr\u00e4t einer Wissenschaft im NS Staat","author":"U Deichmann","year":"1995","unstructured":"Deichmann U (1995) Biologen unter Hitler: Portr\u00e4t einer Wissenschaft im NS Staat. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main"},{"key":"283_CR8","volume-title":"German science","author":"P Duhem","year":"1991","unstructured":"Duhem P (1991) German science. Open Court, La Salle"},{"key":"283_CR9","volume-title":"\u201cKrieg der Gelehrten\u201d und die Welt der Akademien 1914\u20131924","year":"2016","unstructured":"Eckart U, Godel R (eds) (2016) \u201cKrieg der Gelehrten\u201d und die Welt der Akademien 1914\u20131924. Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina, Halle (Saale)"},{"key":"283_CR10","volume-title":"Dialektik der Natur","author":"F Engels","year":"1952","unstructured":"Engels F (1952) Dialektik der Natur. Dietz, Berlin"},{"key":"283_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1353\/book56638","volume-title":"Science without frontiers: cosmopolitanism and national interests in the world of learning, 1870\u20131940","author":"R Fox","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fox R (2016) Science without frontiers: cosmopolitanism and national interests in the world of learning, 1870\u20131940. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis"},{"key":"283_CR12","volume-title":"Haeckel\u2019s Monism and the birth of fascist ideology","author":"D Gasman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gasman D (1998) Haeckel\u2019s Monism and the birth of fascist ideology. Peter Lang, New York"},{"key":"283_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226000329.001.0001","volume-title":"Scientific babel: how science was done before and after global english","author":"MD Gordon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gordon MD (2015) Scientific babel: how science was done before and after global english. University of Chicago Press, Chicago"},{"key":"283_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvjsf433","volume-title":"The structure of evolutionary theory","author":"SJ Gould","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gould SJ (2002) The structure of evolutionary theory. Belknap\/Harvard University Press, Cambridge"},{"key":"283_CR15","volume-title":"Science, ideology and world view","author":"JC Greene","year":"1981","unstructured":"Greene JC (1981) Science, ideology and world view. University of California Press, Berkeley"},{"key":"283_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110848281","volume-title":"Generelle morphologie der organismen","author":"E Haeckel","year":"1866","unstructured":"Haeckel E (1866) Generelle morphologie der organismen. Georg Reimer, Berlin"},{"key":"283_CR17","volume-title":"The mobilization of intellect. French scholars and writers during the great war","author":"M Hanna","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hanna M (1996) The mobilization of intellect. French scholars and writers during the great war. Harvard University Press, Cambridge"},{"key":"283_CR18","first-page":"205","volume-title":"Les Allemands et la science","author":"LF Henneguy","year":"1916","unstructured":"Henneguy LF (1916) L\u2019Allemagne et les sciences biologiques. Les Allemands et la science. F\u00e9lix Alcan, Paris, pp 205\u2013217"},{"key":"283_CR19","unstructured":"Ho\u00dffeld U (1997) Gerhard Heberer (1901\u20131973). Sein Beitrag zur Biologie im 20. Jahrhundert. Verlag f\u00fcr Wissenschaft und Bildung, Berlin"},{"issue":"1","key":"283_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s10818-008-9032-y","volume":"10","author":"U Ho\u00dffeld","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ho\u00dffeld U, Meister K, Levit G (2008) Alternative evolutionary theories: a historical survey. J Bioecon 10(1):71\u201396","journal-title":"J Bioecon"},{"key":"283_CR21","volume-title":"Kropotkins Philosophie des kommunistischen Anarchismus","author":"M Lausberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lausberg M (2016) Kropotkins Philosophie des kommunistischen Anarchismus. Unrast, M\u00fcnster"},{"key":"283_CR22","first-page":"367","volume":"11","author":"G Levit","year":"2005","unstructured":"Levit G, Ho\u00dffeld U (2005) Die Nomogenese: Evolutionstheorie jenseits von Darwinismus und Lamarckismus. Verhandlungen zur Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie 11:367\u2013388","journal-title":"Verhandlungen zur Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie"},{"key":"283_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69123-7_8","volume-title":"The Darwinian tradition in context. Research programs in evolutionary biology","author":"G Levit","year":"2017","unstructured":"Levit G, Ho\u00dffeld U (2017) Major research traditions in twentieth-century evolutionary biology: the relations of Germany\u2019s Darwinism with them. In: Delisle RG (ed) The Darwinian tradition in context. Research programs in evolutionary biology. Springer, Berlin, pp 169\u2013193"},{"key":"283_CR24","first-page":"1861","volume-title":"Briefwechsel\/correspondence","author":"K Marx","year":"1950","unstructured":"Marx K, Engels F (1950) Briefwechsel\/correspondence, vol 3. Dietz Verlag, Berlin, pp 1861\u20131867"},{"key":"283_CR26","volume-title":"Die Biologie des Krieges. Betrachtungen eines Naturforschers den Deutschen zur Besinnung","author":"GF Nicolai","year":"1917","unstructured":"Nicolai GF (1917) Die Biologie des Krieges. Betrachtungen eines Naturforschers den Deutschen zur Besinnung. Orell F\u00fcssli, Z\u00fcrich"},{"key":"283_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226059099.001.0001","volume-title":"Was Hitler a Darwinian? Disputed questions in the history of evolutionary theory","author":"RJ Richards","year":"2013","unstructured":"Richards RJ (2013) Was Hitler a Darwinian? Disputed questions in the history of evolutionary theory. University of Chicago Press, Chicago"},{"key":"283_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226384399.001.0001","volume-title":"Debating Darwin","author":"RJ Richards","year":"2016","unstructured":"Richards RJ, Ruse M (2016) Debating Darwin. University of Chicago Press, Chicago"},{"key":"283_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s10739-011-9283-7","volume":"45","author":"O Rieppel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rieppel O (2012) Karl Beurlen (1901\u20131985), nature mysticism, and Aryan paleontology. J Hist Biol 45:253\u2013299","journal-title":"J Hist Biol"},{"key":"283_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226731780.001.0001","volume-title":"Richard Owen: biology without Darwin","author":"NA Rupke","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rupke NA (2009) Richard Owen: biology without Darwin. University of Chicago Press, Chicago"},{"key":"283_CR31","first-page":"112","volume-title":"Newton\u2019s apple and other myths about science and religion","author":"NA Rupke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rupke NA (2015) [The myth] that Darwinian natural selection has been \u201cthe only game in town\u201d. In: Numbers RL, Kampourakis K (eds) Newton\u2019s apple and other myths about science and religion. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, pp 112\u2013118"},{"key":"283_CR32","unstructured":"Rupke NA (in press) Putting the structuralist theory of evolution in its place. In Withers CWJ, Mayhew RJ (eds) Geographies of knowledge: science, scale and spatiality in the nineteenth century. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore"},{"key":"283_CR33","volume-title":"Darwin without Malthus: the struggle for existence in Russian evolutionary thought","author":"DP Todes","year":"1989","unstructured":"Todes DP (1989) Darwin without Malthus: the struggle for existence in Russian evolutionary thought. Oxford University Press, New York"},{"key":"283_CR34","volume-title":"Hitler. Memoirs of a confidant","year":"1978","unstructured":"Turner HA Jr (ed) (1978) Hitler. Memoirs of a confidant. Yale University Press, London"},{"key":"283_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-1750(82)91390-2","volume":"5","author":"G Webster","year":"1982","unstructured":"Webster G, Goodwin BC (1982) The origin of species: a structuralist approach. J Soc Biol Struct 5:15\u201347","journal-title":"J Soc Biol Struct"}],"container-title":["Theory in Biosciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12064-019-00283-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12064-019-00283-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12064-019-00283-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T12:42:02Z","timestamp":1694695322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12064-019-00283-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["283"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12064-019-00283-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1431-7613","1611-7530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1431-7613","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-7530","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 September 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 September 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}