{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T12:08:35Z","timestamp":1762430915241},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,18]],"date-time":"2014-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416268800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evol. Intel."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12065-014-0117-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]],"date-time":"2014-11-21T11:50:39Z","timestamp":1416570639000},"page":"201-218","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cooperative coevolutionary algorithms for dynamic optimization: an experimental study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Chun-Kit","family":"Au","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ho-Fung","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"117_CR1","unstructured":"Au CK, Leung HF (2008) On the behavior of cooperative coevolution in dynamic environments. In: IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, 2008. CEC 2008. (IEEE world congress on computational intelligence), pp 2827\u20132836"},{"key":"117_CR2","unstructured":"Au CK, Leung HF (2009) Investigating collaboration methods of random immigrant scheme in cooperative coevolution. In: CEC\u201909: proceedings of the eleventh conference on congress on evolutionary computation. IEEE Press, pp 2700\u20132707"},{"key":"117_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Back T (1998) On the behavior of evolutionary algorithms in dynamic environments. In: The 1998 IEEE international conference on evolutionary computation proceedings, 1998. IEEE world congress on computational intelligence, pp 446\u2013451","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEC.1998.699839"},{"key":"117_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Branke J (1999) Memory enhanced evolutionary algorithms for changing optimization problems. In: Proceedings of the 1999 congress on evolutionary computation, 1999 CEC, vol 3, pp 1875\u20131882","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.1999.785502"},{"key":"117_CR5","volume-title":"Evolutionary optimization in dynamic environments","author":"J Branke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Branke J (2001) Evolutionary optimization in dynamic environments. Kluwer, Dordredcht"},{"key":"117_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Branke J, Kausler T, Schmidt C, Schmeck H (2000) A multi-population approach to dynamic optimization problems. In: Adaptive computing in design and manufacturing. Springer, pp 299\u2013308","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-0519-0_24"},{"key":"117_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brest J, Zamuda A, Boskovic B, Maucec MS, Zumer V (2009) Dynamic optimization using self-adaptive differential evolution. In: IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, vol 2009, pp 415\u2013422","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2009.4982976"},{"key":"117_CR8","unstructured":"Bull L (1997) Evolutionary computing in multi-agent environments: partners. In: ICGA, Morgan\u00a0Kaufmann, pp 370\u2013377\u00a0"},{"key":"117_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bull L (1998) Evolutionary computing in multi-agent environments: operators. In: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on evolutionary programming, EP \u201998, vol 7. Springer, pp 43\u201352","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0040758"},{"key":"117_CR10","unstructured":"Bull L, Fogarty TC, Snaith M (1995) Evolution in multi-agent systems: evolving communicating classifier systems for gait in a quadrupedal robot. In: ICGA, pp 382\u2013388"},{"issue":"4","key":"117_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2007.907593","volume":"12","author":"SY Chong","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chong SY, Ti\u00f1o P, Yao X (2008) Measuring generalization performance in coevolutionary learning. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 12(4):479\u2013505","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"117_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1109\/TCIAIG.2009.2034269","volume":"1","author":"SY Chong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chong SY, Tino P, Yao X (2009) Relationship between generalization and diversity in coevolutionary learning. IEEE Trans Comput Intell AI Games 1(3):214\u2013232","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Comput Intell AI Games"},{"issue":"1","key":"117_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2010.2051673","volume":"16","author":"SY Chong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chong SY, Tino P, Ku DC, Yao X (2012) Improving generalization performance in co-evolutionary learning. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 16(1):70\u201385","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"117_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cobb HG (1990) An investigation into the use of hypermutation as an adaptive operator in genetic algorithms having continuous, time-dependent nonstationary environments. Technical report","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA229159"},{"key":"117_CR15","unstructured":"Cobb HG, Grefenstette JJ (1993) Genetic algorithms for tracking changing environments. In: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on genetic algorithms. Morgan Kaufmann, pp 523\u2013530"},{"key":"117_CR16","unstructured":"Dasgupta D, McGregor DR (1992) Nonstationary function optimization using the structured genetic algorithm. In: Parallel problem solving from nature, vol 2, pp 147\u2013156"},{"key":"117_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Fran\u00e7a FO, Von Zuben FJ (2009) A dynamic artificial immune algorithm applied to challenging benchmarking problems. In: IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, 2009. CEC\u201909. IEEE, pp 423\u2013430","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2009.4982977"},{"key":"117_CR18","unstructured":"Eigen M (1973) Ingo Rechenberg Evolutionsstrategie Optimierung technischer Systeme nach Prinzipien der biologishen Evolution. mit einem Nachwort von Manfred Eigen, Friedrich Frommann Verlag, Struttgart-Bad Cannstatt"},{"key":"117_CR19","unstructured":"Eriksson R, Olsson B (1997) Cooperative coevolution in inventory control optimisation. In: Proceedings of the third international conference on artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms. University of East Anglia, Springer, pp 583\u2013587"},{"key":"117_CR20","unstructured":"Goldberg DE, Smith RE (1987) Nonstationary function optimization using genetic algorithm with dominance and diploidy. In: Proceedings of the second international conference on genetic algorithms on genetic algorithms and their application. Lawrence Erlbaum, pp 59\u201368"},{"key":"117_CR21","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Parallel problem solving from nature","author":"JJ Grefenstette","year":"1992","unstructured":"Grefenstette JJ (1992) Genetic algorithms for changing environments. In: Manner R, Manderick B (eds) Parallel problem solving from nature, vol 2. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 137\u2013144"},{"key":"117_CR22","unstructured":"Husbands P, Mill F (1991) Simulated co-evolution as the mechanism for emergent planning and scheduling. In: ICGA, pp 264\u2013270"},{"issue":"3","key":"117_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2005.846356","volume":"9","author":"Y Jin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jin Y, Branke J (2005) Evolutionary optimization in uncertain environments\u2014a survey. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 9(3):303\u2013317","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"117_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Korosec P, Silc J (2009) The differential ant-stigmergy algorithm applied to dynamic optimization problems. In: IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, 2009. CEC\u201909. IEEE, pp 407\u2013414","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2009.4982975"},{"key":"117_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li C, Yang S (2008) A generalized approach to construct benchmark problems for dynamic optimization. In: SEAL \u201908: proceedings of the 7th international conference on simulated evolution and learning. Springer, pp 391\u2013400","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-89694-4_40"},{"key":"117_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li C, Yang S (2009) A clustering particle swarm optimizer for dynamic optimization. In: IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, 2009. CEC\u201909. IEEE, pp 439\u2013446","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2009.4982979"},{"key":"117_CR27","unstructured":"Li C, Yang S, Nguyen TT, Yu EL, Yao X, Jin Y, Beyer GH, Suganthan PN (2008) Benchmark generator for CEC 2009 competition on dynamic optimization"},{"issue":"2","key":"117_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2011.2112662","volume":"16","author":"X Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li X, Yao X (2012) Cooperatively coevolving particle swarms for large scale optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 16(2):210\u2013224","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"117_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2013.2281503","volume":"18","author":"Y Mei","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mei Y, Li X, Yao X (2014) Cooperative coevolution with route distance grouping for large-scale capacitated arc routing problems. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 18(3):435\u2013449","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"117_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morrison R, De Jong K (1999) A test problem generator for non-stationary environments. In: Proceedings of the 1999 congress on evolutionary computation, vol 3, pp 2047\u20132053","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.1999.785526"},{"key":"117_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morrison R, De Jong K (2000) Triggered hypermutation revisited. In: Proceedings of the 2000 congress on evolutionary computation, vol 2, pp 1025\u20131032","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2000.870759"},{"key":"117_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-06560-0","volume-title":"Designing evolutionary algorithms for dynamic environments","author":"RW Morrison","year":"2004","unstructured":"Morrison RW (2004) Designing evolutionary algorithms for dynamic environments. Springer, Berlin"},{"issue":"3","key":"117_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2013.2281543","volume":"18","author":"MN Omidvar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Omidvar MN, Li X, Mei Y, Yao X (2014) Cooperative co-evolution with differential grouping for large scale optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 18(3):378\u2013393","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"117_CR34","unstructured":"Panait L, Luke S (2005) Time-dependent collaboration schemes for cooperative coevolutionary algorithms. In: Proceedings of the AAAI 2005 fall symposium on coevolutionary and coadaptive systems, pp 18\u201325"},{"key":"117_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panait L, Wiegand RP, Luke S (2004) A visual demonstration of convergence properties of cooperative coevolution. In: PPSN, pp 892\u2013901","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-30217-9_90"},{"key":"117_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panait L, Luke S, Harrison JF (2006) Archive-based cooperative coevolutionary algorithms. In: GECCO \u201906: proceedings of the 8th annual conference on genetic and evolutionary computation. ACM, pp 345\u2013352","DOI":"10.1145\/1143997.1144060"},{"issue":"6","key":"117_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2006.880330","volume":"10","author":"L Panait","year":"2006","unstructured":"Panait L, Luke S, Wiegand RP (2006) Biasing coevolutionary search for optimal multiagent behaviors. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 10(6):629\u2013645","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"117_CR38","unstructured":"Popovici E (2006) An analysis of two-population coevolutionary computation. Ph.D. thesis, adviser-Jong, Kenneth De"},{"key":"117_CR39","unstructured":"Popovici E, De Jong K (2006) Sequential versus parallel cooperative coevolutionary algorithms for optimization. In: IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, 2006. CEC 2006, pp 1610\u20131617"},{"key":"117_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Popovici E, De Jong K (2006) The effects of interaction frequency on the optimization performance of cooperative coevolution. In: GECCO \u201906: proceedings of the 8th annual conference on genetic and evolutionary computation. ACM, pp 353\u2013360","DOI":"10.1145\/1143997.1144061"},{"issue":"3","key":"117_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s11047-006-9000-1","volume":"5","author":"E Popovici","year":"2006","unstructured":"Popovici E, Jong KD (2006) The dynamics of the best individuals in co-evolution. Nat Comput 5(3):229\u2013255","journal-title":"Nat Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"117_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1162\/106365600568086","volume":"8","author":"MA Potter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Potter MA, De Jong KA (2000) Cooperative coevolution: an architecture for evolving coadapted subcomponents. Evol Comput 8(1):1\u201329","journal-title":"Evol Comput"},{"key":"117_CR43","unstructured":"Potter MA, De Jong KA (1998) The coevolution of antibodies for concept learning. In: PPSN V: proceedings of the 5th international conference on parallel problem solving from nature. Springer, pp 530\u2013539"},{"key":"117_CR44","unstructured":"Potter MA, De Jong KA, Grefenstette JJ (1995) A coevolutionary approach to learning sequential decision rules. In: Proceedings of the 6th international conference on genetic algorithms. Morgan Kaufmann, pp 366\u2013372"},{"key":"117_CR45","unstructured":"Potter MA, Meeden L, Schultz AC (2001) Heterogeneity in the coevolved behaviors of mobile robots: the emergence of specialists. In: IJCAI\u201901: proceedings of the 17th international joint conference on artificial intelligence. Morgan Kaufmann, pp 1337\u20131343"},{"issue":"1","key":"117_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1162\/evco.1997.5.1.1","volume":"5","author":"CD Rosin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rosin CD, Belew RK (1997) New methods for competitive coevolution. Evol Comput 5(1):1\u201329","journal-title":"Evol Comput"},{"key":"117_CR47","volume-title":"Evolution and optimum seeking: the sixth generation","author":"HPP Schwefel","year":"1993","unstructured":"Schwefel HPP (1993) Evolution and optimum seeking: the sixth generation. Wiley, London"},{"key":"117_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schnemann L (2007) Evolution strategies in dynamic environments. In: Yang S, Ong YS, Jin Y (eds) Evolutionary computation in dynamic and uncertain environments, studies in computational intelligence, vol 51, pp 51\u201377","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-49774-5_3"},{"key":"117_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi M, Wu H (2009) Pareto cooperative coevolutionary genetic algorithm using reference sharing collaboration. In: Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on genetic and evolutionary computation, GECCO \u201909. ACM, pp 867\u2013874","DOI":"10.1145\/1569901.1570020"},{"key":"117_CR50","unstructured":"Weicker K, Weicker N (1999) On evolution strategy optimization in dynamic environments. In: Proceedings of the 1999 congress on evolutionary computation, 1999. CEC 99, vol 3, pp 3 vol. (xxxvii+2348)"},{"key":"117_CR51","unstructured":"Wiegand P (2004) An analysis of cooperative coevolutionary algorithms. Ph.D. thesis"},{"key":"117_CR52","unstructured":"Wiegand RP, Liles WC, De Jong KA (2001) An empirical analysis of collaboration methods in cooperative coevolutionary algorithms. In: Proceedings of the genetic and evolutionary computation conference (GECCO). Morgan Kaufmann, pp 1235\u20131242"},{"key":"117_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiegand RP, Liles WC, Jong KAD (2002) The effects of representational bias on collaboration methods in cooperative coevolution. In: PPSN VII: proceedings of the 7th international conference on parallel problem solving from nature. Springer, pp 257\u2013270","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45712-7_25"},{"key":"117_CR54","unstructured":"Wineberg M, Oppacher F (2000) Enhancing the GA\u2019s ability to cope with dynamic environments. In: Proceedings of the genetic and evolutionary computation conference (GECCO), pp 3\u201310"},{"key":"117_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang S (2005) Memory-based immigrants for genetic algorithms in dynamic environments. In: Proceedings of the 2005 conference on genetic and evolutionary computation, GECCO \u201905. ACM, pp 1115\u20131122","DOI":"10.1145\/1068009.1068196"},{"key":"117_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang S (2007) Genetic algorithms with elitism-based immigrants for changing optimization problems. In: Proceedings of the 2007 EvoWorkshops 2007 on EvoCoMnet, EvoFIN, EvoIASP, EvoINTERACTION, EvoMUSART. EvoSTOC and EvoTransLog: applications of evolutionary computing. Springer, pp 627\u2013636","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-71805-5_69"},{"issue":"11","key":"117_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-004-0422-3","volume":"9","author":"S Yang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yang S, Yao X (2005) Experimental study on population-based incremental learning algorithms for dynamic optimization problems. Soft Comput 9(11):815\u2013834","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"issue":"5","key":"117_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2007.913070","volume":"12","author":"S Yang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yang S, Yao X (2008) Population-based incremental learning with associative memory for dynamic environments. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 12(5):542\u2013561","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"117_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-49774-5","volume-title":"Evolutionary computation in dynamic and uncertain environments (studies in computational intelligence)","author":"S Yang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yang S, Ong YS, Jin Y (2007) Evolutionary computation in dynamic and uncertain environments (studies in computational intelligence). Springer, New York"},{"issue":"15","key":"117_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2008.02.017","volume":"178","author":"Z Yang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yang Z, Tang K, Yao X (2008) Large scale evolutionary optimization using cooperative coevolution. Inf Sci 178(15):2985\u20132999","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"117_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu E, Suganthan PN, (2009) Evolutionary programming with ensemble of explicit memories for dynamic optimization. In: IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, 2009. CEC\u201909. IEEE, pp 431\u2013438","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2009.4982978"},{"issue":"1","key":"117_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s12293-008-0003-6","volume":"1","author":"X Yu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yu X, Tang K, Chen T, Yao X (2009) Empirical analysis of evolutionary algorithms with immigrants schemes for dynamic optimization. Memetic Comput 1(1):3\u201324","journal-title":"Memetic Comput"}],"container-title":["Evolutionary Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12065-014-0117-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12065-014-0117-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12065-014-0117-3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,17]],"date-time":"2019-08-17T17:25:52Z","timestamp":1566062752000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12065-014-0117-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,18]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["117"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12065-014-0117-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1864-5909","1864-5917"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1864-5909","type":"print"},{"value":"1864-5917","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,18]]}}}