{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T22:36:45Z","timestamp":1774305405042,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evol. Intel."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12065-025-01107-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T11:12:50Z","timestamp":1764155570000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Three-body deterministic optimizer (TBD): a novel non-random, nature-inspired metaheuristic for engineering design and hyperparameter optimization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9282-5717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Rodan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4442-1865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yousef","family":"Sanjalawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2330-128X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Ti\u0148o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1107_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2025.113020","volume":"253","author":"M Bena\u00efssa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bena\u00efssa M (2024) colleagues: Metaheuristic algorithms for optimisation: a survey of recent advances. Knowl-Based Syst 253:1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knosys.2025.113020","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"1107_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120069","volume":"225","author":"S Rajwar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rajwar S (2023) An exhaustive review of nature-inspired metaheuristic optimizers. Expert Syst Appl 225:120069. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120069","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"1107_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0792-66","volume":"267","author":"JH Holland","year":"1992","unstructured":"Holland JH (1992) Genetic algorithms. Sci Am 267(1):66\u201372","journal-title":"Sci Am"},{"key":"1107_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNN.1995.488968","volume":"4","author":"J Kennedy","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kennedy J, Eberhart R (1995) Particle swarm optimisation. Proc IEEE Int Conf Neural Netw 4:1942\u20131948","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Neural Netw"},{"key":"1107_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Price KV, Storn RM, Lampinen JA (2013) Differential Evolution: A Practical Approach to Global Optimization, 1st edn. Natural Computing Series. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-95869-7","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-95869-7"},{"issue":"4","key":"1107_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plrev.2005.10.001","volume":"2","author":"C Blum","year":"2005","unstructured":"Blum C (2005) Ant colony optimization: introduction and recent trends. Phys Life Rev 2(4):353\u2013373","journal-title":"Phys Life Rev"},{"issue":"13","key":"1107_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2009.03.004","volume":"179","author":"E Rashedi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rashedi E, Nezamabadi-Pour H, Saryazdi S (2009) Gsa: a gravitational search algorithm. Inf Sci 179(13):2232\u20132248","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1107_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Passino KM (2012) Bacterial foraging optimization. In: Yang, X.-S., Cui, Z., Xiao, R., Gandomi, A.H., Karamanoglu, M. (eds.) Innovations and Developments of Swarm Intelligence Applications, pp. 219\u2013234. IGI Global, Hershey. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/978-1-4666-0324-0.ch010","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-4666-0324-0.ch010"},{"key":"1107_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2023.111946","volume":"164","author":"L Deng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deng L, Liu S (2024) A sine cosine algorithm guided by elite pool strategy for global optimization. Appl Soft Comput 164:111946. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asoc.2023.111946","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"1107_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao F (2023) Others: Snow ablation optimizer: A novel metaheuristic technique for numerical optimization and engineering design. Expert Syst Appl. 225: 120069. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120069"},{"key":"1107_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li F (2023) Others: A multi-strategy improved slime mould algorithm for global optimization and engineering design problems. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng. 404: 115764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cma.2023.115764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2023.115764"},{"key":"1107_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhou F (2023) Others: An enhanced slime mould algorithm based on adaptive grouping technique for global optimization. Expert Syst Appl. 222: 119877. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.119877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.119877"},{"key":"1107_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compind.2025.104209","volume":"164","author":"L Deng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Deng L, Liu S (2025) Advancing photovoltaic system design: an enhanced social learning swarm optimizer with guaranteed stability. Comput Ind 164:104209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compind.2025.104209","journal-title":"Comput Ind"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"1107_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3705","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-023-10428-0","volume":"56","author":"L Deng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Deng L, Liu S (2023) Incorporating q-learning and gradient search scheme into jaya algorithm for global optimization. Artif Intell Rev 56(Suppl 3):3705\u20133748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10462-023-10428-0","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"1107_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oyelade ON, Ezugwu AE-S, Abderazek H, Alhussian H, Aljohani E, Cabello E (2022) Characterization of abnormalities in breast cancer images using nature-inspired metaheuristic optimized convolutional neural networks model. Concurr Comput Pract Exp. 34(4) :e6629","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.6629"},{"key":"1107_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2024.111566","volume":"158","author":"A Nguyen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nguyen A (2024) Dynamic metaheuristic selection via thompson sampling for online optimization. Appl Soft Comput 158:111566","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"1107_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2024.111574","volume":"158","author":"L Deng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deng L, Liu S (2024) Exposing the chimp optimization algorithm: a misleading metaheuristic technique with structural bias. Appl Soft Comput 158:111574","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"1107_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2013.2283886","volume":"50","author":"SL Ho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ho SL, Yang S, Ni G, Huang DX, Li W (2014) A particle swarm optimization-based method for multi-objective design optimizations. IEEE Trans Magn 50(2):677\u2013689","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Magn"},{"issue":"8","key":"1107_CR19","first-page":"245","volume":"22","author":"T Eltaeib","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eltaeib T, Mahmood S (2018) Differential evolution: a survey and analysis. Appl Sci 22(8):245\u2013253","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"1107_CR20","first-page":"782","volume":"14","author":"X Peng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Peng X, Sun S, Zhang Q (2010) Cma-es with different covariance update methods for continuous optimization. Soft Comput 14(7):782\u2013790","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"issue":"6","key":"1107_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2015.2395073","volume":"19","author":"R Cheng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cheng R, Jin Y, Olhofer M, Sendhoff B (2015) A multi-objective evolutionary algorithm using gaussian process-based inverse modeling. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 19(6):191\u2013210","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"1107_CR22","first-page":"809","volume":"59","author":"A Bolaji","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bolaji A, Khader AT, Ahmad S, Abawajy J (2014) Artificial bee colony algorithm, its variants and applications: a survey. J Theor Appl Inf Technol 59(2):809\u2013815","journal-title":"J Theor Appl Inf Technol"},{"key":"1107_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2013.12.007","volume":"69","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Mirjalili SM, Lewis A (2014) Grey wolf optimizer. Adv Eng Softw 69:46\u201361","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"key":"1107_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2016.01.008","volume":"95","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Lewis A (2016) The whale optimization algorithm. Adv Eng Softw 95:51\u201367","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"key":"1107_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.02.028","volume":"97","author":"AA Heidari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heidari AA, Mirjalili S, Faris H, Aljarah I, Mafarja M, Chen H (2019) Harris hawks optimization: algorithm and applications. Futur Gener Comput Syst 97:849\u2013872","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"1107_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.07.006","volume":"89","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mirjalili S (2015) Moth-flame optimization algorithm: a novel nature-inspired heuristic paradigm. Knowl-Based Syst 89:228\u2013249","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"1107_CR27","first-page":"345","volume":"48","author":"AA Heidari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heidari AA, Mirjalili S, Faris H, Aljarah I, Mafarja M, Chen H (2019) Salp swarm algorithm: theory, literature review, and application in global optimization problems. Appl Intell 48(1):345\u2013372","journal-title":"Appl Intell"},{"issue":"3","key":"1107_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3390\/info16030207","volume":"16","author":"A Asghari","year":"2025","unstructured":"Asghari A, Zeinalabedinmalekmian M, Azgomi H, Alimoradi M, Ghaziantafrishi S (2025) Farmer ants optimization algorithm: a novel metaheuristic for solving discrete optimization problems. Information 16(3):207","journal-title":"Information"},{"key":"1107_CR29","first-page":"330","volume":"2010","author":"XS Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang XS, Deb S (2010) Cuckoo search via levy flights. World Congress on Nature & Biologically Inspired Computing (NaBIC) 2010:330\u2013334","journal-title":"World Congress on Nature & Biologically Inspired Computing (NaBIC)"},{"key":"1107_CR30","first-page":"240","volume":"7445","author":"XS Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang XS (2012) Flower pollination algorithm for global optimization. Unconven Comput Nat Comput 7445:240\u2013249","journal-title":"Unconven Comput Nat Comput"},{"key":"1107_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matcom.2022.05.015","volume":"201","author":"N Eslami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eslami N, Yazdani S, Mirzaei M, Hadavandi E (2022) Aphid-ant mutualism: a novel nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm for solving optimization problems. Math Comput Simul 201:362\u2013395","journal-title":"Math Comput Simul"},{"key":"1107_CR32","first-page":"153","volume":"7","author":"V Mittal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mittal V, Saraswat M (2016) Simulated annealing approach to solve optimization problems in manufacturing systems. Int J Ind Eng Comput 7:153\u2013166","journal-title":"Int J Ind Eng Comput"},{"key":"1107_CR33","first-page":"1327","volume":"19","author":"S Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar S, Panneerselvam R (2017) A survey on the gravitational search algorithm and its applications to data clustering & classification. Appl Soft Comput 19:1327\u20131351","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"1107_CR34","first-page":"185","volume":"25","author":"H Sun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sun H, Feng L, Li Q (2012) Quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization with mutation operator for global optimization. Eng Appl Artif Intell 25(2):185\u2013196","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"key":"1107_CR35","first-page":"232","volume":"422","author":"J Cao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cao J, Zhao X, Li J (2018) Chemical reaction optimization for large-scale problems: a review of advanced techniques. Inf Sci 422:232\u2013253","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1107_CR36","first-page":"301","volume":"2018","author":"C Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang C, Chen L, Xie X (2018) Bacterial foraging optimization and its applications. Comput Intell Neurosci 2018:301\u2013315","journal-title":"Comput Intell Neurosci"},{"key":"1107_CR37","first-page":"733","volume":"74","author":"R Rao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rao R, Sarojini A (2019) Virus colony search: a novel meta-heuristic algorithm inspired by bio-viruses for global optimization. Appl Soft Comput 74:733\u2013753","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"1107_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2014.09.014","volume":"80","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Lewis A (2015) Teaching-learning-based optimization: an overview and application in engineering design. Adv Eng Softw 80:58\u201366","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"issue":"2","key":"1107_CR39","first-page":"289","volume":"53","author":"A Kaveh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaveh A, Zolghadr A (2015) Imperialist competitive algorithm: theory and application in engineering design optimization. Struct Eng Mech 53(2):289\u2013307","journal-title":"Struct Eng Mech"},{"issue":"24","key":"1107_CR40","first-page":"1092","volume":"42","author":"L De-Marcos","year":"2015","unstructured":"De-Marcos L, Hilera JR, Barchino T (2015) Parliamentary optimization: a new socio-inspired method for combinatorial optimization problems. Expert Syst Appl 42(24):1092\u20131109","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1107_CR41","first-page":"679","volume":"37","author":"WL Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang WL (2016) A social spider algorithm for global optimization. Appl Soft Comput 37:679\u2013698","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"1107_CR42","first-page":"999","volume":"14","author":"KW Wong","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wong KW (2010) A novel metaheuristic approach: spiral optimization algorithm. Soft Comput 14:999\u20131012","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"1107_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.124400","volume":"254","author":"LA Beltran","year":"2024","unstructured":"Beltran LA, Navarro MA, Oliva D, Campos-Pe\u00f1a D, Ramos-Frutos JA, Zapotecas-Mart\u00ednez S (2024) Quasi-random fractal search (qrfs): a dynamic metaheuristic with sigmoid population decrement for global optimization. Expert Syst Appl 254:124400","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1107_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47781","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3273529","volume":"11","author":"D Saini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saini D, Malik R, Garg R, Rahmani MKI, Ahmed ME, Prashar D, Jha S, Nazeer J, Ahmad S (2023) Mbahil: design of a multimodal hybrid bioinspired model for augmentation of hyperspectral imagery via iterative learning for continuous efficiency enhancements. IEEE Access 11:47781\u201347793","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"2","key":"1107_CR45","first-page":"2941","volume":"24","author":"R Ibrahim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ibrahim R, Osman S, Zain A (2016) Simulated kalman filter: a new metaheuristic optimizer. Pertanika J Sci & Technol 24(2):2941\u20132951","journal-title":"Pertanika J Sci & Technol"},{"key":"1107_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2024.117718","volume":"436","author":"Y Lang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lang Y, Gao Y (2025) Dream optimization algorithm (doa): a novel metaheuristic optimization algorithm inspired by human dreams and its applications to real-world engineering problems. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 436:117718","journal-title":"Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng"},{"key":"1107_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2023.110454","volume":"268","author":"M Abdel-Basset","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abdel-Basset M, Mohamed R, Azeem SAA, Jameel M, Abouhawwash M (2023) Kepler optimization algorithm: a new metaheuristic algorithm inspired by kepler\u2019s laws of planetary motion. Knowl-Based Syst 268:110454","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"1107_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2364041","DOI":"10.1080\/23311916.2024.2364041","volume":"10","author":"X-S Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang X-S (2023) A generalized evolutionary metaheuristic (gem) algorithm for engineering optimization. Cogent Eng 10(1):2364041","journal-title":"Cogent Eng"},{"issue":"2","key":"1107_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2023.035911","volume":"75","author":"D Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li D, Du S, Zhang Y, Zhao M (2023) Dark forest algorithm: a novel metaheuristic algorithm for global optimization problems. Comput Mater Continua 75(2):2775\u20132803","journal-title":"Comput Mater Continua"},{"key":"1107_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1126450","DOI":"10.3389\/fmech.2022.1126450","volume":"8","author":"M Dehghani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dehghani M, Trojovsk\u00fd P (2023) Osprey optimization algorithm: a new bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithm for solving engineering optimization problems. Front Mecha Eng 8:1126450","journal-title":"Front Mecha Eng"},{"issue":"6","key":"1107_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2008.919004","volume":"12","author":"D Simon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Simon D (2008) Biogeography-based optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 12(6):702\u2013713","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"1107_CR52","first-page":"217","volume":"213","author":"A Kaveh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kaveh A, Talatahari S (2010) A novel heuristic optimization method: charged system search. Acta Mech 213(3):217\u2013235","journal-title":"Acta Mech"},{"key":"1107_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99372","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3429051","volume":"12","author":"M Yesilbudak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yesilbudak M, Ozcan A (2024) Performance comparison of metaheuristic optimization-based parametric methods in wind turbine power curve modeling. IEEE Access 12:99372\u201399381","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"1107_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2024.106855","volume":"99","author":"S Adamu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Adamu S, Alhussian H, Aziz N, Abdulkadir SJ, Alwadin A, Abdullahi M, Garba A (2025) Unleashing the power of manta rays foraging optimizer: a novel approach for hyper-parameter optimization in skin cancer classification. Biomed Signal Process Control 99:106855","journal-title":"Biomed Signal Process Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"1107_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1504\/IJBIC.2010.032124","volume":"2","author":"XS Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang XS (2010) Firefly algorithm, stochastic test functions and design optimisation. Int J Bio-Inspired Comput 2(2):78\u201384","journal-title":"Int J Bio-Inspired Comput"},{"key":"1107_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-015-1920-1","volume":"27","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mirjalili S (2016) Dragonfly algorithm: a new meta-heuristic optimization technique for solving single-objective, discrete, and multi-objective problems. Neural Comput Appl 27:1053\u20131073","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"1107_CR57","first-page":"1679","volume":"95","author":"JB Odili","year":"2016","unstructured":"Odili JB, Kahar MNM (2016) African buffalo optimization: a swarm-intelligence technique. Proc Comput Sci 95:1679\u20131685","journal-title":"Proc Comput Sci"},{"key":"1107_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173548","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3024108","volume":"8","author":"AG Hussien","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hussien AG, Amin M, Wang M, Liang G, Alsanad A, Gumaei A, Chen H (2020) Crow search algorithm: theory, recent advances, and applications. IEEE Access 8:173548\u2013173565","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"5","key":"1107_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2012.11.026","volume":"13","author":"A Sadollah","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sadollah A, Bahreininejad A, Eskandar H, Hamdi M (2013) Mine blast algorithm: a computational intelligence for engineering design problems. Appl Soft Comput 13(5):2592\u20132612","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"1107_CR60","first-page":"461","volume":"39","author":"A Dolatabadi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dolatabadi A, Akbarzadeh N (2018) Weighted vertices optimizer for optimization problems. Swarm Evol Comput 39:461\u2013480","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"1107_CR61","first-page":"373","volume":"17","author":"SO Degertekin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Degertekin SO, Hayalioglu MS (2017) Optimum design of steel structures with semi-rigid connections using the big bang-big crunch algorithm. Int J Steel Struct 17(2):373\u2013385","journal-title":"Int J Steel Struct"},{"issue":"1","key":"1107_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/itor.12001","volume":"22","author":"K S\u00f6rensen","year":"2015","unstructured":"S\u00f6rensen K (2015) Metaheuristics-the metaphor exposed. Int Trans Oper Res 22(1):3\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/itor.12001","journal-title":"Int Trans Oper Res"},{"key":"1107_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dorigo M, St\"utzle T, Camacho-Villal\u00f3n CL (2023) Exposing the grey wolf, moth-flame, whale, firefly, bat, and antlion algorithms: six misleading optimization techniques inspired by bestial metaphors. Int Trans Oper Res. 30(6): 2945\u20132971. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/itor.13100","DOI":"10.1111\/itor.13100"},{"key":"1107_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Deng L, Liu S (2025) Unlocking new potentials in evolutionary computation with complex network insights: a brief survey. Arch Computa Methods Eng. pp 1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11831-025-10345-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s11831-025-10345-0"},{"key":"1107_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Deng L, Liu S (2025) Collective dynamics of particle swarm optimization: a network science perspective. Phys A Stat Mech Appl. p 130778. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physa.2025.130778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2025.130778"},{"key":"1107_CR66","first-page":"1167","volume":"7","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mirjalili S (2021) Evolutionary computation: a unified approach for multi-objective and single-objective problems - an analysis paper. Complex & Intell Syst 7:1167\u20131182","journal-title":"Complex & Intell Syst"},{"issue":"135","key":"1107_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.4171\/mag\/227","volume":"33","author":"A Moreno","year":"2024","unstructured":"Moreno A (2024) The circular restricted three-body problem: a modern symplectic viewpoint. Eur Math Soc Mag 33(135):33\u201338","journal-title":"Eur Math Soc Mag"},{"issue":"5","key":"1107_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.2514\/1.G007435","volume":"62","author":"Z Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang Z, Xu L et al (2024) Local orbital elements for the circular restricted three-body problem. AIAA J 62(5):1234\u20131245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2514\/1.G007435","journal-title":"AIAA J"},{"key":"1107_CR69","volume-title":"Classical Mechanics","author":"H Goldstein","year":"2002","unstructured":"Goldstein H, Poole C, Safko J (2002) Classical Mechanics, 3rd edn. Addison-Wesley, San Francisco","edition":"3"},{"key":"1107_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2013.12.007","volume":"69","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Mirjalili SM, Lewis A (2014) Grey wolf optimizer. Adv Eng Softw 69:46\u201361","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"key":"1107_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.02.028","volume":"97","author":"AA Heidari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heidari AA, Mirjalili S, Faris H, Aljarah I, Mafarja M, Chen H (2019) Harris hawks optimization: algorithm and applications. Futur Gener Comput Syst 97:849\u2013872","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"1107_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2022.105075","volume":"114","author":"S Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao S, Zhang T, Ma S, Chen M (2022) Dandelion optimizer: a nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm for engineering applications. Eng Appl Artif Intell 114:105075","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"key":"1107_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49445","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3172789","volume":"10","author":"E Trojovsk\u00e1","year":"2022","unstructured":"Trojovsk\u00e1 E, Dehghani M, Trojovsk\u1ef3 P (2022) Zebra optimization algorithm: a new bio-inspired optimization algorithm for solving optimization algorithm. Ieee Access 10:49445\u201349473","journal-title":"Ieee Access"},{"key":"1107_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2022.103282","volume":"174","author":"B Abdollahzadeh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abdollahzadeh B, Gharehchopogh FS, Khodadadi N, Mirjalili S (2022) Mountain gazelle optimizer: a new nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm for global optimization problems. Adv Eng Softw 174:103282","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"issue":"1","key":"1107_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-022-03533-0","volume":"53","author":"H Mohammed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mohammed H, Rashid T (2023) Fox: a fox-inspired optimization algorithm. Appl Intell 53(1):1030\u20131050","journal-title":"Appl Intell"},{"issue":"4","key":"1107_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00366-022-01604-x","volume":"39","author":"A Seyyedabbasi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Seyyedabbasi A, Kiani F (2023) Sand cat swarm optimization: a nature-inspired algorithm to solve global optimization problems. Eng Comput 39(4):2627\u20132651","journal-title":"Eng Comput"},{"key":"1107_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alzoubi S, Abualigah L, Sharaf M, Daoud MS, Khodadadi N, et al (2024) Synergistic swarm optimization algorithm. Comput Model Eng & Sci (CMES) 139(3) :2557-2604","DOI":"10.32604\/cmes.2023.045170"},{"key":"1107_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2021.107224","volume":"156","author":"H Karami","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karami H, Anaraki MV, Farzin S, Mirjalili S (2021) Flow direction algorithm (fda): a novel optimization approach for solving optimization problems. Comput & Ind Eng 156:107224","journal-title":"Comput & Ind Eng"},{"key":"1107_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2020.03.055","volume":"111","author":"S Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li S, Chen H, Wang M, Heidari AA, Mirjalili S (2020) Slime mould algorithm: a new method for stochastic optimization. Futur Gener Comput Syst 111:300\u2013323","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"1107_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.06.037","volume":"540","author":"I Ahmadianfar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahmadianfar I, Bozorg-Haddad O, Chu X (2020) Gradient-based optimizer: a new metaheuristic optimization algorithm. Inf Sci 540:131\u2013159","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1107_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2023.02.010","volume":"532","author":"H Su","year":"2023","unstructured":"Su H, Zhao D, Heidari AA, Liu L, Zhang X, Mafarja M, Chen H (2023) Rime: a physics-based optimization. Neurocomputing 532:183\u2013214","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"1","key":"1107_CR82","first-page":"2571863","volume":"2021","author":"AK Bairwa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bairwa AK, Joshi S, Singh D (2021) Dingo optimizer: a nature-inspired metaheuristic approach for engineering problems. Math Probl Eng 2021(1):2571863","journal-title":"Math Probl Eng"},{"key":"1107_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2021.107250","volume":"157","author":"L Abualigah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abualigah L, Yousri D, Abd Elaziz M, Ewees AA, Al-Qaness MA, Gandomi AH (2021) Aquila optimizer: a novel meta-heuristic optimization algorithm. Comput & Ind Eng 157:107250","journal-title":"Comput & Ind Eng"},{"issue":"10","key":"1107_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5887","DOI":"10.1002\/int.22535","volume":"36","author":"B Abdollahzadeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdollahzadeh B, Soleimanian Gharehchopogh F, Mirjalili S (2021) Artificial gorilla troops optimizer: a new nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm for global optimization problems. Int J Intell Syst 36(10):5887\u20135958","journal-title":"Int J Intell Syst"},{"key":"1107_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.11.024","volume":"165","author":"G Dhiman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dhiman G, Kumar V (2019) Seagull optimization algorithm: theory and its applications for large-scale industrial engineering problems. Knowl-Based Syst 165:169\u2013196","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"1107_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.113338","volume":"149","author":"M Khishe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khishe M, Mosavi MR (2020) Chimp optimization algorithm. Expert Syst Appl 149:113338","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1107_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2020.103541","volume":"90","author":"S Kaur","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaur S, Awasthi LK, Sangal AL, Dhiman G (2020) Tunicate swarm algorithm: a new bio-inspired based metaheuristic paradigm for global optimization. Eng Appl Artif Intell 90:103541","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"key":"1107_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2022.110011","volume":"259","author":"M Dehghani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dehghani M, Montazeri Z, Trojovsk\u00e1 E, Trojovsk\u1ef3 P (2023) Coati optimization algorithm: a new bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithm for solving optimization problems. Knowl-Based Syst 259:110011","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"}],"container-title":["Evolutionary Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12065-025-01107-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12065-025-01107-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12065-025-01107-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T10:02:20Z","timestamp":1765015340000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12065-025-01107-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12065-025-01107-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1864-5909","1864-5917"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1864-5909","type":"print"},{"value":"1864-5917","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 September 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 November 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no Conflict of interest regarding this publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"125"}}